tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12502081011430422352024-03-18T01:54:11.954-07:00Bureau d'Etudes et de Réalisation des Projets Informatique de la RDCC'est un Centre de Développement des Logiciels et SGBD
Joseph Akhudi Duduhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01126680684409664323noreply@blogger.comBlogger35125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1250208101143042235.post-43704542499577768702023-12-20T08:43:00.000-08:002023-12-20T08:43:19.923-08:00SPSS Traitement des données statistique pour diriger le travail recherche scientifique en santé publique en République démocratique du Congo dans la ville de Kisangani<p>Le logiciel SPSS dont le sigle signifie « Statistical Package for Social Sciences » Permet de traiter les données statistique grâce à ses fonctionnalités Intégrées.</p><p class="MsoNormal">Le Bureau d’Etudes et des Réalisations des Projets
Informatique de la RDC, vient de réaliser un travail de recherche scientifique
dans le domaine de santé publique, il a fait preuve de son expertise dans le
traitement des données statiques médicale en utilisant SPSS avec des formules très complexe afin de collecter les données , les traitées et les analysées d’une
manière objective afin de permettre les décideurs de prendre les décisions rationnelles grâce à la modélisation des données qui représente des faits réels <o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">ce travail a été réalisé par la Stagiaire BIENVENUE AWOTAKO sous la Direction de Fondateur de BERPI -RDC , Monsieur Joseph AKHUDI DUDU</p><p class="MsoNormal">il s'est dit satisfait de travail réalisé par la Stagiaire , il invite les centres des recherches scientifiques de déposer leur demande de prestation de service </p><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEic_kVg0kxK6FBZ1Rhhfds_z87LJ2_xRjrjoJnxslVtlIQ3IyEDsnzxIKCwnf6H0N3Ev8VTOyk6gxedWRcN-qUINbQdSfUYX0HqcEFxvQL3M1Y5AVOTmtyrBfF2eTcoPoVq8HvYwbFCr6C0EF4mfPoeFahlehxjmI9xFbFwf9WA4Vlr-oLtFhJKaDu6Ih8/s1185/1.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="734" data-original-width="1185" height="198" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEic_kVg0kxK6FBZ1Rhhfds_z87LJ2_xRjrjoJnxslVtlIQ3IyEDsnzxIKCwnf6H0N3Ev8VTOyk6gxedWRcN-qUINbQdSfUYX0HqcEFxvQL3M1Y5AVOTmtyrBfF2eTcoPoVq8HvYwbFCr6C0EF4mfPoeFahlehxjmI9xFbFwf9WA4Vlr-oLtFhJKaDu6Ih8/s320/1.PNG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; 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margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="767" data-original-width="1366" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEji30UESpB9DqEBT2dqXjbW7PjY0CFIDS-cdklOcaiEnZS36ccKdxQLWuNINESfFv5VgI1dUQlh7HL1Esj8CrFLQ4h6CMorDPFOgIxr1EVVd2J1zmpunjyna64GzsHt8hJ1v3KPK7wBW7nBS4RN40UwZlriOdSrZXzeszvVp3U3hQ5hTR2Xe6wo6il397s/s320/EE.PNG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><div class="blogger-post-footer">Admin Joseph Akhudi</div>Joseph Akhudi Duduhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01126680684409664323noreply@blogger.com0GF6V+G6 Fungo, République démocratique du Congo-6.4887036 29.493039-39.561089466606965 -5.663211 26.583682266606964 64.649289tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1250208101143042235.post-43689514888856216142023-08-09T10:37:00.002-07:002023-08-09T10:38:26.540-07:00Renforcement de Capacité en Gestion des Ressources Humaines, Chaque année le professionnel en HR . 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Name="table of authorities"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="macro"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
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</p><p><span class="break-words"><span lang="FR-BE" style="mso-ansi-language: FR-BE;">J’ai
le plaisir de vous annoncer que j’ai obtenu mon diplôme en qualité de
Professionnel des Ressources Humaines au sein de Centre de Promotion des normes
sociale (CNPS) situé à ARRUPE LUBUMBASHI !</span></span><span lang="FR-BE" style="mso-ansi-language: FR-BE;"></span></p>
<p><span class="break-words"><span lang="FR-BE" style="mso-ansi-language: FR-BE;">J'adore
de travailler au cœur de l'entreprise HR C'est ma pension de tous les
jours j’aime mon travail c’est devenu plus qu’une obsession </span></span><span lang="FR-BE" style="mso-ansi-language: FR-BE;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR-BE" style="mso-ansi-language: FR-BE;"> </span></p>
<span class="break-words"><span dir="ltr"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpfi3bX2dhQzeEg3zY3LmMJ1XGFDu-8VKLa6WwVubRPBXDbH6opc_cwKVmIxDdLbs8KbFI-QuXqa-m0buy_YutQbGUFcZ-d8peh_TINMzbJcAwaUYXpo6Uj--2IRKu8zaxK6HCxQlHYyNY0awgQhX1eSlNm0iXkMOfyAAsR1N6l0Xl-rwX5bgU07he1co/s1008/WhatsApp%20Image%202023-08-04%20at%2015.21.15.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="756" data-original-width="1008" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpfi3bX2dhQzeEg3zY3LmMJ1XGFDu-8VKLa6WwVubRPBXDbH6opc_cwKVmIxDdLbs8KbFI-QuXqa-m0buy_YutQbGUFcZ-d8peh_TINMzbJcAwaUYXpo6Uj--2IRKu8zaxK6HCxQlHYyNY0awgQhX1eSlNm0iXkMOfyAAsR1N6l0Xl-rwX5bgU07he1co/w546-h240/WhatsApp%20Image%202023-08-04%20at%2015.21.15.jpg" width="546" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjElerOwLnVPpNtmWGRH3YRy-pyjKi0bplswzNZBFVUjoqKdXELVjsuOfpDNIiw0ERVbhLc1o_MmrQbTkkDUkYIC2jxHG8wmKrliborbpHJHegm8JxocIuL4tl3C85zjrUcTeHUKHoA43NeiTsoupzgzH3ABEXa_hYranZUlUaxDlWZ-qZUnFO9B3XCgdM/s1008/WhatsApp%20Image%202023-08-04%20at%2015.2S1.15.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="756" data-original-width="1008" height="260" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjElerOwLnVPpNtmWGRH3YRy-pyjKi0bplswzNZBFVUjoqKdXELVjsuOfpDNIiw0ERVbhLc1o_MmrQbTkkDUkYIC2jxHG8wmKrliborbpHJHegm8JxocIuL4tl3C85zjrUcTeHUKHoA43NeiTsoupzgzH3ABEXa_hYranZUlUaxDlWZ-qZUnFO9B3XCgdM/w530-h260/WhatsApp%20Image%202023-08-04%20at%2015.2S1.15.jpg" width="530" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEif2ZgGAUsB4toR7EobWuLw9VzQ17dwKL1kLxzhkdME8UOeD1en7kpY8rTzQdqvs6JUIuSN1pyY-0LOtmUfjQkS1N7gGs4LjSMTPxj04cm2k7PNFeBtlF8vk7MJXpdmgc-hegg6Q3ACP10VG55TG5JWrcpl00YzgSVFnLdoANVVBcaOjysnF745Xj-g0Go/s1008/WhatsApp%20Image%202023-08-04DD%20at%2011.14.42.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="756" data-original-width="1008" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEif2ZgGAUsB4toR7EobWuLw9VzQ17dwKL1kLxzhkdME8UOeD1en7kpY8rTzQdqvs6JUIuSN1pyY-0LOtmUfjQkS1N7gGs4LjSMTPxj04cm2k7PNFeBtlF8vk7MJXpdmgc-hegg6Q3ACP10VG55TG5JWrcpl00YzgSVFnLdoANVVBcaOjysnF745Xj-g0Go/w460-h240/WhatsApp%20Image%202023-08-04DD%20at%2011.14.42.jpg" width="460" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEQZ-dyeVOarPRTIvkwk_0Zh_D_9AjmyoWsDlPgtvKQXM_08MMm-ZviogTd5GiupzlpjzJJPrPLtlzqBOibMKavBms22cQhS7ErV0Kc8HicnUWU5F0cioIZudRtas8ndbPQhPHZnU1PMhOon8ExiHZDQm7U9Z2iwBeICTgGTVBOl_r2OAPNuTQr63MLug/s1008/WhatsApp%20Image%202023-08-04%20aHHHt%2011.14.32.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="756" data-original-width="1008" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEQZ-dyeVOarPRTIvkwk_0Zh_D_9AjmyoWsDlPgtvKQXM_08MMm-ZviogTd5GiupzlpjzJJPrPLtlzqBOibMKavBms22cQhS7ErV0Kc8HicnUWU5F0cioIZudRtas8ndbPQhPHZnU1PMhOon8ExiHZDQm7U9Z2iwBeICTgGTVBOl_r2OAPNuTQr63MLug/w443-h240/WhatsApp%20Image%202023-08-04%20aHHHt%2011.14.32.jpg" width="443" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiiPT5O03SflMqbymRHBz2IQot8ohMRHtNeJsBZJMyp5-7HS0kbpNplYcB3Mq2l4BGJDXKnlk1Z7Qa9hICGmPvlUlRf-3F8m1qpy2zH4tUVD9TPVo4JM0WP2wgJLKJ0kyNvzwFESQolWHL0OojZ_LxjNtRbuQVMaNdgfoCswD3HcJEO3Xdf2EN_6s-574/s1008/WhatsApp%20Image%202023-08-04%20at%2015.21.15.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="756" data-original-width="1008" height="278" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiiPT5O03SflMqbymRHBz2IQot8ohMRHtNeJsBZJMyp5-7HS0kbpNplYcB3Mq2l4BGJDXKnlk1Z7Qa9hICGmPvlUlRf-3F8m1qpy2zH4tUVD9TPVo4JM0WP2wgJLKJ0kyNvzwFESQolWHL0OojZ_LxjNtRbuQVMaNdgfoCswD3HcJEO3Xdf2EN_6s-574/w441-h278/WhatsApp%20Image%202023-08-04%20at%2015.21.15.jpg" width="441" /></a></div><br /> <br /></span></span><p></p><div class="blogger-post-footer">Admin Joseph Akhudi</div>Joseph Akhudi Duduhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01126680684409664323noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1250208101143042235.post-37334087475087288012023-05-23T11:36:00.001-07:002023-05-23T11:36:45.539-07:00Bureau d'Etudes et de Réalisation des Projets Informatique de la RDC: Anniversaire de Joseph AKHUDI DUDU<a href="https://josephsgbd.blogspot.com/2022/04/anniversaire-de-joseph-akhudi-dudu.html?spref=bl">Bureau d'Etudes et de Réalisation des Projets Informatique de la RDC: Anniversaire de Joseph AKHUDI DUDU</a>: À l'occasion de ton anniversaire il a plu à notre Direction Générale de vous souhaiter joyeux anniversaire et c'est une occasion de ...<div class="blogger-post-footer">Admin Joseph Akhudi</div>Joseph Akhudi Duduhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01126680684409664323noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1250208101143042235.post-11786442115487731742022-05-06T06:13:00.001-07:002022-05-06T06:21:09.650-07:00Joseph AKHUDI DUDU nous présente une de ses rares photos <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Business Intelligence nous permet </span><span style="background: white; color: #202124; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">d’effectue une analyse données
structurées tandis que le Big Data traite toutes les informations structurées
et non structurées. Ainsi, les résultats sont donc limités, les données non
structurées à l'instar des données archivées sans format prédéfini ne sont pas
traitées par la BI.</span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal">
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Grâce aux méthodes de traitement des données avancées nous sommes en mesure
d'analyser et interpréter afin de prendre des décisions rationnelles </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">naturellement lorsque nous parlons des données Non Structurées ces sont des informations numerique archivées dans les ordinateurs d'une façon basic , ces données ne sont pas dans la base données ou dans un système informatique permettant un seul clique d'avoir les informations générales de ceux dont on en besoin </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">qui peut concevoir une base des données informatique ,? et en quoi ça sert ?</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">Rendez-vous ce week-end </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><b class="gb4" style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap;">josephakhudi39@gmail.com</b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">+24348151735</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjchk5wahDM9_v4JpTUCKw4eTQzt3HdSxqEwx1eYkbPl7uCRDKVe0LETdeemIGti9O5_K9amwGUdqJ9sqSZPckz_EhyOGFN8P291a6_xav_YDOrLH4NxbboEZPJC7H0J_Z6QY_wJsRya5NJHPcJOlnfGqDZm-a9VbEgjoi01JIAoT1u3Qxw9S_iyyW6/s6000/DSC_0295.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4000" data-original-width="6000" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjchk5wahDM9_v4JpTUCKw4eTQzt3HdSxqEwx1eYkbPl7uCRDKVe0LETdeemIGti9O5_K9amwGUdqJ9sqSZPckz_EhyOGFN8P291a6_xav_YDOrLH4NxbboEZPJC7H0J_Z6QY_wJsRya5NJHPcJOlnfGqDZm-a9VbEgjoi01JIAoT1u3Qxw9S_iyyW6/s320/DSC_0295.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2ZHEu6YXVWnRzKYncq97df53EkHuauM8JOqY1uQJfu7-ezYgUy-rjtKqDIImWItqtPMXsdBjMZ0h-PMuUF7ShsFLqemh4nEr07ia_8yfkB4Gn54tH0LunORjjl355MC8DYjRKUuNsF3wzwxfReu3NCLDgA_GOMlmos2175PcgEfbYn2Cv7Si2sunf/s6000/DSC_0293.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4000" data-original-width="6000" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2ZHEu6YXVWnRzKYncq97df53EkHuauM8JOqY1uQJfu7-ezYgUy-rjtKqDIImWItqtPMXsdBjMZ0h-PMuUF7ShsFLqemh4nEr07ia_8yfkB4Gn54tH0LunORjjl355MC8DYjRKUuNsF3wzwxfReu3NCLDgA_GOMlmos2175PcgEfbYn2Cv7Si2sunf/s320/DSC_0293.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7bbreqOyzeaWvL_yp3nD6oCZu4XzubTUhMJYbvcZN51wzQ_DU1PUaMT6Vpcy3eJm7ldlcfIDSvKREuJyJa8qu3547ydWOD3sAMhvBaYUaQMgVpUPIIBREWMRklM7al7h9JY0ee9BlfUo/s6000/DSC_0292.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4000" data-original-width="6000" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7bbreqOyzeaWvL_yp3nD6oCZu4XzubTUhMJYbvcZN51wzQ_DU1PUaMT6Vpcy3eJm7ldlcfIDSvKREuJyJa8qu3547ydWOD3sAMhvBaYUaQMgVpUPIIBREWMRklM7al7h9JY0ee9BlfUo/s320/DSC_0292.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p></p><div class="blogger-post-footer">Admin Joseph Akhudi</div>Joseph Akhudi Duduhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01126680684409664323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1250208101143042235.post-30605472464807238022022-04-30T03:13:00.003-07:002023-05-29T11:08:44.954-07:00Implementation de Sage 50 Comptabilités Projet Réalisé par BERPI CORPORATION RDC<p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR-BE" style="mso-ansi-language: FR-BE;">La conception
et réalisation de système d’information automatisé nécessite une analyse de l’existant
approfondi pour répondre aux besoins réels et ressentis des utilisateurs il est
impérieux de bien définir les rôles que doit jouer les intervenants, grâce à la
méthode UML (</span><span class="hgkelc"><span lang="FR" style="mso-ansi-language: FR;">Unified <span role="tooltip" tabindex="0"></span></span><span class="jpfdse"><span data-enable-toggle-animation="true" data-extra-container-classes="ZLo7Eb" data-hover-hide-delay="1000" data-hover-open-delay="500" data-send-open-event="true" data-theme="0" data-ved="2ahUKEwjXzP7lipv_AhXLT6QEHbbdD1MQmpgGegQIExAD" data-width="250" role="button" tabindex="0"><span lang="FR" style="mso-ansi-language: FR;"><span data-bubble-link="" data-segment-text="Modeling Language">Modeling Language</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FR-BE" style="mso-ansi-language: FR-BE;">) et MERISE nous avons le plaisir de
vous présenter la configuration de notre Logiciel et le Tableau de Bord qui reflète
à la réalité en intégrant le Business Intelligence Interface <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></p>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
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margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="742" data-original-width="1366" height="174" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFgA8fqWH6jnMULRY7udk3ftAfcze0Tadq0PSLLZvkFoAFKqhFXCDL1JdBeU_tjTSaMsBC7OzWvkHYleJhBSQNfMpJ26L6eqU4nx5ROD0tc4gfk5QU_NzsJxePd3heyfQSoapGFu448Mg2CM4eN-lYz_ayS7BqnAaLp6AFClkdsIGPVF-jOjKP9a3_/s320/3.PNG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-NAqLFQsPFOgcEfaSctUb-Hfkj_5WPKzdJqhYTvkD8XBTlSg2gav_Q3pKAP40afxdliXRDQsbcdSb7U8wzZLNPLjtoiqtbBinMjBcQqvDcjzObKlcy9xFrYFf_HkmLaxiW61qRUvWAhboLay62k4hhtSOKTwg9f84i9VKhW9fWXbVj68O4jNa1pPs/s1366/2.PNG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="744" data-original-width="1366" height="174" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-NAqLFQsPFOgcEfaSctUb-Hfkj_5WPKzdJqhYTvkD8XBTlSg2gav_Q3pKAP40afxdliXRDQsbcdSb7U8wzZLNPLjtoiqtbBinMjBcQqvDcjzObKlcy9xFrYFf_HkmLaxiW61qRUvWAhboLay62k4hhtSOKTwg9f84i9VKhW9fWXbVj68O4jNa1pPs/s320/2.PNG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="blogger-post-footer">Admin Joseph Akhudi</div>Joseph Akhudi Duduhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01126680684409664323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1250208101143042235.post-17701271658612853482022-01-15T03:07:00.002-08:002022-01-15T06:41:59.274-08:00Anniversaire de Mariage Couple des Ingénieurs Joseph Akhudi<p> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: FR;">Le couple des ingénieurs </span><span lang="FR-BE" style="mso-ansi-language: FR-BE;">Joseph AKHUDI et son épouse Thérèse Bachele ont le réel plaisir de témoigner
leur gratitude à Dieu tout puissant à l’occurrence de l’anniversaire de leur
mariage civil et religieux et la naissance de leur fils GABRIEL ARAKAYO DUDU<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-BE" style="mso-ansi-language: FR-BE;">Nous avons interrogé son mari devant notre
micro </span><span face=""Segoe UI Emoji",sans-serif" lang="FR-BE" style="mso-ansi-language: FR-BE; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol-ext; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: "Segoe UI Emoji";">🎤</span><span lang="FR-BE" style="mso-ansi-language: FR-BE;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="FR-BE" style="mso-ansi-language: FR-BE;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Comment
il a pu conquérir le cœur d’une jolie femme intelligente </span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="FR-BE" style="mso-ansi-language: FR-BE;"><br /></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhEi-hL46Bq39U2BnJUgAZa-rQ2c_OopPIesPJg4w7SHqbN5bTxZ9cGr2rKsfFOd3Y_4zm2OgAA6A-gQU7__b37TQ8zNlk0A82MCvescLgjuziB9ghMVZlOYz7kwq6MAQ8ZpfwRI1oPbh2EWIBMe02Mhwr-OveKqd5zuZRLS80mGrHwMenz8ynBhx_r=s3264" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2448" data-original-width="3264" height="439" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhEi-hL46Bq39U2BnJUgAZa-rQ2c_OopPIesPJg4w7SHqbN5bTxZ9cGr2rKsfFOd3Y_4zm2OgAA6A-gQU7__b37TQ8zNlk0A82MCvescLgjuziB9ghMVZlOYz7kwq6MAQ8ZpfwRI1oPbh2EWIBMe02Mhwr-OveKqd5zuZRLS80mGrHwMenz8ynBhx_r=w690-h439" width="690" /></a> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-BE" style="mso-ansi-language: FR-BE;">Il nous résume celui qui veut ce qui l’aime
cherchera le moyen pour l’atteindre non les excuses, tout en commencé à l’université
pendant qu’il était en troisième graduat elle fut en première année de graduat, il a
reçu le coup de foudre qu’il n’a pas pu résister à ses charmes, tant bien même que
la route n’était pas si facile qu’il croyait grâce à sa persévérance, la patience,
la détermination et la sérosité se rêve se transformer en réalité. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="FR-BE" style="mso-ansi-language: FR-BE;">Quelle est la motivation qui vous a poussée à épouser
une femme de même domaine d’études que vous ?<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span lang="FR-BE" style="color: black; mso-ansi-language: FR-BE; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">Joseph Akhudi nous repose la même
question au sens large en disant </span><em><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="background: white; color: #5f6368; font-size: 10.5pt; font-style: normal; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: FR;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></em></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><em><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="background: white; color: #5f6368; font-size: 10.5pt; font-style: normal; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: FR;">« Deux</span></b></em><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="background: white; color: #4d5156; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: FR;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"> hommes marcheront-ils </span></span><em style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="background: white; color: #5f6368; font-size: 10.5pt; font-style: normal; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: FR;">ensemble</span></b></em><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="background: white; color: #4d5156; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: FR;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">, s'ils </span></span><em style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="background: white; color: #5f6368; font-size: 10.5pt; font-style: normal; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: FR;">ne</span></b></em><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="background: white; color: #4d5156; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: FR;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"> s'en sont accordés sans s'être concertés</span> ? </span>pensez-vous
que <b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #5f6368; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">Deux personnes</span></b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #4d5156; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;"> font-elles </span><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #5f6368; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">route ensemble</span></b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #4d5156; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;"> sans s'être
d'abord rencontrées </span><span style="color: black; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">? »</span><span style="mso-ansi-language: FR;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: FR;">Il a enrichi ses motivations se référant de verser biblique et pour de
raison de compatibilité liée à la science et technologie c’était évident qu’ils
vivent ensemble dans le jour avenir <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: FR;">L’amour est innée lorsqu’on rencontre la femme ou l’homme de sa vie c’est
très facile de le reconnaitre c’est lui que Dieu a créé pour moi et en deuxième
lien </span><span lang="FR-BE" style="mso-ansi-language: FR-BE;">Il reconnait avoir
décelé des aptitudes cohérentes de réflexion d’algorithme en conception de système
d’information automatisé et la programmation des applications web étant donné
qu’il est passionné à l’analyse de système d’information et de système décisionnel
c’était une chance exceptionnelle de trouver une bonne personne pour faire la
route ensemble d’ailleurs il affirme d’avoir réalisés beaucoup des projets informatiques
qui sont utilisés dans plusieurs <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-BE" style="mso-ansi-language: FR-BE;">Interrogés quelques amis et connaissances de
quartiers voisins de son ancienne domicile RDC- Durba -Kokiza Joli Joli
certains affirment qu’Il est reconnu comme un état un grand leader charismatique,
calme et sociale partout où il est passé il a rendu de service loyal et même à
sa communauté <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR-BE" style="mso-ansi-language: FR-BE;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-BE" style="mso-ansi-language: FR-BE;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-BE" style="mso-ansi-language: FR-BE;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-BE" style="mso-ansi-language: FR-BE;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div class="blogger-post-footer">Admin Joseph Akhudi</div>Joseph Akhudi Duduhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01126680684409664323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1250208101143042235.post-73988818326239178922020-11-06T02:44:00.000-08:002020-11-06T02:44:02.513-08:00Logo Officiel de BERPI KISANGANI<p> Mesdames et Messiers </p><p>Nous avons l'honneur de vous présenter notre Logo Officiel qui date de longue date </p><p>c'est la marque qui nous différencie des autres </p><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgF1itRgB8Lf4xkPg1fedYou52p76kwjU9UMI8wwlxZfb2NArrIKEGnXSrxB2CgtuWQMU5y5dLX1AIUoPreCU6ecDUlpnflHmIeLRuoGfvh8iCKEKOv_Ezlm-uXBx7dyiM9lWxnRrAmJ3I/s262/LOGO+BERPI.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="255" data-original-width="262" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgF1itRgB8Lf4xkPg1fedYou52p76kwjU9UMI8wwlxZfb2NArrIKEGnXSrxB2CgtuWQMU5y5dLX1AIUoPreCU6ecDUlpnflHmIeLRuoGfvh8iCKEKOv_Ezlm-uXBx7dyiM9lWxnRrAmJ3I/s0/LOGO+BERPI.jpg" /></a></div><br /><p></p><div class="blogger-post-footer">Admin Joseph Akhudi</div>Joseph Akhudi Duduhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01126680684409664323noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1250208101143042235.post-51289901757511479412020-11-06T02:38:00.000-08:002020-11-06T02:38:53.941-08:00Le simulateur et émulateur dans un système embarqué<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<div class="blogger-post-footer">Admin Joseph Akhudi</div>Joseph Akhudi Duduhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01126680684409664323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1250208101143042235.post-35188234119556027592019-07-13T03:49:00.001-07:002020-06-13T09:45:15.956-07:00Le cours d’organisation et législation scolaire en RDC <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">mes Dames et Messieurs nous sommes très heureux de vous présenter la synthèse d'un cours conçu dans le cadre de la pédagogie appliquée </span></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><br /></span></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">00.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">INTRODUCTION<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">01.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">OBJECTIFS<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">01.1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></i></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Finalité
de l’enseignement au Congo<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’enseignement national a
pour finalité la formation harmonieuse de l’homme congolais, citoyen
responsable, utile à lui-même et à la société, capable de promouvoir le
développement du pays et la culture nationale.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’école doit donc former des
citoyens producteurs, créatifs, cultivés, consciencieux, libres et
responsables, ouverts aux valeurs sociales, culturelles et esthétiques,
spirituelles et républiques. La formation de l’homme congolais doit être
totale, cohérente, équilibrée et complète. En d’autres mots, cette formation
intégrale doit tenir compte de savoir-savoir (cognition), savoir-être
(affectivité) et savoir-faire (psychomotricité).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">01.2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></i></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Objectifs
institutionnels<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Conformément à l’esprit de
la décision n° 09/CC du 8 juin 1981 sur l’enseignement supérieur et
universitaire précisant l’orientation générale de chaque niveau
d’enseignement ; ce cours poursuit comme dans toutes les institutions
supérieures les objectifs assignés à l’ISP-KISANGANI en général, à
savoir :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Assurer la formation des cadres dans le
domaine plus divers, de la vie nationale et pour ce qui nous concerne
Enseignement supérieur pédagogique, à ce titre, les enseignements sont conçus
de manière à favoriser l’éclosion des idées neuves et le développement des
aptitudes professionnelles. Les citoyens ainsi formés doivent être
immédiatement utilisables pour le développement social et économique du
pays ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Organiser la recherche scientifique
fondamentale et appliquée, orientée vers la solution des problèmes spécifiques
au Congo compte tenu néanmoins de l’évolution de la science, des techniques et
de la technologie dans le monde ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Stimuler chez le futur enseignant une prise
de conscience à son rôle d’encadreur politique, de la noblesse de sa mission,
de la dignité de sa personnalité et de l’honneur de sa profession.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Donc, l’Institut Supérieur
Pédagogique a pour finalité deux missions essentielles : d’une part
assurer l’enseignement et la recherche appliquée qui est le soutien même de cet
enseignement et d’autre part souligner la nécessité qu’il y a de déterminer ce
mode d’enseignement approprié ; autrement dit un finaliste de l’ISP est à
la fois éducateur et chercheur qui peut mener des petites enquêtes ponctuelles
et pratiques.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">01.3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Objectifs généraux du cours<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les objectifs généraux de ce
cours comme ceux des autres cours d’un enseignement supérieur sont à chercher
dans l’organisation et la législation relatives aux études supérieures en RD
Congo. Ce cours vise à :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Initier les étudiants futurs cadres de
l’enseignement aux problèmes de l’organisation et de la législation
scolaires ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Montrer l’importance de l’organisation et de
la législation scolaire sur l plan régional et national ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Relever les aspects historiques,
géographiques et organisationnels de l’enseignement au Congo ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Situer l »organisation et la législation
dans le système scolaire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">01.4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></i></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Objectifs
spécifiques<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le cours d’organisation et
législation scolaire dispensé à l’intention de l’étudiant de troisième graduat
poursuit quelques objectifs importants. En effet, à la fin de ce cours,
l’étudiant de troisième graduat qui aurait suivi avec attention sera à mesure
de :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sur
le plan du savoir<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Compléter sa formation générale et
spécialisée d’enseignant de très haut niveau par les notions des lois et des
principes de législation ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Définir certains concepts clés tels
que : organisation, législation, arrêté, loi, etc.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Expliquer l’organisation de notre
enseignement dans le temps ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Expliquer et interpréter les lois qui
régissent notre système éducatif de la colonisation à nos jours ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Donner l’utilité de l’étude des lois et leur
source ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Avoir les connaissances approfondies sur la
loi cadre.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></i><!--[endif]--><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sur
le plan du savoir-faire<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Appliquer les lois qui régissent notre
système éducatif ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Analyser les textes, les arrêtés, les
circulaires préparés pour la bonne marche des secteurs de l’enseignement ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Fournir au niveau de l’école un texte sur le
règlement d’ordre intérieur « ROI ».<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></i><!--[endif]--><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sur
le plan du savoir-être<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Etre sensible aux problèmes qui touchent à
l’organisation et à la législation scolaire ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Etablir des contacts humains avec ceux qui
appliquent et subissent les effets de la loi ou des textes ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Fournir l’aide demandée en matière de
l’organisation scolaire dans la mesure de ses compétences.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Chapitre
I : NOTIONS PRELIMINAIRES<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.1.
DEFINITIONS DES CONCEPTS<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le domaine de la pédagogie
avec les sciences de l’éducation étant vaste et complexe, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">le cours d’organisation er législation scolaire trouve sa place en
sciences de l’éducation dans la pédagogie spéciale</b>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.1.1. Législation scolaire<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">a) Etymologiquement le mot législation vient du <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">latin Legs ferre qui signifie faire des
lois.</b> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">C’est une action d’établir une
loi scolaire ou ensemble des lois scolaires ;<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">b) Formellement, la législation scolaire est l’ensemble
des lois qui règlementent l’enseignement dans un pays, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">son application c’est l’organisation scolaire.<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le
terme lois sous-tend tout texte dont la disposition est susceptible de
s’imposer à tous les citoyens ou à une catégorie de citoyens.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dans notre pays, ce terme englobe :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les lois proprement dites qui est élaborées
et votées par le parlement ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les décrets présidentiels qui sont signés par
le président de la république ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les règlements administratifs qui émanent du
pouvoir exécutif et souvent de <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">l’autorité qui les édite.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">On
distingue :<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
décrets,<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
arrêtés ministériels édités par les ministres,<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
circulaires administratives éditées par les secrétaires</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">c) <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Tous ces textes
présentés dans ce cadre de l’enseignement dans notre pays constituent la
législation scolaire nationale</b>. L’utilité de l’étude de la loi est
capitale. Cette dernière détermine l’organisation et l fonctionnement de
l’enseignement national. Elles servent aussi à protéger le personnel, les biens
et le droit de l’école en tant que l’institution étatique ou privée.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.1.2. Organisation scolaire</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Etymologiquement
le mot organisation vient </span></u></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">d’organium<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u> qui signifie organe,</u></b> une partie
nettement délimitée d’un corps vivant qui renferme une fonction déterminée.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Organiser : est une
action de constituer des structures. Formellement parlant<u>, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">l’organisation scolaire est l’application
de législation scolaire qui constitue sa base.</b></u> C’est la répartition des
choses, tâches, personnes dans l’ensemble de telle sorte qu’il y ait un système
avec les éléments qui favorisent le fonctionnement. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Son importance réside dans le développement économique culturel et
social.<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.2.
SOURCES DE LEGISLATION SCOLAIRE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les sources de législation
scolaire au Congo sont d’ordre :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Colonial</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> :
la constitution belge (application de progrès) ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">National</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> :
la charte coloniale belge de 1908 et les différentes constitutions qui se sont
succédées ainsi que toutes les dispositions prises dans le cadre national pour
réglementer l’enseignement dans notre pays ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">International </span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">: la
charte des Nations-Unies, la déclaration des Nations-Unies, la déclaration de
droit de l’homme et de l’enfant.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Toutes ses sources sont prises
en considération dans les pays indépendants car les normes valent pour tous les
pays et pour tous les enfants. Les caractères des lois cadres sont telle qu’il
y a autant de législations scolaires, qu’il y a autant d’Etats.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.3.
UTILITE DE L’ORGANISATION ET LEGISLATION SCOLAIRE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’organisation et
législation scolaires sont utiles :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Aux
élèves</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">aux parents et
aux enseignants qui doivent <u>connaître leurs devoirs, droits et
obligations ;<o:p></o:p></u></b></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Aux
étudiants qui sont appelés à appliquer les lois scolaires et l’organisation ;<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Aux
chercheurs dans l’étude des buts, des objectifs confrontés aux résultats
scolaires.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Chapitre
II : ORGANISATION ET LEGISLATION SCOLAIRES AVANT L’INDEPENDANCE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2.1.
OLS A L’EPOQUE PRECOLONIALE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’éducation n’a pas de
limite, elle est de tout le temps et existait dans le milieu traditionnel avec
les parents qui procréaient des enfants et s’occupaient de leur éducation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A
partir du 26 Février 1885</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> à la Conférence de Berlin
article six, le roi <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u>LEOPOLD II réussi
à s’approprier du Congo</u></b>. Cette vaste<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>étendue de l’Afrique centrale. Suite à leurs richesses, les pays de
l’Afrique centrale avaient été disputés par les grandes puissances. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Le mécanisme de la colonisation éducative
de roi LEOPOLD II était basé sur :<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La liberté de la navigation,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La prédiction,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La liberté du commerce,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La protection des biens et des personnes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cette politique du roi LEOPOLD II était
soutenue par :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
Jésuites à MULLER</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">qui
avaient comme principe « mettre en valeur l’humanité malgré l’incapacité
du peuple noir, c’est la prédestination providentielle de tien de ce
monde » ;<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
Jules frères</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,
pour ces derniers : « les races supérieures ont un droit vis-à-vis
des races inférieures ».<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Avec méfiances aux
missionnaires non belges, la politique du roi LEOPOLD II en matière d’éducation
était considérée comme l’un des mécanismes pour le développement de ces
pupilles (orphelin de guerre).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Par
décrets et arrêtés royaux, le roi LEOPOLD II organise l’enseignement dans les
colonies du 26 Février 1885, c’est le début de l’éducation </span></u></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">par<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u> les missionnaires</u></b><u>.<o:p></o:p></u></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.1.1. Les colonies scolaires œuvre
humanitaire<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Par
le décret royal du 12 Juillet 1892 modifié par celui du 03 Janvier 1911,</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> le
gouvernement organise les colonies d’enfants indigènes placés sous la tutelle.
A l’Etat, le décret de faire la tutelle des enfants délaissés, abandonnés,
orphelins et à ceux à l’égard desquels les parents ne remplissent pas les
conditions d’entretien et d’éducation. Ces enfants recevaient une éducation et
un enseignement professionnel à la colonie (BOMA ou MWANDA).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dans la colonie scolaire,
les enfants sont logés dans l’internat, nourris et soignés aux frais de l’Etat.
Dès leur entrée à la colonie, tous les enfants sont placés sous la tutelle de
l’Etat ; ils restent soumis aux travaux de l’Etat jusqu’à la 18<sup>ème</sup>
année moyennant l’entretien, la nourriture, le logement et les soins médicaux
gratuits.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’âge d’admission à la
colonie est administré par l’Etat. C’est le médecin membre de la commission
d’admission qui délivre un certificat qui consiste à l’âge approximatif de
l’enfant lorsqu’il n’a pas l’acte de naissance.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le décret du 04 Mars 1892,
va autoriser aux représentants légaux des associations philanthropiques à
accueillir dans leurs colonies agricoles professionnelles les catégories
d’enfants dont la tutelle n’est pas assurée. Celles-ci au nom de l’Etat sur
requête adressée au gouvernement général s’occuperont aussi de ces enfants.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
règlements du gouverneur général du 03/04/1982 est appelé l’organisation
intérieure de colonie d’enfants de l’Etat. L’horaire journalier du travail se
répartit de la manière suivante :<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Trois heures concentrées aux instructions
militaires ;<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Trois heures concentrées au cours de la
lecture, écriture, français et exercices religieux ;<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Deux heures d’activités agricoles,
manuelles et professionnelles.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
colonie scolaire avait comme objectif savoir à la sortie de l’école lire et
écrire une langue indigène et connaître les quatre opérations fondamentales de
l’arithmétique et les théories militaires et administratives.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ces écoles avaient une
allure des écoles militaires avec la présence de l’officier de la force
publique. Les élèves qui étaient destinés au service militaire devraient en
outre avoir assimilé des connaissances théoriques et pratiques requises d’un
sergent de la force publique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
premières colonies scolaires commencèrent à fonctionner effectivement à BOMA et
à MWANDA. Ces écoles appartenaient à l’Etat mais</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> confiées aux congrégations religieuses
pour leur direction.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pour réaliser leur objectif
principal qui est <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">de propager la foi
catholique, les missionnaires font fonder des écoles parallèles aux colonies
scolaires. Il</b> s’agit des colonies agricoles et professionnelles puis de
faire des chapelles qui céderont place aux écoles chapelles plus tard.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">D’autres écoles étaient
fondées pour essayer de satisfaire aux besoins fondamentaux du Congo :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’école
des candidats commis en Février 1906. L’enseignement dure 2 ans faisant suite à
celui donné à la colonie scolaire. L’objectif de cette école était strictement
utilitaire <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">: <u>formation des
auxiliaires et créer une main d’œuvre pour l’administration.<o:p></o:p></u></b></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Des
écoles professionnelles</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> en juin 1906 à BOMA. Ces écoles étaient
accessibles aux enfants de 12 à 20 ans, la formation était de 2 ans, pratique
et visant directement le métier à acquérir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole professionnelle pour infirmer. La durée
des études était de 3 ans. On insistait sur la connaissance des médicaments les
plus usuels et les notions générales concernant les soins immédiats à
administrer aux malades.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’école d’agriculture de EALA créée en
juillet 1908. Son but était d’initier des enfants aux travaux d’agriculture et
la récolte de caoutchouc. La formation s’étendait sur la durée de 2 ans.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A
partir de 1910, c’est le régime officiel congrégations qui prévalu. Toutes les
charges financières incombaient à l’état mais la direction des écoles
chrétiennes passaient à l’école de congrégation religieuse :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les frères des écoles chrétiennes à BOMA et à
KINSHASA en 1910<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les frères de la charité de GAND à LUSAMBO en
1911 et à KABINDA en 1912<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les frères maristes à KINSAGANI, en 1911 et à
KABINDA en 1912<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les frères salésiens à LUBUMBASHI EN 1911.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cette passation avait été
sanctionnée par la signature de la première convention entre le Saint Siège et
l’Etat Indépendant du Congo (E.I.C) en 1906.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cette convention donne droit
à chaque établissement d mission dans la mesure de leurs ressources à créer les
écoles où les indigènes devraient recevoir l’instruction. Les programmes
devraient comporter un ensemble de formations professionnelles pratique et
métier. Ces programmes de cours et des études devraient être soumis au
gouverneur général et les branches à enseigner devraient être fixées de commun
accord. L’enseignement des langues nationales Belges devrait faire partie
essentielle.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2.2.
O.L.S A L’EPOQUE COLONIALE DU 18 OCT ?1908 au JUIN 1960<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2.2.1.
Travaux préparatoires<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A cette époque le Congo
n’avait pas encore un statut politique. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">La
politique du Congo Belge en matière d’éducation c’est la liberté de
l’enseignement au Congo Belgique pris possession du Congo,</b> la réalisation
scolaire état minime.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’enseignement donné dans
écoles de l’E.I.C était médiocre, la matière était rudimentaire. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Comme conséquence, il fallait donc mener
des études sérieuses pour partir des bases solides plus larges.</b> C’est ainsi
que le 05 Juillet 1909 un comité consultatif d’enseignement fut crée à BOMA
pour émettre un avis pour tous.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La nécessité de faire mieux
que l’E.I.C poussant la colonie à organiser l’argument des écoles tenues par
émissaires. Cet agrément comportant entre autre l’adoption du programme fixé
par le gouvernement. En matière de l’éducation :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l31 level1 lfo24; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Du point de vue objectif, nous
distinguons deux périodes :<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La période d’efforts non coordonnés
caractérisés par l’évangélisation et <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo25; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La période de l’enseignement
réglementaire avec l’amélioration graduelle des mais indigènes.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l31 level1 lfo24; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Du point de vue collaboration, il y eut la
liberté de l’enseignement et la collaboration des missionnaires même étrangers
d’où l’importance des partis politiques en matière d’enseignement. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pour
étendre l’enseignement au sein de sa colonie, la Belgique doit choisir le
système de subside aux écoles des missions en imposant à celle-ci un programme
et en les soumettant à un contrôle. D’où la création de nombreuses écoles
officielles. En plus, il n’est plus question de tâtonner de créer les écoles au
hasard sans une organisation d’ensemble pré-établie ni connaissances exactes
des besoins réels.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C’est
ainsi que ces missions scientifiques ont été déployées sur le territoire de la
colonie pour toucher du doigt les réalités locales et proposer des solutions
adéquates. Parmi ces missions retenons les rapports ci-après :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">LAPHELPS
en Stockes Fund (1921</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C’est
une fondation américaine ayant pour but d’améliorer le logement des familles
pauvres et de favoriser l’éducation des noirs d’Amérique ainsi bien que
l’Afrique. (Grâce) des fonds laissés à sa mort par une noire américaine Miss
Caroline Phelps STOCKES)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo26; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Enquête RENKIN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pendant
la période de 1906 à 1920, l’enseignement au Congo-Belge fait peu de progrès en
raison de première guerre mondiale. Une enquête est alors initiée par monsieur <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">RENKIN ministre de la colonie</b>. Cette
enquête était faite sur les objectifs, les structures, les méthodes et les
programmes scolaires. Il était question de déterminer les besoins réels de la
société et de rechercher le moyen de former rapidement le personnel congolais
qui pouvant valablement remplacer les agents subalternes belges.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A
l’issu de cette enquête commencée en 1916, de très bons projets ont été faits
pour recruter des enseignants, construire les locaux, acheter les fournitures
de classes et matériel d’atelier mais ces projets n’étaient pas réalisés à
cause de la guerre.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo26; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les bureaux permanents du congrès
colonial national.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ces bureaux permanents avaient pour
but :<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
formation de l’élite congolaise<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’imposition
du minerval<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’organisation
scolaire<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Commission FRANCK<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
crise économique et financière provoqué par la guerre influe négativement sur
le développement de l’école. Les travaux sur l’enseignement restent au stade
préparatoire, en ce qui concerne l’organisation de programme, de type d’écoles
créées le 10 juillet 1922, la commission FRANCK créée et dirigée par FRANCK
alors ministre belge ministre belge de la colonie s’est mise au travail pour
élaborer un enseignement libre du programme subsidié.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les principes suivants président à
l’élaboration du projet :<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nécessité
de l’adaptation de l’enseignement aux milieux indigènes essentiellement
agricoles ;<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nécessité
d’avantager l’éducation par rapport à l’instruction avec la religion chrétienne
en tête du programme et même de l’horaire du cours ;<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nécessité
d’enseigner en langue indigène pour la première formation de l’âme indigène;<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Nécessité de s’orienter vers la collaboration
étroite avec les missions religieuses ;<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nécessité
de créer l’inspection de corps spécialisé de contrôle de l’enseignement ;<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Développement
des écoles normales pour accroître l’effectif du personnel enseignant
indigène ;<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Veiller
à l’éducation de la femme.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2.2.2.
L’organisation scolaire<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le fascicule intitulé
« Projet de l’organisation de l’enseignement libre du Congo, école avec le
concours de missions de missions nationales », rapports issus des travaux
préparatoires renferme la première réglementation de l’enseignement. Cette
réglementation tient compte de la Charte coloniale qui fixe les objectifs
généraux, le type d’écoles, le programme et l’organisation générale. Les
missions assument la responsabilité des écoles suivant un programme
d’enseignement, un système d’inspection et un barème de subsides arrêté par le
gouvernement général.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Il est à noter que
l’organisation de l’enseignement n’est pas l’œuvre du législateur colonial.
L’intervention du législateur se limite aux notes de crédit budgétaire
attribuées par le parlement belge en Belgique. L’administrateur colonial évite
ainsi d’assurer la formation de la jeunesse congolaise sous prétexte qu’aucun
texte juridique ne l’y oblige. L’administration se contente de diriger
indirectement l’éducation entreprise par les missionnaires dans des écoles
subsidiées.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">En 1945, le socialiste
GODDING, Ministre des colonies fait accepter le principe d’aide financière aux
écoles des missions protestantes. Il instaure en 1946 l’enseignement officiel
laïc pour les enfants blancs<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">. Il faut
attendre 1954 pour voir l’organisation de l’enseignement officiel pour les
enfants congolais. Grâce au Ministre socialiste Auguste BUISSERET, des écoles
pour les enfants congolais ont été créées à Kinshasa à Kisangani, à Kananga, à
Lubumbashi.<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La formation des cadres
moyens et supérieurs, d’une élite intellectuelle nationale n’est pas la chose
la plus rapidement souhaitée. Car la politique coloniale doit éviter de former
trop vite les cadres supérieures qui pourraient être la cause de multiples
ennuis pour administration publique. On le dit couramment à l’époque « <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">pas d’élite, pas d’ennuis ».<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2.2.3 Les programmes scolaires<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’enseignement colonial a
connu des programmes selon les périodes :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Programme de 1929<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ce
programme met l’accent sur le travail manuel<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 54.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo30; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
structure des écoles est repartie de la manière ci-après :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’école
du 1<sup>er</sup> degré confiée au catéchiste ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’école
du 2<sup>ème</sup> degré avec 3 ans d’études ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 54.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo30; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’école
spéciale pour la formation des commis et des instituteurs ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 54.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo30; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’école
secondaire et supérieure : le petit et le grand séminaire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’objectif
de ces écoles est</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l38 level1 lfo31; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">De
former les auxiliaires pour l’œuvre de l’évangélisation ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l38 level1 lfo31; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
formation des maîtres par rapport aux élèves de l’école primaire et aux
conditions de vie des enseignants ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l38 level1 lfo31; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
formation doit s’adapter au milieu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l35 level1 lfo29; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Programme de 1938<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Suite
au progrès constaté dans l’enseignement et au développement quantitatif des
écoles, après neuf ans le programme revu en 1938. C’est ainsi qu’on a
donc :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 2.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l39 level1 lfo33; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole rurale avec une priorité au travail
manuel ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2<sup>ème</sup> degré primaire jusqu’à 5 ans
d’études, amélioration des conditions de vie par formation suffisante ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 2.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l39 level1 lfo33; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">6<sup>ème</sup> primaire attachée à une
classe spéciale pour les élèves les plus doués ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les écoles des candidats commis furent
supprimées et remplacées par les écoles moyennes dont le but était de
préparer :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 106.9pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l50 level1 lfo32; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
élèves de l’enseignement professionnel spécialisé ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A la
profession d’employés des bureaux.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l35 level1 lfo29; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Programme de 1941<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ce
programme se caractérise par :<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo35; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’enseignement professionnel technique des
métiers ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo35; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’enseignement agricole.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">On trouve :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l23 level1 lfo34; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’école moyenne agricole et<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l23 level1 lfo34; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">l’école professionnelle agricole.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Il est à noter qu’il y avait
aussi l’enseignement post scolaire qui se donnait après l’enseignement scolaire
non formalisé et l’enseignement extra-scolaire qui se donnait dans de centres
qui n’étaient pas officiellement reconnus et touchaient une catégorie de gens.
On y distinguait :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo37; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le
centre d’enseignement pratique et agricole ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo37; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le cours de perfectionnement et
d’entretien ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo37; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les écoles artisanales et les écoles
techniques.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l49 level1 lfo36; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole gardienne sur deux ans ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l49 level1 lfo36; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole préparatoire 2 ou 3 ans ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l49 level1 lfo36; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole primaire du 1 er degré : 2 ans
pour tous les enfants avec la 3 3<sup>ème</sup> année facultative ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l49 level1 lfo36; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole primaire du 2<sup>éme</sup> ordinaire
avec 5 ans d’études (pour les enfants moins doués) conduisant au certificat qui
donne accès uniquement aux enseignements post-primaire et péri-primaire ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l49 level1 lfo36; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole primaire du 2<sup>ème</sup> degré
sélectionne avec 6 ans d’études pour les enfants doués, le certificat délivré à
l’issu de ce cycle, donne accès à l’enseignement secondaire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
élèves doués qui terminent le 2<sup>ème</sup> degré ordinaire, étaient admis en
6<sup>ème </sup>et 7<sup>ème</sup> préparatoire pour être admis ensuite dans
les secondaires.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’avantage de cette conception
pédagogique</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> est de permettre à chaque élève de choisir
le degré d’enseignement adapté à ses aptitudes intellectuelles et de faciliter
l’alphabétisation de la population en langue locale. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">L’inconvénient</b> est la sortie prématurée après 2 ou 3 ans l’enfant
s’inventait d’avoir accompli un cycle complet ; et suite aux effectifs, la
structure induisait les chercheurs en erreur. Il y avait aussi la complexité
des écoles primaires.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">b) Au niveau de l’enseignement ou
péri-primaire<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">En
terme de réglementation, l’appellation « post-primaire et
péri-primaire » n’équivaut pas au secondaire. Ces termes ne visent que des
écoles à finalité immédiate. La structure se présente comme suit :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole d’apprentissage avec 2 ans d’études
pour la formation des artisans ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole d’auxiliaire avec 2 ans d’études pour
former des clercs de collectivités rurales et des petits commis de
bureaux ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole d’apprentissage pédagogique (E.A.P)
avec 2 ans d’études qui forme l’enseignement pour les écoles rurales de 1<sup>ère</sup>
et 2<sup>ème</sup> primaire ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole ménagère avec 3 ans d’études pour la
formation des épouses des évolués congolais.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo25; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Enseignement
secondaire du cycle court<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dans cette filière on
distingue :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l29 level1 lfo38; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole
professionnelle avec 4 ans d’études qui forme les ouvriers qualités ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l29 level1 lfo38; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole moyenne de garçons avec 4 ans d’études
qui forme les employés subalternes des bureaux ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l29 level1 lfo38; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole de moniteurs (E.M) avec 3 ou 4 ans pour
la formation d’instituteurs ou institutrices du primaire du degré ordinaire
provisoire ou sélectionné ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l29 level1 lfo38; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole moyenne ménagère (E.M) avec 4 ans et
quatre sections d’enseignement secondaire proprement dit avec deux
cycles ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l29 level1 lfo38; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole secondaire générale avec 6 ans d’études
préparant à l’enseignement supérieur. Elle comprend deux sections : une
section latine et une section moderne scientifique. Il y avait 3 ans
d’enseignement général et 3 ans d’enseignement spécial qui se donnait au niveau
de la 4<sup>ème</sup> année. Les sections organisées étaient :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo39; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
section générale qui formait les instituteurs pour le degré sélectionné de
l’école primaire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo39; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
section des sciences qui formait les assistants médicaux et agricoles ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo39; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
section administrative et commerciale qui formait les agents du bureau ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo39; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
section de géomètres arpenteurs qui devraient former les géomètres et <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo39; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
section d’éducation physique qui formait les moniteurs d’éducation physique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">d) Enseignement supérieur et universitaire<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pour cet enseignement
supérieur et universitaire, on devrait tout attendre de l’initiative
privée : FORMULAC et CONDULAC et des initiatives des missionnaires
catholiques proposaient au gouvernement Belge la création des institutions
d’enseignement supérieur au Congo. C’est ainsi que l’arrêté royal du 21 Février
1949, le roi belge autorisant l’ouverture de l’université dénommé LOVANIUM
solennelle et historique de la 1<sup>ère</sup> année académique au Congo. Par
son décret du 28 octobre 1955, le roi belge créant l’université officielle du
Congo-belge et du Rwanda Urundi. Cette université ouvre ses portes aux
congolais et aux étrangers à Lubumbashi le 12 octobre 1956. Cette dernière
étant parrainée à l’Université de LIEGE, alors que Lovanium était parrainée par
l’université de LOUIVAIN.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dans chaque université
étaient créées une ou plusieurs écoles préparatoires, pré-université « PREU »
en sigle. Cette classe du régime congolais de 1948. Le certificat délivré aux
lauréats après un an à l’issu du « PREU » donne accès à l’université.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Par défaut du 25 novembre
1958, la loi sur la collation des grades académiques et l’équivalence de diplôme
a été promulgué.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">e) Amendement de la réglementation du
changement de 1948 au programme de 1952. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ces amendements se sont
montrés exigeants vis-à-vis de la qualification du personnel. Il consiste en
ceci :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo40; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Que les missionnaires inspecteurs de l’enseignement
soient qualifiés (posséder au 1<sup>er</sup> niveau de diplôme universitaire)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo40; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Que le professeur de pédagogie et de
psychologie soient licencié ou docteur. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">f) La formulation du Jury Central et la
création des écoles officielles de 1950 à 1954.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Comme conséquence,
l’épiscopat catholique belge se protestant et l’état reculant en donnant un
délai de 5 ans. Mais à cette période il y a eu des événements d’ordre
socio-politique entre les évolués et l’homme blanc et pour calmer l’esprit des
évolués, le gouvernement créant les cartes de mérite civique attribuées aux
évolués.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">En 1952 fut instauré le
système de matriculation c'est-à-dire l’inscription sur le système officiel de
tous les blancs, personnel enseignant et certains noirs y étaient assimilés.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dans le souci d’augmenter le
nombre d’associés de diplômes d’étude secondaire (homologation), les examens
extra-scolaires ont été organisés dans chaque chef lieu de Province. En 1954,
le ministre de colonie BUISSERET instaurant l’enseignement officiel pour les enfants
congolais et c’est le coup d’envoie de ce qu’on appelé la guerre scolaire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">En 1956, les écoles
catholiques créèrent un organisme décentralisé appelé « Bureau des
enseignants catholiques » BC en sigle. Dans la suite, les Protestants et
les Kimbanguistes créèrent aussi les leurs. Tous ces bureaux ont été supprimés
à partir de 1974 et remplacés par les « coordinations nationales des
écoles conventionnées ».<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">En 1958, fut adopté
effectivement le programme métropolitain dans les écoles secondaires
congolaises. Ce programme donnait accès à l’université sans autre formes des
préparations préalables.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Quant aux études
supérieures, juste en 1954, les seules institutions d’enseignement étaient les
grands séminaires. Après la création de l’université de Lovanium et de
Lubumbashi, l’université libre au Congo (ULC) a été créée en 1964 par les
protestants. C’est l’actuelle Université de Kisangani.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">CHAPITRE III. ORGANISATION ET LEGISLATION
SCOLAIRES A L’EPOQUE DE L’INDEPENDANCE<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l35 level2 lfo29; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.3pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.0.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">INTRODUCTION<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La forme est une modification
radicale d’un système éducatif. En appelées EVOLUES. Ces évolués formaient des
associations des anciens élèves qui se transformaient en parti politique qui
formulaient plusieurs revendications entre autres : la reforme de
l’enseignement au Congo.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Malgré les efforts
manifestés durant la colonisation en matière de formation des congolais, le
Congo se trouvait à l’indépendance avec une pénurie des cadres. Les premières
années de l’indépendance ont été marquées par l’absence des cadres formés au
niveau de l’armée, du gouvernement et de l’administration publique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les statistiques de l’UNSCO
montrent qu’au lendemain de l’indépendance, le taux de la scolarisation de
l’enseignement primaire était de 81% au Congo.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le Congo occupait ainsi la 3<sup>ème</sup>
place en Afrique. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Les quelques rares
pays à avoir eu une scolarisation de 100% sont : Congo Brazzaville, Gabon,
Cameroun etc</b>.… par contre, le taux de scolarisation de l’enseignement
secondaire était non significatif et le pays occupait presque la 6<sup>ème</sup>
place parmi les pays francophones c'est-à-dire après le Gabon, le Congo Brazza,
le Madagascar, le Cameroun et le Sénégal. Ainsi, pour 1000 élèves à l’école
secondaire, le Congo ne comptait que 23 seulement…<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Quant à l’enseignement
supérieur, le jour de la proclamation de l’indépendance, le pays ne comptait en
tout que 17 diplômes universitaires et moins de 200 étudiants. Cette situation
a eu comme conséquence absence des cadres et des destinées du pays furent
confiées aux hommes politiques en majeure partie, incapables, incompétents,
ignorant de certains cas et aventuriers.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Devant cette difficulté, les
nouveaux responsables du pays confiant à l’institution scolaire la lourde et
urgente tâche de former et de produire des cadres nationaux dont le jeune pays
a besoin. La priorité fut alors accordée aux enseignants secondaire, supérieur
et universitaire d’où la nécessité absolue de la reforme pour former les
cadres.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3.1. REFORME DE L’ENSEIGNEMENT<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3.1.1. Définition<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Une réforme est un
changement qui porte un jugement des valeurs négatives et qui crée en même
temps les valeurs nouvelles. C’est « la rénovation ». C’est tout
changement causé par une certaine inadéquation entre certains aspects du
système éducatifs et nécessité l’introduction des nouveaux éléments. C’est
l’ « innovation »<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3.1.2. Réorganisation<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’organisation de
l’enseignement d’après les législations de cette période, se trouve dans deux
textes constitutionnels :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La loi fondamentale du 15 Mai 1960 dans son
article 7 ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La constitution de Luluabourg (Kananga) en 1964
dans les articles 33 et 38<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les notions importantes développées dans
ces<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>textes peuvent se résumer dans
ceci :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le droit à l’éducation : c’est un des
droits fondamentaux de la personne humaine consignés dans la déclaration
internationale des droits de l’homme ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La liberté de l’enseignement en ce qui
concerne la liberté de création des écoles, toute personne physique ou morale
disposant des moyens<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>les possibilités
d’ouvrir une école ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’obligation et la gratitude de
l’enseignement ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’enseignement national est un ensemble qui
englobe les établissements organisés par l’état et par les particuliers ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La qualification scolaire est le processus
par lequel un pays prévoit à court, moyen et à long terme les objectifs à
atteindre dans tout le domaine de la vie nationale et met les moyens adéquats
pour atteindre les objectifs ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La création d’une école, c’est l’acte par
lequel le pouvoir public agrée officiellement une école comme équivalente aux
autres écoles publiques en fonction des critères ci-après : niveau
d’études, la qualification du personnel enseignant et la fréquentation
suffisante de l’établissement pour justifier l’investissement consenti par
l’état ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’enseignement secondaire sera organisé en
conséquence enfin de fournir les étudiants au supérieur ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’enseignement primaire sera unifié sur base
des nouvelles structures, bien que les programmes et structures soient toujours
modérés sur les écoles dites : métropolitaines.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3.1.3. Vagues de reformes<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">De 1960 à 1965, la jeune
République a connu beaucoup de perturbations. Dès 1961, s’annonça une vague de
reforme qui allaient révolutionner le système de l’enseignement hérité de la
colonisation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cette reforme est importante
parce que :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le Congo à besoin de former les cadres pour
remplacer ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Il a besoin d’adapter l’enseignement aux
réalités culturelles et sociales du pays.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Deux reformes eurent lieu à cette époque dont
les principaux acteurs sont l’UNESCO et l’homme politique. Ces deux reforment
(de l’école secondaire et de l’école primaire) tranceront le profil d’un
nouveau type d’homme. Les idées générales de la reforme de 1960 à 1965 sont
consignées dans les réalités ci-après :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Adapter l’enseignement au milieu
congolais ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Unifier la structure et le programme générale
d’un grand nombre de jeunes ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Démocratisation de l’enseignement et <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Former les cadres moyens et supérieurs<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">A.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La reforme de l’enseignement de 1961<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Enseignement primaire</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Une commission de
l’enseignement primaire a été constituée par l’ordonnance <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">n°45 du 24 Avril 1962</b> et avait comme tâche de préparer les
dispositions pratiques de la reforme. La fixation des structures et des
programmes de l’enseignement primaire fut effectivement sanctionnée par <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">l’ordonnance n°174 du 17 Octobre 1962.
Toutes les instructions parurent en 1963 dans une brochure intitulée </b>:
« <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Programme National de
l’Enseignement Primaire</b> »<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Principes adoptés :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’éducation doit être fonctionnelle, adaptée
au niveau de congolais ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le Français est adopté comme langue
d’enseignement à l’école primaire et l’âge d’être est fixé à 6 ans.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Projets de reforme :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">En 1968, le ministre de
l’éducation nommant une commission pour étudier un projet de reforme. Les
orientations communiquées étaient les suivantes : l’enseignement primaire
doit être un instrument uniforme pour préparer tous les jeunes du pays à
accéder aux études secondaires du niveau international. Pour cela, il
faut :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Adopter un programme
unique ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Avoir une structure unique
de 6 ans ayant trois degrés de deux ans ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Etablir un lien étroit entre
milieu et l’école ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Prendre le français comme
langue de l’enseignement au degré supérieur c'est-à-dire 2<sup>ème</sup> et 3<sup>ème</sup>
et la langue congolaise au 1<sup>er</sup> degré.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l27 level1 lfo46; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Enseignement
secondaire<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
reforme fut annoncée par l’ordonnance du 17 Juillet 1961. L’année scolaire
1961-1962 a débuté par la suppression de 6<sup>ème</sup> année modèle et la
remplacée par la 1<sup>ère</sup> année de cycle d’orientation (C.O). C’est la
première promotion de ce programme qui passera aussi le tout premier examen
d’Etat en 1967. Le cycle d’orientation est constitué par deux années
successives communes à tous les enfants. La diversité de sections n’apparaît
qu’à partir de 3<sup>ème</sup> secondaire. Le second cycle comportait :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
sections d’enseignement général (scientifique et littéraire) ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
sections d’enseignement normal avec la formation générale (section
pédagogique) ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
sections d’enseignement professionnel (commercial, technique et agricole).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ces
buts sont :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo49; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Démocratisation de l’enseignement pour tous
les nationaux ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo49; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dispenser un enseignement général du type
humaniste ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo49; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Adapter l’enseignement aux réalités du
pays ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo49; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Lutter contre la spécialisation prématurée et
le caractère trop sélectif du système et<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo49; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Former les cadres techniques moyens et
inférieurs.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l27 level1 lfo46; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Enseignement supérieur et universitaire<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">De 1960 à 1965, il n’y avait
pas de reformes à proprement parlées. Mais les mesures avaient été prises pour
multiplier et diversifier les établissements supérieurs et universitaires
(c’est une innovation).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">En 5 ans, il eut la création
de l’université libre du Congo et d’une dizaine d’établissements supérieurs. On
peut citer :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l26 level1 lfo50; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les écoles normales moyennes (E.N.M) ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l26 level1 lfo50; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’institut national de mine (INM) ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l26 level1 lfo50; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’institut de bâtiments et des travaux
publics (IBTP) ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l26 level1 lfo50; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’institut de l’enseignement médical (ITEM).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pour servir des facteurs multiplicateurs,
la plus part d’entre eux étaient chargés de formation de formateurs.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l27 level1 lfo46; text-align: justify; text-indent: -7.05pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Structure
globale du système d’enseignement de la 1<sup>ère</sup> République<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Démocratique du Congo 1965<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La reforme de l’enseignement
primaire de 1963 instituant une structure unique de 6 ans. Pour l’enseignement
secondaire nous avons :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo51; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cycle d’orientation : 2 ans d’études<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo51; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cycle court (2ans, 4 ans) d’études<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo51; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "viner hand itc"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cycle long (4 ans, 6 ans) d’études<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le cycle court était pour
les élèves moins doués, tandis que les écoles secondaires visaient l’accès aux
études supérieures. Cette structure globale peut être schématisée comme
suit :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
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3<o:p></o:p></div>
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</v:rect><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cette
structure unifiée et diversifiée a permis de scolariser un grand nombre de
jeunes. Mais la reforme de 1961 était trop précipitée, cet état de chise
poussant à un retour pur et simple aux anciennes structures en 1962. Les effets
les plus sensibles de la 1<sup>ère</sup> reforme du système d’enseignement
congolais furent ceux de l’explosion de l’effectif scolaire dans tout le niveau
d’étude. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mais
sur le plan qualitatif, il reste encore beaucoup à faire. Les reformes ont été
imposées à tout le pays sans :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Une expérimentation préalable ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Une évaluation préétablie ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Une diffusion des manuels adaptés au Congo et
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Une préparation du personnel enseignant.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3.2.
SITUATION SCOLAIRE DE LA R.D.CONGO (ZAIRE) 1966-1984<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3.2.1.
Finalité et buts<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les grandes reformes qui
avaient touché profondément es finalités, structures et les programmes furent
celles de 1961-1963. Elles furent aussi complétées par d’autres quand les
besoins se faisaient sentir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3.2.2.
Enseignement primaire<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">De 1961 à 1984, il y a environ six
reformes :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La reforme de 1966 :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Elle se préoccupait de la
finalité des études primaires<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">. La
troisième conférence nationale des responsables tenue en août 1966 fixant deux
finalités :<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Préparer
l’enfant à s’intégrer dans la société et le transformer ;<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Préparer
à la poursuite d’études supérieures.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Elle a aussi recommandé
l’utilisation de la langue congolaise comme instrument de transmission des
connaissances. Mais le programme et la structure restèrent les mêmes que ceux
de la reforme de 1963. Les deux buts visés par les reformes se sont entrés en
contraction, de même l’introduction des langues vernaculaires a posé des
problèmes scolaires sérieux.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
reforme de 1968<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cette
reforme visait :<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
poursuite de la finalité 1966, en modifiant progressivement le programme ;<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
suppression des examens scolaires sauf en fin de cycle primaire enfin d’éviter
la sélection précoce.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Malgré ces bonnes intensions, ce sont les
programmes de 1963 qui ont continué à fonctionner et le système de formation
automatique s’est stoppé de lui-même faute de précision réaliste.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l48 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La reforme de 1974<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Inspiré
par le discours prononcé par le président MOBUTU le 30 novembre et qui
adressant quelques griefs (reproches) au système d’enseignement congolais
(zaïrois) tels que :<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Manque
d’adaptation à la croissance économique ;<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’importance
trop grande accordée diplôme et <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
tendance de tous les jeunes à aller à l’université.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
finalités visées sont :<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Concevoir
un autre système pour développer nos potentialités ;<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Réduction
de l’influence religieuse sur le système scolaire ;<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’instauration
d’un service civique où les travaux agricoles auraient une partie importante.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cette reforme a conduit à la suppression de
l’enseignement national. Les cours de religions furent remplacés par
l’éducation civique et politique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La brusque décision de l’Etatisation de
l’enseignement national avait créé un véritable choc qui désarticulant
profondément le système éducatif congolais (zaïrois) le plongeant dans une
situation de crise qui conduisit à la reforme de 1997.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l48 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La reforme de 1997<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Elle posait sur une convention entre l’Etat
et l’Eglise signée en février 1997 et visait la remise des écoles nationales
aux réseaux confessionnels et libres.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La convention visait à :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Remonter la pente de la crise et de la
dégradation à notre système de l’enseignement ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Redonner priorité aux éléments qui forment
les caractères et la personnalité ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Réorganiser l’infrastructure matérielle et
pédagogique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les seuls changements à intervenir
sont :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La remise des écoles entre la gestion des
églises ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le renforcement de cours de religion,
éducation civique et morale dans l’horaire de l’enseignement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l48 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La reforme de 1979<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Elle avait comme finalité la formation d’un
type d’homme nouveau (congolais) qui devrait <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Etre un acteur principal de développement de
la nation. Bref, il s’agit d’un nouveau type d’homme congolais (Zaïrois)
pratique, utile et utilisable d’où il y a eu l’élaboration d’un nouveau
programme tout en maintenant effectivement les langues congolaises à l’école.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l48 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La reforme de 1980<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cette reforme a eu lieu dont les finalités
étaient :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Conférer à tout cycle d’enseignement une
finalité professionnelle ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dresser une programmation nouvelle de la
formation du maitre ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Améliorer l’enseignement didactique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3.2.3.
L’enseignement secondaire (1966-1984)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Au niveau secondaire, il y a eu plusieurs
reformes de 1966 à 1984.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mais ces reformes n’ont pas produit d’effets
attendus.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1<sup>o</sup> Innovation de 1967 : qui
avait pour but de passer au vote pour la suppression de cycle d’orientation
(C.O)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2<sup>o</sup> Le premier congrès ordinaire du
M.P.R : réuni en 1972 ; ce congrès proposant aussi quelques
changements :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le développement de l’enseignement technique ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’obligation de travail manuel (T.M) à tous
les niveaux d’enseignement ; <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Plus d’examens sélectifs au niveau d primaire
et du C.O ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’étude scientifique de langues congolaises
ainsi que leurs apprentissages à tous les niveaux.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3<sup>o</sup> Discours politique prononcé le
30 Décembre 1973.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ce discours conduit à une série d’innovations
partielles de 1974 à 1979. En 1974, le Bureau Politique affirme la nécessité de
concevoir un autre système d’enseignement propre à développer nos potentielles
autrement orientées vers le développement. Le profil d’un homme<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>former est celui d’un homme productif,
militant du M.P.R.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4<sup>o</sup> La reforme de 1980<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’objectif de cette reforme est la
professionnalisation de l’enseignement secondaire. Mais, le nouveau programme
entrant en application que pendant l’année 1980 à 1981.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dans l’enseignement, on a fixé le but sans
prévoir les moyens :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les programmes des autres années non
prévus ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les enseignants non formés et non
recyclés ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La diffusion des manuels n’a pas eu lieu et <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’horaire n’était pas bien organisé.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Donc, cette reforme a été précipitée et il y
a eu manque d’expérimentation, d’où échec.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">5<sup>o</sup> Le projet de reforme de
1981-1982<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ce projet fut proposé par le comité Central,
qui pour former un jeune, définissant également plusieurs buts :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ouverts à l’acquisition des connaissances
scientifiques techniques tout en ayant l’esprit de recherche ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Un développement intégral et harmonieux de sa
personnalité ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Capable de s’adapter au changement ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A l’esprit de communauté et au sens aigu de
responsabilité ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Orienter vers la valorisation et le respect
d’autrui, des biens communs et de respect humain de soi-même.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cette reforme est le premier qui : <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Etait soumise a l’expérimentation et <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Envisageait la formation et le recyclage des
enseignants et des administrateurs scolaires.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3.2.4.
Enseignement supérieur et universitaire<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La plupart de reformes ne concernaient que
l’enseignement primaire et secondaire et l’enseignement supérieur et
universitaire était touché que d’une façon indirecte dans la considération
générale.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La première reforme de l’enseignement
supérieur et universitaire s’est opérée en 1971. Vers les années 1970,
d’innombrables préjugés négatifs ont conduit à la reforme de l’université.
L’enseignement universitaire avait des lacunes telles que :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’absence d’organisation globale : les
trois universités étant d’inégale importance, l’université de LOVANIUM avait
une supériorité sur les autres suite à :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Son ancienneté(1974) ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ses multiples dons provenant des
organismes ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Son établissement dans la capitale.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’inadéquation entre les fins et les
moyens : l’université forme des cadres supérieurs alors que le pays a
besoins des cadres moyens pour la production et <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le gaspillage des ressources qui était
remarqué à trois niveaux :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le choix des mauvaises infrastructures
matérielles ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’inflation de la bureaucratie universitaire
et <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’utilisation des ressources humaines très
coûteuses.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’ordonnance lois n<sup>o</sup>71/075 du 06
Août 1971 annonçant la reforme qui devrait mettre fin au système d’enseignement
créé d’après le modèle étranger. Donc, on doit adapter l’université aux besoins
réels du pays.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La réaction à toutes ces lacunes est la
création en 1972 de l’UNAZA (Université Nationale du Zaïre). Et les trois
universités deviennent campus universitaires qui regroupent, chacun un certain
nombre de facultés.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les trois campus, les instituts supérieurs
pédagogiques (ISP) et les instituts supérieurs techniques (IST) sont tous
dirigés par un seul conseil d’administration et un rectorat. TSHIBANGU est le
premier recteur ; vers les années 1981, les universités sont reformées,
les trois campus redeviennent les universités autonomes et les institutions
supérieures recouvrent leur autonomie financière, administrative et académique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">CHAPITRE
IV. ADMINISTRATION ET INSPECTION SCOLAIRES<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4.0.
INTRODUCTION<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le concept administration n’est pas une
nouvelle conception. Il existe depuis que les êtres humains travaillent en
groupe. Il est né de souci de l’homme de mettre de l’ordre au sein d’une
organisation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Selon DWIGT WALDO, l’administration est une
sorte d’efforts coopératifs de l’homme, l’effort ayant un degré rationaliste.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Paul LAMBERT défini l’administration comme
étant la pratique efficace de toute technique, méthodes et sciences permettant
d’améliorer le fonctionnement dans le rendement de l’entreprise.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pour Henri FAYOL, administrer au sens large
et précis c’est tout à la fois : prévoir, organiser, commander, coordonner
et contrôler (PROCOCOCO).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Prévoir : c’est établir un plan du
travail et s’appliquer à le réaliser en y apportant de modifications que
l’expérience et les faits nouveaux suggéreront ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Organiser : c’est concevoir la forme à
imposer au groupe pour la bonne organisation à faire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C’est
pratiquer la version du travail et déterminer la hiérarchie ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 72.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo13; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.25pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C’est
garnir le cadre conçu, recruter le personnel, achever de l’instruire en faire
avancer l’élite ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 72.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo13; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.25pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C’est
éliminer les non valeurs tout en garantissant la stabilité de l’ensemble.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Commander : c’est faire entrer en
fonction la machine par la mise en jeu de l’autorité, de la responsabilité, de
l’initiation de la discipline.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le commandement se répartit entre ceux qui
ont de l’autorité u divers degré de la hiérarchie pour obtenir des subordonnées
de meilleur rendement. C’est pour cela, celui qui commande doit :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Avoir une connaissance approfondie de son
personnel (maitriser le psychologie différentielle) ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Eliminer les incapables ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Bien connaître les conventions qui lient
l’entreprises à ses agents ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Donner les bons exemples ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Faire des visites périodiques.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C’est aussi réunir ses principaux
collaborateurs à des conférences où se prépare l’unité. C’est chercher à faire
régner dans le personnel l’activité, l’initiative et le dévouement. Dans ce
cadre FAYOL a limité en six (maximum) le nombre de subordonnées directs au
chef.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Coordonner : c’est faire fonctionner les
relations extra-hiérarchiques des liaisons avec l’extérieur et liaison avec
l’intérieur du corps social<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Contrôler : c’est exercer une
surveillance générale et particulière afin que les activités se déroulent selon
le plan prévu et que les règles dictées soient judicieusement appliquées.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A la lumière de toutes ces définitions, on
peut comprendre que l’administration scolaire est l’ensemble des techniques et
des méthodes mises en œuvre pour fonctionner une organisation scolaire en vue
de la réalité maximale des objectifs poursuivis au sein de cette organisation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4.1.
LA STRUCTURE DE L’ECOLE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La structure d’une organisation définit la
nature de relation des membres et des organes faisant partie de cette
organisation. Cette structure est basée sur des éléments tels que :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Autorité ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Responsable ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Division ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Spécialité et <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Interdépendance.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A l’école, on trouve des membres de
spécialités différentes groupés dans trois catégories de services différentes
mais interdépendants. Ces membres sont :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’administration ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’enseignement et<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le service de soutien à l’enseignement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Chacune de ces entités joue un rôle
spécifique mais tous concourent à un seul objectif à savoir :
l’épanouissement de la personnalité de l’élève. Pour cela :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’administration doit jouer le rôle de la
gestion (cfr. Les cinq verbes fayoliens : PROCOCO) ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’enseignement doit remplir le rôle de
transmission de connaissances et de l’éducation et<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les services de soutien à l’enseignement ou
les services connexes doivent servir à soutenir l’action de l’éducative en
maîtrisant tous les facteurs pouvant faire obstacle à l’acquisition des
connaissances par l’enfant ; on peut citer à cette catégorie par
exemple : service (pédagogique) psychologique, médical, guidance etc.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4.2.
LE PERSONNEL DE L’ECOLE<sup><o:p></o:p></sup></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tous les membres œuvrant dans les différentes
entités de la structure de l’école forment le personnel de l’école. Le rôle de
chacun d’eux est bien défini, mais dans le cadre de cours, nous allons élucider
spécialement le rôle du chef d’établissement et celui de l’enseignement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4.2.1.
Le rôle du chef d’établissement<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Au sein d’une école, le chef d’établissement
joue le rôle de la tête.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C’est lui qui pense, qui fait agir l’intérêt
du corps entier qui est l’école. Le chef d’établissement est un cadre
d’enseignement, une autorité scolaire, un responsable de l’éducation au sein de
son école.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1<sup>o</sup> Il est cadre pare qu’il possède
des larges connaissances techniques, juridiques, administratives, commerciales
susceptibles d’assurer le bon fonctionnement de l’école.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2<sup>o</sup> Il est autorité scolaire parce
qu’il est investi légalement de droit de commander les agents de l’éducation
mis sous surveillance.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3<sup>o</sup> Il est responsable parce qu’il
porte garant des conséquences possibles de l’action éducative qu’il est appelé
à planifier, à faire exécuter et accepté que la réussite ou l’échec de l’acte
entrepris lui incombe. Le chef d’établissement doit accomplir les tâches
administratives et pédagogiques.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Est appelée tâche administrative celle ayant
trait à l’ordre et à la discipline. En tant qu’administratif, le chef
d’établissement tient les documents divers en jour.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">T.P :
Descendez dans une école secondaire et répertoriez tous les documents
administratif. Donnez en les rubriques et leur raison d’être.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Une tâche pédagogique : c’est celle qui
vise le processus Enseignement-Apprentissage, le changement du comportement de
l’éduqué.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le chef d’établissement doit être un très bon
enseignant. Il doit entreprendre des visites des classes pour contrôler les
actes pédagogiques posés par les enseignants et contrôler les comportements des
élèves.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4.2.2.
Le rôle de l’enseignant<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Si l’école est conçue comme un lieu
d’épanouissement de la personnalité de l’enfant, l’enseignant y joue
essentiellement le rôle d’éducateur. C’est-à-dire le rôle de celui qui aide
l’enfant à se développer, à épanouir toutes ses potentialités physiques, intellectuelles,
morales et spirituelles.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ainsi la première qualité qu’on attend de
l’enseignant et la compétence dans les disciplines qu’il est chargé
d’enseigner. Plus l’enfant est jeune, plus il importe de lui proposer les
enseignants compétents qui sont excellents pédagogues et vrais psychologues,
capables de communiquer, d’établir un dialogue constant avec leurs élèves et
capables de veiller à leurs action et de répondre avec exactitude aux questions
qu’ils posent.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Il faudra qu’ils puissent trouver chez leurs
formateurs, non seulement un grand savoir, une vaste culture et un bon
équilibre mais aussi une constante sympathie, une compréhension intelligente et
rassurante de la dignité et de l’honnêteté.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C’est qu’auprès des enseignants, la
compétence ne sera jamais suffisante, il faut également de la bonne moralité.
Le professeur est au contraire, un homme avec tout ce qu’il a et peut avoir
d’humain. Un homme appelé ) assumer plusieurs rôles : il est pédagogue,
communicateur, gestionnaire, catalyseur social, décideur et conseiller.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4.3.
LE CONTROLE DE L’ENSEIGNEMENT<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’école est une institution, qui poursuit les
objectifs fixés au préalable par l’Etat, pour l’intérêt de toute la communauté
nationale. L’Etat édite des instructions et formules de directives et les ,et à
la disposition des écoles. Chaque membre du personnel de l’école doit en ce qui
le concerne utiliser les instructions et les directives de l’Etat dans
l’exercices de ses fonctions.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">CONTROLE
DE L’ENSEIGNEMENT NATIONAL<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les établissements publics ou privés de
l’enseignement sont soumis au contrôle pédagogique, administratif, financier et
médical de l’Etat.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La contrôle dont question est exercé par un
corps des inspecteurs de l’enseignement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le contrôle :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pédagogique porte sur les programmes, les
méthodes d’enseignement et d’évaluation ainsi que sur la valeur pédagogique du
personnel enseignant.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Administratif porte sur les structures, la
gestion du personnel, la tenue des documents administratifs et l’exécution des
instructions du département de tutelle.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Médical concerne notamment la salubrité des
locaux, les conditions d’hygiène, l’état de santé du personnel, des élèves et
des étudiants ainsi que l’application des mesures générales de prévention
sanitaire. Il veille au dépistage d’éventuelles maladies endémiques,
épidémiques et infectieuses. Il ordonne des examens prophylactiques
périodiques.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Toutefois, l’Inspecteur médical peut ordonner
la fermeture temporaire d’un établissement s’il y a risque majeur d’épidémie.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pour s’acquérir de l’utilisation effective à
bonne échéance, des instructions et des directives établies, l’Etat a mis en
place le service d’inspection de l’enseignement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4.3.1.
Bref aperçu historique<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’inspection scolaire au Congo n’est pas un
fruit du hasard. Elle a un passé. C’est un ensemble des circonstances concrètes
et tangibles dans le domaine de l’enseignement congolais, ce qui a abouti à la
création officielle de cette institution. L’inspection de l’enseignement comme
entité organisée a commencé vers Décembre 1929. Avant cette date, l’inspection
se faisait d’une façon sporadique et était l’œuvre de certains chefs
d’établissement et de certains vicariats.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Donc l’inspection des premières écoles entre
1908-1960 était du type religieux et reconnu d’une façon informelle. Entre
temps, l’Etat créant ses écoles (Boma, MAnkanza,…)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le décret du 04 mars 1892 ordonnant d’une
manière philanthropique et religieuse la possibilité d’occuper les enfants
abandonnés dont la tutelle était assurée par l’Etat. Le décret du 03 août 1892
obligeait les missionnaires à se conformer à l’éducation des ces enfants en
suivant le programme de l’Etat ou un autre programme approuvé par le
gouverneur. C’est le début d’une forme d’inspection scolaire officielle.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’inspection publique du Congo dépendait du
département de justice et culture ; d’où les liens entre les missions et
les écoles. Et l’inspection des missions vers 1895 se faisait par les
fonctionnaires de département de la justice. Ces derniers n’étaient pas formés
pour l’inspection scolaire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Donc, l’inspection s’agissait d’un simple
contrôle administratif. Le contrôle des écoles n’étaient pas une activité bien
définie. Elle faisait partie d’un ensemble d’activités de contrôle de
différents postes de l’E.I.C. ces inspections avaient comme mission de vérifier
si l’orientation agricole et professionnelle était présente dans des écoles.
Aucune allusion n’était faite :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A un contrôle pédagogique ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A une action qui viserait l’amélioration de
l’enseignement au Congo.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4.3.2.
Définition des concepts<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dans ce paragraphe, nous allons définir les
termes conseiller pédagogique et inspecteur.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1<sup>o</sup> L’inspecteur :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C’est un envoyé de l’Etat ayant pour rôle
d’examiner le travail accompli pour évaluer leur degré de concordance entre ce
qui a été projeté et ce qui a été fait. Il s’occupe de deux activités
différentes :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le contrôle et la surveillance d’une part
(fonction traditionnelle) et <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’effort de progrès d’autre part (fonction
formelle).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La première activité est complémentaire à la
seconde. D’où les deux principes de FAYOL : la conservation et le
développement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">BREF
HISTORIQUE DE L’INSPECTION<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ENSEIGNEMENT PRIMAIRE<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Après l reforme de 1963 interviendra la
nomination par ordonnance présidentielle (du Président Joseph KASAVUBU) des
premiers inspecteurs nationaux, pour assurer le contrôle pédagogique de notre
système d’enseignement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ENSEIGNEMENT SECONDIRE<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">En 1964, le Ministre de l’éducation fait
appel à 13 cadres nationaux (régents et universitaires) pour (constituer)
former le noyau des inspecteurs de l’enseignement secondaire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">En 1974, l’ordonnance présidentielle de
nomination des inspecteurs de l’enseignement secondaire est signée par le
président de le République.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">En 1976, une nouvelle vague de nomination des
inspecteurs de l’enseignement secondaire a eu lieu par l’ordonnance présidentielle.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">En 1978, la signature de l’ordonnance n<sup>o</sup>78/375
du 06/9/1978 portant création du CORPS DES INSPECTEURS de l’enseignement
primaire et secondaire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">En 1983, l’adoption de l’actuel organigramme
de l’inspection générale et celui de l’inspection régionale par la fonction
publique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La mission principale sera de combattre la
routine et de favoriser de bonnes initiatives.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pour l’Etat, l’inspecteur est le surveillant
technique chargé de mesurer le rendement du travail scolaire et d’éviter les
infractions aux lois. A l’école, il est l’œil et l’oreille de l’Etat.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2<sup>o</sup> le conseiller pédagogique<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dans notre pays, le conseiller pédagogique
est substitut de l’inspecteur, il doit chercher le respect des normes pour
libérer l’enfant, d’où les deux principes de FAYOL :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’autonomie et<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La responsabilité de chef d’établissement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le conseiller pédagogique est ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le chef hiérarchique des enseignants ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le contrôleur de l’Etat ; <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le représentant des familles.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sa mission est :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">D’être éducateur des éducateurs ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">D’observer et de comparer ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">De suggérer, d’inspirer et de protéger.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le conseiller pédagogique doit devenir un
magistrature qui sert ni l’Etat, ni l’individu, ni même la classe mais elle
sert plutôt la justice sociale. Donc, l’Etat confie à nos institutions
d’enseignement une œuvre de justice. Pour cela, l’Etat doit protéger et
surveiller l’éducation en lui procurant des moyens financiers pour son
développement et pour son encadrement pédagogique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">5.3.4.
Documents de l’inspecteur<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les documents du travail de l’inspecteur sont
constitués de différentes fiches des rapports. Les sigles ci-après désignent
ces rapports :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A : Administration interne<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C : contrôle de l’enseignement (avec
module) <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">F : Formation en cours de l’emploi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">E : Evaluation de l’enseignement<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">AO (formule) : tableau synoptique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pour le module 1, c’est-à-dire administration
interne, nous avons huit formules dont deux sans canevas :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A1 : Fiche signalétique<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A2 : Plan trimestriel d’activités<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A3 : Relevé trimestriel d’activités<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A4 : Relevé annuel<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A5 : Constat d’absence<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: center 8.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A6 : Bordereau de
transmission<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A7 : Lettres (sans canevas)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A8 : Rapports d’activités autres (sans
canevas)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Pour
le module 2, c’est-à-dire contrôle de l’enseignement, nous avons huit formules
dont deux sans canevas :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C1 : Premier visite<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C2 : Inspection administrative<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C3 : Inspection pédagogique<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C4 : Inspection financière<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C5 : Inspection d’un adjoint<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C6 : Enquêtes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C7 : Inspection des dossiers (des
élèves)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C8 : Autres activités de contrôle<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pour le module 3, c’est-à-dire formation en
cours d’emploi, nous avons cinq formules dont deux sans canevas.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">F1 : Inspection de la formation<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">F2 : Action de formation<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">F3 : Action d’encadrement (d’un chef
d’établissement d’un enseignant etc…)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">F4 : Outil de formation (ex :
sernafor)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">F5 : Autres activités de formation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pour le module 4, c’est-à-dire évaluation de
l’enseignement (testing), nous avons deux formules. (la pochette avec 23
formules dont six sans canevas).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">E73 : Analyse de fiches d’items<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">E74 : Contrôle de dossiers des
finalités.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4.4.5.
Encadrement des écoles expérimentales<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Par la circulaire N<sup>o</sup>EPS/IG/423/85/2732/79
du 03/Oct./1979 ayant pour tâche et pour objet : « la formation
des sous qualifiés réservée aux inspecteurs reconnaît encore aux inspecteurs du
Congo, de mener front la formation des enseignants ne service et en
collaboration avec les chefs d’établissement scolaire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cet encadrement consiste non seulement à
faire un contrat entre l’inspecteur et l’inspecté, mais cependant il s’étendra
durant l’année scolaire sur l’action systématique. Les réunions pédagogiques
qui se tiennent après les visites d’inspection pédagogiques couvrent aussi cet
encadrement des écoles expérimentales. L’encadrement des écoles expérimentales
par l’inspecteur est une activité importante dans la mise en œuvre de la
reforme scolaire au Congo. La tâche revient essentiellement à l’inspecteur de
l’EPSP plus précisément aux inspecteurs désignés animateurs et encadreurs de
ces écoles. Cet encadrement des écoles expérimentales et la reforme scolaire
s’effectuera par :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Des visites d’inspection administrative<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Des visites d’inspection pédagogique<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l45 level1 lfo17; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Des réunions et des séances de travail, de
concentration regroupant enseignant et chefs d’établissement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cet encadrement par les réunions et séances
du travail, consiste à :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Assurer, conformément à l’arrêté
départemental portant sur les écoles pilotes de la reforme, l’application
expérimental effective du programme scolaire du système scolaire expérimental
décentralisé moyennant le nouveau type de gestion.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l33 level1 lfo18; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Assister par des recommandations et des contrôles,
les chefs d’établissements des écoles pilotes dans la mise en pratique de
directives et enseignements reçus au cours de formation suivie concernant le
domaine de direction.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Fournir aux enseignants des explications,
directives et conseils concernant la prise en charge de leur classe en
référence avec les enseignements reçus en cours de la session de la pédagogie
et de la didactique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l33 level1 lfo18; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Renseigner par des rapports précis issus des
contacts techniques recueillis par des témoins sûrs au sujet du déroulement de
l’évolution de la reforme en cours.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">CHAPITRE
V. LOI CADRE N<sup>o</sup>86-005<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Définition :</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
c’est 1<sup>ère</sup> lois qui règlemente l’organisation et le fonctionnement
de l’enseignement national à tous les niveaux : primaire, secondaire,
professionnel, supérieur, universitaire et recherche scientifique. Voilà
pourquoi elle s’appelle Loi-cadre.<a href="file:///C:/Users/JOSEPH/Documents/COURS_OLS.docx#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Chapitre VI : GESTION D’UNE INSTITUTION SCOLAIRE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Selon
le Than Khoi (1974), l’école peut être considérée comme une entreprise de
production de savoir. Il convient dans ce contexte de commencer d’abord par
définir une entreprise. Celle-ci est considérée comme un lieu où il y a risque,
soit de perdre l’argent, soit si tout semble bien marcher de fructifier au
centuple. Cette notion est donc associée à la notion de risque.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’entreprise
est différente d’un établissement qui possède une unité de production mais ne
dispose pas d’une autonomie suffisante comme une entreprise. Il convient de
noter que dans une usine ou dans un établissement, il existe un double
aspect : la production et la consommation. Ici on peut distinguer des
dirigeants et des tâches à réaliser nécessitant un degré de technicité dans le
sens de production, de financer et d’administration.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">On
peut aussi différencier un établissement d’une firme et d’une société.
L’établissement n’est qu’un cas tout à fait particulier du premier terme. Il
signifie le groupe. L’établissement est à prendre sous la dimension
individuelle et est dirigé par un responsable appelé patron alors qu’une
entreprise au sens de l’école ne peut pas être prise comme une entreprise au
sens large. Car le créateur ne peut pas toujours la diriger sans faire appel
aux personnes spécialistes, aux techniciens pour une bonne gestion.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
notion de gestion est définie comme une simple exécution des affaires
quotidiennes dans une organisation dite entreprise.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Gérer
en un mot c’est administrer les affaires, diriger en tant que responsable
d’affaire d’une autre entreprise. Le gestionnaire est le mandataire, est le
gérant. Ce qui implique tout un ensemble d’acte ayant pour fin de chercher la
cohérence, l’honnêteté, l’efficacité, l’organisation et la prise des décisions
dans l’exercice des fonctions administratives ; pédagogiques voire
financières.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dans
la gestion administrative d’une école, le gérant (directeur ou chef
d’établissement) devra accueillir sans distinction d’origine, de race, de tribu,
de religion et rendre service à tout le monde sans préjugé ni arrière pensée.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">IV.1. LES ASPECTS DE LA GESTION SCOLAIRE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
aspects de cette gestion scolaire comportent plusieurs facettes:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Gestion
pédagogique : le chef d’établissement est le premier responsable de la
gestion pédagogique d’une école. Pour son efficacité, il devra régulièrement
procéder à des visites des classes. Ces visites doivent être bien planifiées et
contrôlées. Cette facette est la partie importante de la gestion dans une école
et il est recommander au chef d’établissement de la privilégier au détriment
des autres facettes ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Gestion
financière : le chef d’établissement est appelé à coordonner les recettes
et les dépenses en tenant compte des objectifs qu’il s’est assigné dans son mode
de gestion. Un rapport sera toujours adressé à la hiérarchie et la tenue du
document comptable (registre financier) est requis pour la gestion d’une
institution scolaire. Un service financier de l’école doit fonctionner sous la
direction du premier responsable surtout en ce qui concerne les entrées et les
sorties des fonds ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Gestion
administrative : l’administrateur scolaire doit être une personne pleine
de dévouement et dotées des capacités nécessaires. Il doit avoir des
connaissances suffisantes pour maintenir la vie de l’entreprise scolaire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">VI. LES ROLES ET LES
TACHES ADMINISTRATIVES D’UN CHEF D’ETABLISSEMENT<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
définition des tâches dans une organisation est un processus essentiel mais il
convient de les structurer en fonction de leur complémentarité et de leur
indépendance, de les hiérarchiser (planifier) car les objectifs de
l’organisation impliquent l’accomplissement des tâches planifiées.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Parmi
toute une panoplie des tâches requises pour l’exercice de fonction de chef
d’établissement, citons celles que nous considérons comme les
principales :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Elaborer l’horaire des cours,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tenir des réunions pédagogiques, administratives et de
parents,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Faire des visites des classes,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tenir la correspondance avec la hiérarchie et la
communauté.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ainsi
donc, il lui est reconnu le rôle d’organisateur, communicateur, évaluateur,
chercheur, formateur.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">VI.2.1. Elaboration
de l’horaire scolaire<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Par
définition, un horaire scolaire est l’instrument essentiel qui indique la
répartition quotidienne et hebdomadaire du travail scolaire. Son importance
réside au fait qu’il permet au personnel enseignant d’arrêter à l’avance le
travail à réaliser. C’est un outil qui sert à planifier les tâches quotidiennes
voire hebdommadaire. Sans ce document l’on est exposé à des tâtonnements et à
des erreurs dans les prestations scolaires.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Son
élaboration nécessite une certaine initiation et la connaissance des règles
pratiques. Il convient de souligner que lors de l’élaboration de l’horaire, le
gestionnaire doit tenir compte de certains facteurs :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le nombre d’heures
prévues au programme national ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Précision en ce qui
concerne le début et la fin des activités journalières ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Facteurs
psychologiques et sanitaires : importance relative de chaque matière,
c'est-à-dire beaucoup d’heures aux branches d’option, les disciplines
nécessitant un effort d’intelligence au début et les autres à la fin, alterner
les cours en fonction de l’attention et de la fatigue des élèves.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Son
avantage est qu’il apporte l’ordre et une bonne succession des activités en
classe. Il introduit la variété et le mouvement, permet donner d’une manière
équilibrée toutes les matières prévues au programme, impose une contrainte
salutaire aux prestations de l’enseignant (ce dernier ne peut plus se donner
uniquement au cours de son choix).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">VI.2.3. Démarche à
suivre dans l’élaboration d’un horaire<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pour
qu’une école fonctionne normalement, elle doit disposer d’un horaire ou des
horaires des cours pour chaque enseignant, le chef d’établissement doit porter
cela à la connaissance des enseignants et des élèves.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’horaire
doit être élaboré à l’avantage des élèves, il doit au maximum utiliser les
enseignants. Dans notre pays, la prestation hebdomadaire d’un enseignant varie
entre 22 heures minimum, 24 heures plus de plus 2 heures de titulariat.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pour
élaborer un horaire, il faut :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Connaître le programmes des cours,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Déterminer le nombre total d’heures de cours pour toutes
les classes,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Déterminer le nombre d’enseignants en temps plein et<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>en temps partiel ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Diviser le total d’heures par le nombre d’heures qu’il
faut pour un enseignant ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Déterminer le nombre des enseignants (à temps
pleins) ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Elaborer un horaire pour chaque enseignant.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ici,
il faut tenir compte de journée de congé (1 jour off). Pour ce faire, il faut
couper plus cartons de différentes couleurs, ainsi que chaque enseignant aura
sa couleur et sur chaque carton sera écrit le nom de l’enseignant et le cours
qu’il dispense.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">NB</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : Ne pas se
plier aux caprices des enseignants, après établissement de l’horaire on remet à
chaque enseignant son horaire, et l’horaire général est affiché ou a moins deux
avant l’ouverture d’année scolaire. Le chef d’établissement invitera ses
enseignants à respecter l’horaire. L’enseignement doit être informé de son
horaire, 48 heures avant son entrée en activité. Les disciplines enseignées en
1<sup>ère</sup> année et en deuxième année secondaire sont partout elles sont
douze.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">NB : Nous
prenons 24 heures pour le maximum d’heures par enseignant puisqu’à ce niveau le
G3 sont qualifiés les heures supplémentaires sont payées par l’école.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Total d’heures :
175 heures + 10 heures de titulariat = 185 heures nombre d’heures au minimum
pour un enseignant = 24 heures. Nombres d’enseignants = 185 heures : 24.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Exemple : Total
général = 141 heures<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4 classes = 4x2
heures titulariat = 8 heures<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">TG = 141 + 8 = 149
heures.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><i
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Arial'><m:r>d</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial'><m:r>'</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
Arial'><m:r>enseignants</m:r><m:r>=</m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
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style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
Arial'><m:r>149 h</m:r><m:r>eures</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
Arial'><m:r>24 h</m:r><m:r>eures</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
Arial'><m:r>=7 </m:r><m:r>unit</m:r><m:r>é</m:r><m:r>s</m:r></span></i></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "calibri" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; position: relative; top: 9.0pt;"><v:shapetype coordsize="21600,21600" filled="f" id="_x0000_t75" o:preferrelative="t" o:spt="75" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" stroked="f">
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</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pour plus d’efficacité, il est souhaitable que le chef
demande le désidérata de chaque enseignant pour la journée off.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">VI.2.2. Correspondance administrative<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Une des tâches essentielles d’un
chef d’établissement est d’assurer la correspondance administrative. D’où la
nécessité de donner quelques orientations pratiques.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Disposition<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Adresse de l’Ets<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Lieu et
date d’expédition<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">N° Réf : …………./……../20……<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Objet :<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A Monsieur le ………………………….<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Monsieur le …………………………………………………..<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nous avons l’honneur<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>de vous informer que le Conseil de l’école
a décidé au cours de sa réunion ordinaire du 14 Septembre 2013 vous attribuer
la charge horaire ci-dessous pour l’année scolaire 2013-2014.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Vous voudriez bien prendre soin de
déposer en deux exemplaires à l’école le cahier de prévision de votre
enseignement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Veuillez agréer, Monsieur
l’enseignant, l’expression de nos sentiments de franche collaboration.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le Chef d’Etablissement<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nom et Post-nom<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">CI : - S/PROV<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Inspool<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cl<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">VI. QUELQUES
REGLES PRATIQUES<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dans la formule d’appel :
Monsieur le …………….. (+ grade de l’intéressé= ne pas écrire la lettre en
utilisant la formule : Cher Monsieur, pour une correspondance
administrative et officielle. Cette formule est employée lorsqu’on a un
lien d’intimité avec la personne. Quant à l’officier supérieur, on écrira,
Mon général, mon Colonel et non Monsieur le Colonel ;<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ol>
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<br /></div>
<ol start="2" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Phrase introductive : on
utilisera la formule suivante : j’ai l’honneur de venir très…………, on
évitera des phrases très longues. S’il faut réserver une réponse à une
lettre administrative, on préfère commencer par rappeler l’objet de la
lettre reçue : en réponse à votre lettre N° du … janvier, relative à
…. J’ai l’honneur de ……….<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ol>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Il existe
d’autres formules introductives :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">J’ai l’honneur
de vous prier de vouloir,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">J’ai l’honneur
de vous faire connaître,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">J’ai l’honneur
de vous faire savoir,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">J’ai l’honneur
de vous exprimer,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’honneur
m’échoit de venir très respectivement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<ol start="3" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Style attestant le respect et
autorité : un supérieur doit utiliser cette formule pour faire
connaître un fait au subalterne ; je vous fais savoir….d, je vous
fais remarquer…., j’appelle votre attention sur ……<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tandis que pour
adresser un document à son subordonné, il écrira : je vous adresse, je
vous envoie, je vous prie de me réserver… je vous transmets…<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Par ailleurs,
s’il veut donner un ordre, il écrira : je décide que…, je désire que vous
… je vous serai obligé de …. ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Quant à
soumettre une proposition au supérieur, le subalterne va écrire :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Je propose que
…, je suggère …, je soumets à votre appréciadtion …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<ol start="4" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Formule de courtoisie de la fin
de la correspondance : ici, la courtoisie, le respect, le dévouement
sont des termes clés mettant fin à une correspondance administrative.
Exemple : je vous prie d’agréer, Monsieur le S/Proved,… ; on
peut aussi recourir aux termes tels que : recevez, veuillez, agréer,
croyez.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">NB : On emploi le terme :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<ul style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Recevez que quand on s’adresse
à un subordonné, on peut le remplacer par : je vous prie….<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Agréer est utilisé entre
égaux ;<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Croyez c’est un terme amical.
On ne peut pas dire : veillez croire, Monsieur à l’expression de mes
sentiments distingués mais on peut écrire : croire à mes sentiments
respectueux ;<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Considération : on adresse
à un supérieur ; veuillez agréer, Monsieur le Proved, l’expression de
ma considération distinguée ou agréer, Monsieur, l’assurance de ma considération
distinguée.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">NB : Ce
concept est d’usage en s’associant au terme accorder (pour les égaux) et
exprimer (pour les supérieurs : exemple : veuillez agréer, Monsieur…,
l’expression de ma considération distinguée) ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<ul style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sentiments : on peut dire,
à mes sentiments affectueux, sentiments cordiaux pour les égaux mais
sentiments respectueux, dévoués pour les supérieurs ;<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dévouement : lorsque l’on
écrit à une personne avec laquelle on a de liens affectueux.
Exemple : veuillez agréer, MR…,d l’expression de mon entier et
respectueux dévouement.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Estime : d’usage
commercial et privé mais rarement employé dans l’administration.
Exemple : vous savez, Monsieur… que toute ma confiance vous est
acquise ainsi que mon estime affectueuse.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Gratitude : c’est un terme
de remerciement à un correspondant ; exemple : veuillez agréer,
Monsieur l’assurance de ma profonde gratitude ;<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Hommage : pour une lettre
destinée au chef de l’Etat, à un souverain.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">VI.2.2.2.2.
REGLES DE PRESENTATION DE LA CORRESPONDANCE ADMINISTRATIVE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ne dactylographiez que sur la
page et non recto verso ;<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Utilisez les interlignes
simples ;<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mettez l’en-tête que sur la
première page ;<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Séparez les paragraphes par une
double interligne ;<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Evitez les ratures et
surcharges ;<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le papier devra être propre et
adapté à la correspondance.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">VI.2.2.3.
TYPOLOGIE DES LETTRES ADMINISTRATIVESD<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">LETTRE D’ACCUSE
DE RECEPTION<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Généralement, la règle est qu’il n’y
ait pas d’accusé de réception pour une lettre à moins que le correspondant la
demande, ou si la réponse nécessite une enquête à réaliser, soit encore s’il y
a réacheminement d’une réponse mal adressé.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">LETTRE DE
TRANSMISSION<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A pour but de faire parvenir un
document ou un dossier à un tiers. On recourt au bordereau de transmission si
la correspondance est importante ou parce que l’on voudrait garder les traces.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">LETTRES DE
REACHEMINEMENT D’UNE CORRESPONDANCE MAL ADRESSEE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C’est quand on reçoit une correspondance destinée à une
autre personne.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">LETTRE D’INFORMATION</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : celle que l’on tient
informer l’autorité ou d’un particulier. Le style est : j’ai l’honneur de
vous rendre compte de ce que… ; ou soit j’ai l’honneur de porter cette
information à votre connaissance….<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">LETTRE DE DEMANDE D’AVIS OU D’INSTRUCTION </span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">:
formule : j’ai l’honneur de vous prier de bien vouloir me faire connaître
la suite à réserver à cette demande.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">LETTRE D’ATTENTE </span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">: je fais des enquêtes sur le sujet
et je ne manquerai pas de vous connaître dès que possible la suite…<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">LETTRE DE PROPOSITION </span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">: elle
nécessite une prise de décision d’où il faudrait que l’on rassemble des
informations importantes capables d’éclairer la décision à prendre.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">LETTRE DE RAPPEL DE CORRESPONDANCE </span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">:
Exemple : je vous serai gré de vouloir bien donner d’urgence la suite
qu’elle comporte … veuillez agréer…<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Notons qu’il existe deux catégories
des lettres : lettre administratives personnelles (l’individu écrit à
l’administration) et celle qui consiste à un échange entre les services (lettre
administrative ou de service).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">VI.2.2.4.
AUTRES DOCUMENTS ADMINISTRATIFS<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l25 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le procès-verbal</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : c’est le récit précis
d’un exposé fait par une personne compétente. Il est dressé à la demande
d’un chef compétent, par un agent habile de le faire ; exemple :
procès-verbal de remise et reprise.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ol>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le contenu d’un PV<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Un préambule
qui contient l’énoncé de circonstance de temps, des personnes et
d’action ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Un
développement dans lequel sont relatés les faits qui font l’objet du PV ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Une conclusion
indiquant la date, la signature (à droite pour le chef et à gauche pour le
secrétaire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pour ce qui est
des PV des réunions et des séances, les éléments suivants sont les
importants : la nature, la date, le lieu de la réunion, l’heure du début
et de la fin.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l25 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Compte rendu : a pour
mission de porter à la connaissance du chef un incident peu important ou
grave en attendant la rédaction d’un rapport détaillé.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ol>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Il comporte les
étapes suivantes :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Titre :
compte rendu de la réunion du 25 Mars 2013 du Conseil de l’établissement ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Une phrase
liminaire rappelant le lieu, la date, le nom et la qualité de celui qui préside
la réunion, les noms et la qualité des membres présents et absents et excusés.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Exemple :
le quinzième jour du mois de novembre deux mille treize, à 8 heure s’est tenue
la réunion du conseil de l’école sous la président du chef d’établissement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Etaient
présents :………………………………………………………………………<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Etaient
absents :………………………………………………………………………<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l25 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les visiteurs des classes (ce
point ayant des liens avec l’inspection, nous avons jugé propice de
considérer comme faisant de la deuxième partie.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ol>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Chapitre
VII : DOCUMENTS DE LA GESTION D’UNE ECOLE PAR LE CHEF D’ETABLISSEMENT<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">I.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">LA GESTION
ADMINISTRATIVE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.1.
Loi cadre n° 86-05 : </span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C’est un document qui contient les
lois règlementant l’enseignement primaire, secondaire, professionnel,
supérieurs, universitaires et recherche scientifique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.2.
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Instructions
officielles</i></b> : c’est le recueil des instructions officielles ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.3.
Calendriers officiels</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : C’est un document qui détermine le nombre de jours
de classe réparti en période, trimestre, semestre et détermine aussi les jours
fériés. C’est le gouvernement qui <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>le met
à la disposition des écoles.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">.4. Règlement intérieur</i> : </span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C’est un
document que chaque école doit élaborer en tenant compte des réalités du
milieu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.5.
Dossier</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> :
voir si tous les dossiers existent.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.6.
Acte juridique</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : Document officiel justifiant ou autorisant
l’existence et le fonctionnement d’une école : Arrêté d’agrément ou titre
de propreté.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.7.
Remise et reprise</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : c’est un document de passation de pouvoir entre deux
chefs d’établissement ; entrant et sortant.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.8.
Inventaire</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> :
ici on voit l’inventaire du patrimoine de l’école ; c'est-à-dire tous les
biens, équipements, immobiliers, mobiliers, technique et autres,…<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.9. Note de
service</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> :
Concerne la communication aux enseignants et leur prise de connaissance.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.10. Affichage</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : Concerne
le système et un lien d’affichage.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.11. Courrier</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : indique
les courriers reçus et expédiés ainsi que leur classement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.12. Rapports
administratifs</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> :
Classement des rapports de la rentrée et de fin d’année, trimestriel,
semestriel.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.13. Rapports
des réunions</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> :
concerne les PV de toutes les réunions tenues à l’école.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.14. Assurance
scolaire</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> :
C’est un document qui stipule l’assurance des élèves et des enseignants à la
SONAS avec les pièces justificatives des paiements des frais.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.15.
Palmarès</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> :
concerne les résultats de toute l’école et cela doit être transmis à la
hiérarchie et aussi parfois échanges avec d’autres écoles.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.16.
Dossiers médical</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : est un registre pour les cas spécifiques des
maladies des élèves.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.17.
Inspection administrative</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : contient les rapports des
inspections administratives.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.18.
Mise en place du personnel</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : C’est un document élaboré en
faveur des enseignants effectifs ; cela doit être classé et expédiée à la
hiérarchie.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.19.
Dossier individuel du personnel</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : chaque personnel doit en
avoir et aussi bien classe.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.20.
Attribution du personnel</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : c’est un système de la
décentralisation du pouvoir faisant que chacun s’occupe de sa tâche.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.21.
Absence du personnel</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : Toute absence motivée ou non motivée doit être
signifiée dans ce document.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.22.
Registre d’inscription</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : C’est un document pour tout élève qui s’inscrit dans
une année scolaire dans une école.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.23.
Registre matricule</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : C’est un document qui prévoit un numéro d’ordre à
tout élève et la date de sortie.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.24.
Dossiers individuels écoliers/élèves</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : chaque élève doit avoir un
dossier complet et classé au bureau.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.25.
Fichiers</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> :
sont des petites boîtes chacune par classe contenant des fiches de
renseignement de chaque élève.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.26.
Liste par classe</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : Existe dès le premier jour de la rentrée.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.27.
Registre d’appel</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : Pour le personnel et par classe pour les élèves et
aussi les moyennes de présences qui doivent être calculées.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.28.
Conseil de discipline</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : Document qui contient toutes les procédures du
redressement de la conduite des élèves.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.29.
Retenu, exclusion, absence</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : C’est un registre pour
chaque cas et signifier le motif.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">30.
PV de délibération</i></b> : ayant trait à la délibération et signé par
tous les participants.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.31.
Copies des bulletins</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : sont des bulletins brouillons qui doivent être bien
classés.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.32. Emission
de titre : c’est un registre pour délibérer les certificats ou diplôme aux
lauréats.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.33. Retrait
des pièces : au cas de changement d’une école à l’autre.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.34. Prévision
budgétaire : document qui concerne les estimations des recettes et
dépenses.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.35. Perception
des contributions : conforme aux instructions officielles et les
différents taux.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.36. Autres
recettes : Document pour d’autres sources des recettes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.37. Versements
imposés : voir le livre de caisse et pièces justificatives.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.38.
Stagiaire : c’est un registre de prestation des stagiaires : leurs
notes d’affectations, leurs cotations, suivie.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.39. Paiement
du personnel : C’est une liste de paie, montant et signatures des
bénéficiaires.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.40. Rapports
comptables : Doivent être élaborés avec beaucoup plus des soins et pour
expédition à la hiérarchie.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.41. Gestion
financière : ceci concerne le niveau des dépenses.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.42. Gestion
comptable : Document qui concerne l’uniformité correcte des écritures dans
le livre de caisse (sans rature ni surcharge).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.43.
Autofinancement : Concerne les ressources qui font entrer les recettes à
l’école à part les frais reconnus officiellement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.44. Plan
d’opération : planification des activités d’une manière hebdomadaire,
mensuelle ou annuelle.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.45. Agenda ou
journal d’activité : Il est en même titre pour un Chef d’établissement
comme le journal de classe pour un enseignant.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.46. Ordre et
classement : autorise à l’inspecteur de voir si les documents sont classés
en ordre.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.47. Esprit de
collaboration : concerne la décentralisation des tâches par le chef
d’établissement envers ses collaborateurs.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.48. Assiduité
du personnel : concerne la prestation des enseignants et était de service.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.49. Discipline
des écoles : vise l’atmosphère et l’ambiance générale de travail.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.50. Port de
l’uniforme : à observer pendant le rassemblement aux activités matinales.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.51. Relation
avec autorités politiques : voir les correspondances, conflits, contacts.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.52. Relation
avec autorités administratives : vise le degré de collaboration envers les
inspecteurs, coordinateur, sous proved etc., et le chef d’établissement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.53. Relation
avec les collègues : concerne la relation avec les autres collègues chefs
d’établissements.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.54. Relation
avec les parents : cela se remarque à partir des PV des réunions des
assemblées générales, les cahiers de communication,…<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.55. Recueil
des visiteurs : les billets des visites, livres d’or ou avis du visiteur,
les billets d’audience, constituent ce document.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.56.
Ponctualité : des registres des présences et autres documents.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.57.
Disponibilité : le chef arrive le premier et quitte le dernier à l’école.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.58.
Responsabilité : elle concerne la réalisation des différentes activités
prévues dans son plan d’activité.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.59.
Imagination constructive : le chef d’établissement doit avoir l’esprit de
créativité ou d’initiative.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.60. Sens du
commandement : vise comment le chef d’établissement donne les ordres.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II. GESTION DE
LA PEDAGOGIE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.1.
Programmes : chaque cours inscrit au programme doit en avoir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.2.
Instructions officielles : les différentes circulaires ministérielles
représentées par l’autorité locale.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.3.
Revue inspecteur : sont exploitées si elles existent.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.4.
Revue inspecteur : (vois p. 3).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.5.
Semaine de la rentrée : consiste à organiser les réunions de la rentrée
avec les enseignants.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.6.
Prévisions des matières : sont élaborées en, conformité avec le programme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.7.
Attribution des enseignants : chaque enseignant avec une portion de
responsabilité selon leurs capacités.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.8.
Horaire : élaboré en conformité avec le programme et en respectant les
heures par discipline.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.9.
Listes des manuels : Le répertoire des manuels utilisés par les élèves et
par les enseignants.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.10.
Liste des matériels : en rapport avec ceux qui existent.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.11.
Sujets devoirs/interrogation : cahier de question-réponse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.12.
Copies devoirs/interrogation : Se conservent pour les recours des élèves
et certains parents.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.13.
Questions d’examen : Sont puisées dans le p.11 ; c’est la banque des
questions.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.14.
Copies d’examen : sont conservées pour une éventuelle réclamation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.15.
Inspection pédagogique : farde spécifique pour classer les copies
d’inspection pédagogique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.16.
Activité parascolaire : Plan de jeux organisés, cultures, théâtres…<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.17.
Cellule de base de formation : construction des unités pédagogiques.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.18.
Réunion pédagogique : classement des PV des réunions pédagogiques et les
thèmes développés.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.19.
Conseils de maître de classe : les maîtres des mêmes classes et les
professeurs de même discipline peuvent se réunir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.20.
Contrôle des documents : le chef d’établissement contrôle les documents
des élèves, des maîtres, des professeurs des disciplines.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.21.
Visites des classes : classement des copies des visites des classes par
semaine, par mois, …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.22.
leçon de démonstration : c’est une commission organisée par les unités
pédagogiques.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.23.
Encadrement des sous-qualifiés : le C.E insiste sur les aspects
méthodologiques et pédagogiques.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.24.
Formation continue des qualifiés : les stages et séminaires de formation
sont visés.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.25.
Outils de formations : consistent à l’exploitation des documents pour une
bonne évolution des matières.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.26.
Inspection de formation : Farde pour classer cette inspection de
formation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.27.
Discipline de travail : est une circulaire des répartitions des travaux.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.28.
Esprit de collégialité : vise la collaboration entre les qualifiés et les
sous-qualifiés.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.29.
Imagination pédagogique : fabrication des matériels pour former les
écoliers, suggestions des innovations.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.30.
Valeur pédagogique des sanctions imposées : on voit la valeur des
performances des apprenants.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.31.
Objectivité de l’évaluation : les notes attribuées aux élèves doivent être
méritoires. La réussite ou l’échec dépendent de certains critères.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.32.
Adéquation de l’orientation : Les élèves sont orientés en fonction de leur
performance.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.33.
Rendement interne : concerne les résultats des efforts communs des
enseignants et enseignés.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.34.
Rayonnement externe : la répartition de l’école, son attrait dans le
milieu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.35.
Développement communautaire : l’action d’éducation et d’instruction doit
contribuer au milieu où est implantée l’école.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">CONCLUSION<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">S’il y a une question fondamentale
que les responsables d’un système scolaire au niveau national ou provincial
peuvent se poser, c’est celle de la finalité comme objectif à atteindre dans un
système scolaire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Si les pouvoirs organisateurs
conçoivent l’organisation scolaire en termes de maximisation et de croissance
immédiate, ils se trompent car tout système scolaire, comme toute entreprise
consomme des ressources, d’où il est un des secteurs les plus couteux de
l’administration publique et dont les effets sont à long et moyen terme,
rarement immédiat. Notre système scolaire ne peut être moins bien géré que
n’importe quelle organisation moins utile pour le développement du pays.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’éducation peut être considérée,
dans son ensemble, comme un modèle d’interactions de trois grandes
composantes : l’enseignant, l’apprenant et la matière. Le tout se trouvant
dans un environnement. L’inspecteur, cet encadreur, ce contrôleur et conseiller
devra être bien informé de la mission qui l’attend, de sa responsabilité envers
le pays, envers les parents des apprenants, sans oublier les enseignants dont
il est le conseiller attiré. Les exigences de la complexité de formation et la
dimension éducative qui caractérise notre système scolaire demande un système
de gestion saine de nos établissements scolaires et exige une inspection
adéquate et de bon aloi (de bonne réputation).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Education avant tout, l’inspecteur
scolaire doit connaître l’enfant, la vie scolaire, le travail de l’enseignant,
les finalités et objectifs, bref il doit connaître l’enseignement à fond.
Fonctionnaire, représentant de l’Etat et mandaté pour surveiller l’éducation et
l’instruction donnée dans nos écoles et instituts d’enseignement, l’inspecteur
congolais doit bien connaître les rouages de son administration et les techniques
fondamentales de l’inspection scolaire. C’est pourquoi pour dominer avec
assurance les problèmes que posent les enseignants tout au long de leur
carrière, nous demandons que l’inspecteur congolais possède une solide
formation complète, entretenue et développée par une étude et une lecture
assidues, des contacts enrichissements et de multiples activités culturelles.
Tout cela suppose de la part de l’inspecteur des qualités d’homme, d’éducateur
et de chef. En ayant une formation professionnelle poussée qui en fait un grand
spécialiste de questions scolaires, bien comprise dans notre pays, l’inspection
scolaire congolaise pourra devenir un des facteurs de succès et de progrès de notre
système scolaire.</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///C:/Users/JOSEPH/Documents/COURS_OLS.docx#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>
Guide de l’inspecteur itinérant de l’EPSP, Kivu-PRESSE, BUKAVU, 2003, p.23.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<div class="blogger-post-footer">Admin Joseph Akhudi</div>Joseph Akhudi Duduhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01126680684409664323noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1250208101143042235.post-20842077738393244622019-07-13T03:46:00.001-07:002019-07-13T03:46:23.112-07:00Le cours d’organisation et législation scolaire en RDC <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo19; text-align: center; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><br /></span></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo19; text-align: center; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">mes dames et messieurs nous sommes très heureux de vous présenter la synthèse d'un cours conçu dans le cadre de la pédagogie appliquée </span></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><br /></span></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><br /></span></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><br /></span></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo19; text-align: center; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">00.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">INTRODUCTION<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo19; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">01.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">OBJECTIFS<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l16 level2 lfo19; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1.0cm;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">01.1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></i></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Finalité
de l’enseignement au Congo<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’enseignement national a
pour finalité la formation harmonieuse de l’homme congolais, citoyen
responsable, utile à lui-même et à la société, capable de promouvoir le
développement du pays et la culture nationale.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’école doit donc former des
citoyens producteurs, créatifs, cultivés, consciencieux, libres et
responsables, ouverts aux valeurs sociales, culturelles et esthétiques,
spirituelles et républiques. La formation de l’homme congolais doit être
totale, cohérente, équilibrée et complète. En d’autres mots, cette formation
intégrale doit tenir compte de savoir-savoir (cognition), savoir-être
(affectivité) et savoir-faire (psychomotricité).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l16 level2 lfo19; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1.0cm;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">01.2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></i></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Objectifs
institutionnels<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Conformément à l’esprit de
la décision n° 09/CC du 8 juin 1981 sur l’enseignement supérieur et
universitaire précisant l’orientation générale de chaque niveau
d’enseignement ; ce cours poursuit comme dans toutes les institutions
supérieures les objectifs assignés à l’ISP-KISANGANI en général, à
savoir :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l30 level1 lfo20; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Assurer la formation des cadres dans le
domaine plus divers, de la vie nationale et pour ce qui nous concerne
Enseignement supérieur pédagogique, à ce titre, les enseignements sont conçus
de manière à favoriser l’éclosion des idées neuves et le développement des
aptitudes professionnelles. Les citoyens ainsi formés doivent être
immédiatement utilisables pour le développement social et économique du
pays ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l30 level1 lfo20; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Organiser la recherche scientifique
fondamentale et appliquée, orientée vers la solution des problèmes spécifiques
au Congo compte tenu néanmoins de l’évolution de la science, des techniques et
de la technologie dans le monde ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l30 level1 lfo20; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Stimuler chez le futur enseignant une prise
de conscience à son rôle d’encadreur politique, de la noblesse de sa mission,
de la dignité de sa personnalité et de l’honneur de sa profession.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Donc, l’Institut Supérieur
Pédagogique a pour finalité deux missions essentielles : d’une part
assurer l’enseignement et la recherche appliquée qui est le soutien même de cet
enseignement et d’autre part souligner la nécessité qu’il y a de déterminer ce
mode d’enseignement approprié ; autrement dit un finaliste de l’ISP est à
la fois éducateur et chercheur qui peut mener des petites enquêtes ponctuelles
et pratiques.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l16 level2 lfo19; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1.0cm;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">01.3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Objectifs généraux du cours<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les objectifs généraux de ce
cours comme ceux des autres cours d’un enseignement supérieur sont à chercher
dans l’organisation et la législation relatives aux études supérieures en RD
Congo. Ce cours vise à :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l30 level1 lfo20; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Initier les étudiants futurs cadres de
l’enseignement aux problèmes de l’organisation et de la législation
scolaires ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l30 level1 lfo20; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Montrer l’importance de l’organisation et de
la législation scolaire sur l plan régional et national ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l30 level1 lfo20; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Relever les aspects historiques,
géographiques et organisationnels de l’enseignement au Congo ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l30 level1 lfo20; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Situer l »organisation et la législation
dans le système scolaire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l16 level2 lfo19; text-align: justify; text-indent: -1.0cm;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">01.4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></i></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Objectifs
spécifiques<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le cours d’organisation et
législation scolaire dispensé à l’intention de l’étudiant de troisième graduat
poursuit quelques objectifs importants. En effet, à la fin de ce cours,
l’étudiant de troisième graduat qui aurait suivi avec attention sera à mesure
de :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l47 level1 lfo21; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sur
le plan du savoir<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l30 level1 lfo20; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Compléter sa formation générale et
spécialisée d’enseignant de très haut niveau par les notions des lois et des
principes de législation ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l30 level1 lfo20; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Définir certains concepts clés tels
que : organisation, législation, arrêté, loi, etc.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l30 level1 lfo20; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Expliquer l’organisation de notre
enseignement dans le temps ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Expliquer et interpréter les lois qui
régissent notre système éducatif de la colonisation à nos jours ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Donner l’utilité de l’étude des lois et leur
source ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Avoir les connaissances approfondies sur la
loi cadre.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span></i><!--[endif]--><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sur
le plan du savoir-faire<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Appliquer les lois qui régissent notre
système éducatif ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Analyser les textes, les arrêtés, les
circulaires préparés pour la bonne marche des secteurs de l’enseignement ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Fournir au niveau de l’école un texte sur le
règlement d’ordre intérieur « ROI ».<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></i><!--[endif]--><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sur
le plan du savoir-être<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Etre sensible aux problèmes qui touchent à
l’organisation et à la législation scolaire ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Etablir des contacts humains avec ceux qui
appliquent et subissent les effets de la loi ou des textes ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Fournir l’aide demandée en matière de
l’organisation scolaire dans la mesure de ses compétences.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Chapitre
I : NOTIONS PRELIMINAIRES<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.1.
DEFINITIONS DES CONCEPTS<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le domaine de la pédagogie
avec les sciences de l’éducation étant vaste et complexe, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">le cours d’organisation er législation scolaire trouve sa place en
sciences de l’éducation dans la pédagogie spéciale</b>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.1.1. Législation scolaire<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">a) Etymologiquement le mot législation vient du <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">latin Legs ferre qui signifie faire des
lois.</b> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">C’est une action d’établir une
loi scolaire ou ensemble des lois scolaires ;<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">b) Formellement, la législation scolaire est l’ensemble
des lois qui règlementent l’enseignement dans un pays, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">son application c’est l’organisation scolaire.<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le
terme lois sous-tend tout texte dont la disposition est susceptible de
s’imposer à tous les citoyens ou à une catégorie de citoyens.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dans notre pays, ce terme englobe :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les lois proprement dites qui est élaborées
et votées par le parlement ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les décrets présidentiels qui sont signés par
le président de la république ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les règlements administratifs qui émanent du
pouvoir exécutif et souvent de <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">l’autorité qui les édite.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">On
distingue :<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
décrets,<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
arrêtés ministériels édités par les ministres,<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
circulaires administratives éditées par les secrétaires</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">c) <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Tous ces textes
présentés dans ce cadre de l’enseignement dans notre pays constituent la
législation scolaire nationale</b>. L’utilité de l’étude de la loi est
capitale. Cette dernière détermine l’organisation et l fonctionnement de
l’enseignement national. Elles servent aussi à protéger le personnel, les biens
et le droit de l’école en tant que l’institution étatique ou privée.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.1.2. Organisation scolaire</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Etymologiquement
le mot organisation vient </span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">d’organium<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u> qui signifie organe,</u></b> une partie
nettement délimitée d’un corps vivant qui renferme une fonction déterminée.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Organiser : est une
action de constituer des structures. Formellement parlant<u>, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">l’organisation scolaire est l’application
de législation scolaire qui constitue sa base.</b></u> C’est la répartition des
choses, tâches, personnes dans l’ensemble de telle sorte qu’il y ait un système
avec les éléments qui favorisent le fonctionnement. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Son importance réside dans le développement économique culturel et
social.<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.2.
SOURCES DE LEGISLATION SCOLAIRE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les sources de législation
scolaire au Congo sont d’ordre :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Colonial</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> :
la constitution belge (application de progrès) ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">National</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> :
la charte coloniale belge de 1908 et les différentes constitutions qui se sont
succédées ainsi que toutes les dispositions prises dans le cadre national pour
réglementer l’enseignement dans notre pays ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">International </span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">: la
charte des Nations-Unies, la déclaration des Nations-Unies, la déclaration de
droit de l’homme et de l’enfant.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Toutes ses sources sont prises
en considération dans les pays indépendants car les normes valent pour tous les
pays et pour tous les enfants. Les caractères des lois cadres sont telle qu’il
y a autant de législations scolaires, qu’il y a autant d’Etats.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.3.
UTILITE DE L’ORGANISATION ET LEGISLATION SCOLAIRE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’organisation et
législation scolaires sont utiles :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Aux
élèves</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">aux parents et
aux enseignants qui doivent <u>connaître leurs devoirs, droits et
obligations ;<o:p></o:p></u></b></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Aux
étudiants qui sont appelés à appliquer les lois scolaires et l’organisation ;<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Aux
chercheurs dans l’étude des buts, des objectifs confrontés aux résultats
scolaires.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Chapitre
II : ORGANISATION ET LEGISLATION SCOLAIRES AVANT L’INDEPENDANCE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2.1.
OLS A L’EPOQUE PRECOLONIALE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’éducation n’a pas de
limite, elle est de tout le temps et existait dans le milieu traditionnel avec
les parents qui procréaient des enfants et s’occupaient de leur éducation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A
partir du 26 Février 1885</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> à la Conférence de Berlin
article six, le roi <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u>LEOPOLD II réussi
à s’approprier du Congo</u></b>. Cette vaste<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>étendue de l’Afrique centrale. Suite à leurs richesses, les pays de
l’Afrique centrale avaient été disputés par les grandes puissances. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Le mécanisme de la colonisation éducative
de roi LEOPOLD II était basé sur :<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La liberté de la navigation,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La prédiction,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La liberté du commerce,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La protection des biens et des personnes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cette politique du roi LEOPOLD II était
soutenue par :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
Jésuites à MULLER</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">qui
avaient comme principe « mettre en valeur l’humanité malgré l’incapacité
du peuple noir, c’est la prédestination providentielle de tien de ce
monde » ;<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
Jules frères</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,
pour ces derniers : « les races supérieures ont un droit vis-à-vis
des races inférieures ».<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Avec méfiances aux
missionnaires non belges, la politique du roi LEOPOLD II en matière d’éducation
était considérée comme l’un des mécanismes pour le développement de ces
pupilles (orphelin de guerre).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Par
décrets et arrêtés royaux, le roi LEOPOLD II organise l’enseignement dans les
colonies du 26 Février 1885, c’est le début de l’éducation </span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">par<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u> les missionnaires</u></b><u>.<o:p></o:p></u></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.1.1. Les colonies scolaires œuvre
humanitaire<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Par
le décret royal du 12 Juillet 1892 modifié par celui du 03 Janvier 1911,</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> le
gouvernement organise les colonies d’enfants indigènes placés sous la tutelle.
A l’Etat, le décret de faire la tutelle des enfants délaissés, abandonnés,
orphelins et à ceux à l’égard desquels les parents ne remplissent pas les
conditions d’entretien et d’éducation. Ces enfants recevaient une éducation et
un enseignement professionnel à la colonie (BOMA ou MWANDA).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dans la colonie scolaire,
les enfants sont logés dans l’internat, nourris et soignés aux frais de l’Etat.
Dès leur entrée à la colonie, tous les enfants sont placés sous la tutelle de
l’Etat ; ils restent soumis aux travaux de l’Etat jusqu’à la 18<sup>ème</sup>
année moyennant l’entretien, la nourriture, le logement et les soins médicaux
gratuits.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’âge d’admission à la
colonie est administré par l’Etat. C’est le médecin membre de la commission
d’admission qui délivre un certificat qui consiste à l’âge approximatif de
l’enfant lorsqu’il n’a pas l’acte de naissance.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le décret du 04 Mars 1892,
va autoriser aux représentants légaux des associations philanthropiques à
accueillir dans leurs colonies agricoles professionnelles les catégories
d’enfants dont la tutelle n’est pas assurée. Celles-ci au nom de l’Etat sur
requête adressée au gouvernement général s’occuperont aussi de ces enfants.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
règlements du gouverneur général du 03/04/1982 est appelé l’organisation
intérieure de colonie d’enfants de l’Etat. L’horaire journalier du travail se
répartit de la manière suivante :<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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militaires ;<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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lecture, écriture, français et exercices religieux ;<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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manuelles et professionnelles.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
colonie scolaire avait comme objectif savoir à la sortie de l’école lire et
écrire une langue indigène et connaître les quatre opérations fondamentales de
l’arithmétique et les théories militaires et administratives.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ces écoles avaient une
allure des écoles militaires avec la présence de l’officier de la force
publique. Les élèves qui étaient destinés au service militaire devraient en
outre avoir assimilé des connaissances théoriques et pratiques requises d’un
sergent de la force publique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
premières colonies scolaires commencèrent à fonctionner effectivement à BOMA et
à MWANDA. Ces écoles appartenaient à l’Etat mais</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> confiées aux congrégations religieuses
pour leur direction.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pour réaliser leur objectif
principal qui est <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">de propager la foi
catholique, les missionnaires font fonder des écoles parallèles aux colonies
scolaires. Il</b> s’agit des colonies agricoles et professionnelles puis de
faire des chapelles qui céderont place aux écoles chapelles plus tard.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">D’autres écoles étaient
fondées pour essayer de satisfaire aux besoins fondamentaux du Congo :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l43 level1 lfo22; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’école
des candidats commis en Février 1906. L’enseignement dure 2 ans faisant suite à
celui donné à la colonie scolaire. L’objectif de cette école était strictement
utilitaire <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">: <u>formation des
auxiliaires et créer une main d’œuvre pour l’administration.<o:p></o:p></u></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l43 level1 lfo22; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Des
écoles professionnelles</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> en juin 1906 à BOMA. Ces écoles étaient
accessibles aux enfants de 12 à 20 ans, la formation était de 2 ans, pratique
et visant directement le métier à acquérir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l43 level1 lfo22; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole professionnelle pour infirmer. La durée
des études était de 3 ans. On insistait sur la connaissance des médicaments les
plus usuels et les notions générales concernant les soins immédiats à
administrer aux malades.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l43 level1 lfo22; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’école d’agriculture de EALA créée en
juillet 1908. Son but était d’initier des enfants aux travaux d’agriculture et
la récolte de caoutchouc. La formation s’étendait sur la durée de 2 ans.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A
partir de 1910, c’est le régime officiel congrégations qui prévalu. Toutes les
charges financières incombaient à l’état mais la direction des écoles
chrétiennes passaient à l’école de congrégation religieuse :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 72.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo23; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les frères des écoles chrétiennes à BOMA et à
KINSHASA en 1910<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les frères de la charité de GAND à LUSAMBO en
1911 et à KABINDA en 1912<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les frères maristes à KINSAGANI, en 1911 et à
KABINDA en 1912<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 72.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo23; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les frères salésiens à LUBUMBASHI EN 1911.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cette passation avait été
sanctionnée par la signature de la première convention entre le Saint Siège et
l’Etat Indépendant du Congo (E.I.C) en 1906.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cette convention donne droit
à chaque établissement d mission dans la mesure de leurs ressources à créer les
écoles où les indigènes devraient recevoir l’instruction. Les programmes
devraient comporter un ensemble de formations professionnelles pratique et
métier. Ces programmes de cours et des études devraient être soumis au
gouverneur général et les branches à enseigner devraient être fixées de commun
accord. L’enseignement des langues nationales Belges devrait faire partie
essentielle.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2.2.
O.L.S A L’EPOQUE COLONIALE DU 18 OCT ?1908 au JUIN 1960<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2.2.1.
Travaux préparatoires<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A cette époque le Congo
n’avait pas encore un statut politique. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">La
politique du Congo Belge en matière d’éducation c’est la liberté de
l’enseignement au Congo Belgique pris possession du Congo,</b> la réalisation
scolaire état minime.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’enseignement donné dans
écoles de l’E.I.C était médiocre, la matière était rudimentaire. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Comme conséquence, il fallait donc mener
des études sérieuses pour partir des bases solides plus larges.</b> C’est ainsi
que le 05 Juillet 1909 un comité consultatif d’enseignement fut crée à BOMA
pour émettre un avis pour tous.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La nécessité de faire mieux
que l’E.I.C poussant la colonie à organiser l’argument des écoles tenues par
émissaires. Cet agrément comportant entre autre l’adoption du programme fixé
par le gouvernement. En matière de l’éducation :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l31 level1 lfo24; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Du point de vue objectif, nous
distinguons deux périodes :<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo25; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La période d’efforts non coordonnés
caractérisés par l’évangélisation et <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo25; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La période de l’enseignement
réglementaire avec l’amélioration graduelle des mais indigènes.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l31 level1 lfo24; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Du point de vue collaboration, il y eut la
liberté de l’enseignement et la collaboration des missionnaires même étrangers
d’où l’importance des partis politiques en matière d’enseignement. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pour
étendre l’enseignement au sein de sa colonie, la Belgique doit choisir le
système de subside aux écoles des missions en imposant à celle-ci un programme
et en les soumettant à un contrôle. D’où la création de nombreuses écoles
officielles. En plus, il n’est plus question de tâtonner de créer les écoles au
hasard sans une organisation d’ensemble pré-établie ni connaissances exactes
des besoins réels.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C’est
ainsi que ces missions scientifiques ont été déployées sur le territoire de la
colonie pour toucher du doigt les réalités locales et proposer des solutions
adéquates. Parmi ces missions retenons les rapports ci-après :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo26; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">LAPHELPS
en Stockes Fund (1921</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C’est
une fondation américaine ayant pour but d’améliorer le logement des familles
pauvres et de favoriser l’éducation des noirs d’Amérique ainsi bien que
l’Afrique. (Grâce) des fonds laissés à sa mort par une noire américaine Miss
Caroline Phelps STOCKES)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo26; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Enquête RENKIN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pendant
la période de 1906 à 1920, l’enseignement au Congo-Belge fait peu de progrès en
raison de première guerre mondiale. Une enquête est alors initiée par monsieur <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">RENKIN ministre de la colonie</b>. Cette
enquête était faite sur les objectifs, les structures, les méthodes et les
programmes scolaires. Il était question de déterminer les besoins réels de la
société et de rechercher le moyen de former rapidement le personnel congolais
qui pouvant valablement remplacer les agents subalternes belges.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A
l’issu de cette enquête commencée en 1916, de très bons projets ont été faits
pour recruter des enseignants, construire les locaux, acheter les fournitures
de classes et matériel d’atelier mais ces projets n’étaient pas réalisés à
cause de la guerre.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo26; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les bureaux permanents du congrès
colonial national.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ces bureaux permanents avaient pour
but :<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
formation de l’élite congolaise<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’imposition
du minerval<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’organisation
scolaire<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo26; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Commission FRANCK<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
crise économique et financière provoqué par la guerre influe négativement sur
le développement de l’école. Les travaux sur l’enseignement restent au stade
préparatoire, en ce qui concerne l’organisation de programme, de type d’écoles
créées le 10 juillet 1922, la commission FRANCK créée et dirigée par FRANCK
alors ministre belge ministre belge de la colonie s’est mise au travail pour
élaborer un enseignement libre du programme subsidié.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les principes suivants président à
l’élaboration du projet :<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nécessité
de l’adaptation de l’enseignement aux milieux indigènes essentiellement
agricoles ;<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nécessité
d’avantager l’éducation par rapport à l’instruction avec la religion chrétienne
en tête du programme et même de l’horaire du cours ;<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nécessité
d’enseigner en langue indigène pour la première formation de l’âme indigène;<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Nécessité de s’orienter vers la collaboration
étroite avec les missions religieuses ;<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nécessité
de créer l’inspection de corps spécialisé de contrôle de l’enseignement ;<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 72.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l32 level1 lfo28; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Développement
des écoles normales pour accroître l’effectif du personnel enseignant
indigène ;<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Veiller
à l’éducation de la femme.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2.2.2.
L’organisation scolaire<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le fascicule intitulé
« Projet de l’organisation de l’enseignement libre du Congo, école avec le
concours de missions de missions nationales », rapports issus des travaux
préparatoires renferme la première réglementation de l’enseignement. Cette
réglementation tient compte de la Charte coloniale qui fixe les objectifs
généraux, le type d’écoles, le programme et l’organisation générale. Les
missions assument la responsabilité des écoles suivant un programme
d’enseignement, un système d’inspection et un barème de subsides arrêté par le
gouvernement général.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Il est à noter que
l’organisation de l’enseignement n’est pas l’œuvre du législateur colonial.
L’intervention du législateur se limite aux notes de crédit budgétaire
attribuées par le parlement belge en Belgique. L’administrateur colonial évite
ainsi d’assurer la formation de la jeunesse congolaise sous prétexte qu’aucun
texte juridique ne l’y oblige. L’administration se contente de diriger
indirectement l’éducation entreprise par les missionnaires dans des écoles
subsidiées.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">En 1945, le socialiste
GODDING, Ministre des colonies fait accepter le principe d’aide financière aux
écoles des missions protestantes. Il instaure en 1946 l’enseignement officiel
laïc pour les enfants blancs<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">. Il faut
attendre 1954 pour voir l’organisation de l’enseignement officiel pour les
enfants congolais. Grâce au Ministre socialiste Auguste BUISSERET, des écoles
pour les enfants congolais ont été créées à Kinshasa à Kisangani, à Kananga, à
Lubumbashi.<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La formation des cadres
moyens et supérieurs, d’une élite intellectuelle nationale n’est pas la chose
la plus rapidement souhaitée. Car la politique coloniale doit éviter de former
trop vite les cadres supérieures qui pourraient être la cause de multiples
ennuis pour administration publique. On le dit couramment à l’époque « <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">pas d’élite, pas d’ennuis ».<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2.2.3 Les programmes scolaires<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’enseignement colonial a
connu des programmes selon les périodes :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Programme de 1929<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ce
programme met l’accent sur le travail manuel<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 54.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo30; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
structure des écoles est repartie de la manière ci-après :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’école
du 1<sup>er</sup> degré confiée au catéchiste ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 54.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo30; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’école
du 2<sup>ème</sup> degré avec 3 ans d’études ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 54.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo30; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’école
spéciale pour la formation des commis et des instituteurs ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 54.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo30; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’école
secondaire et supérieure : le petit et le grand séminaire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’objectif
de ces écoles est</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l38 level1 lfo31; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">De
former les auxiliaires pour l’œuvre de l’évangélisation ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l38 level1 lfo31; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
formation des maîtres par rapport aux élèves de l’école primaire et aux
conditions de vie des enseignants ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 49.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l38 level1 lfo31; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
formation doit s’adapter au milieu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Programme de 1938<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Suite
au progrès constaté dans l’enseignement et au développement quantitatif des
écoles, après neuf ans le programme revu en 1938. C’est ainsi qu’on a
donc :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 2.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l39 level1 lfo33; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole rurale avec une priorité au travail
manuel ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 2.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l39 level1 lfo33; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2<sup>ème</sup> degré primaire jusqu’à 5 ans
d’études, amélioration des conditions de vie par formation suffisante ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 2.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l39 level1 lfo33; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">6<sup>ème</sup> primaire attachée à une
classe spéciale pour les élèves les plus doués ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 2.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l39 level1 lfo33; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les écoles des candidats commis furent
supprimées et remplacées par les écoles moyennes dont le but était de
préparer :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 106.9pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l50 level1 lfo32; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
élèves de l’enseignement professionnel spécialisé ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 106.9pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l50 level1 lfo32; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A la
profession d’employés des bureaux.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l35 level1 lfo29; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Programme de 1941<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ce
programme se caractérise par :<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo35; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’enseignement professionnel technique des
métiers ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo35; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’enseignement agricole.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">On trouve :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l23 level1 lfo34; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’école moyenne agricole et<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l23 level1 lfo34; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">l’école professionnelle agricole.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Il est à noter qu’il y avait
aussi l’enseignement post scolaire qui se donnait après l’enseignement scolaire
non formalisé et l’enseignement extra-scolaire qui se donnait dans de centres
qui n’étaient pas officiellement reconnus et touchaient une catégorie de gens.
On y distinguait :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo37; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le
centre d’enseignement pratique et agricole ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo37; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le cours de perfectionnement et
d’entretien ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo37; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les écoles artisanales et les écoles
techniques.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l49 level1 lfo36; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole gardienne sur deux ans ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l49 level1 lfo36; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole préparatoire 2 ou 3 ans ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l49 level1 lfo36; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole primaire du 1 er degré : 2 ans
pour tous les enfants avec la 3 3<sup>ème</sup> année facultative ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l49 level1 lfo36; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole primaire du 2<sup>éme</sup> ordinaire
avec 5 ans d’études (pour les enfants moins doués) conduisant au certificat qui
donne accès uniquement aux enseignements post-primaire et péri-primaire ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l49 level1 lfo36; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole primaire du 2<sup>ème</sup> degré
sélectionne avec 6 ans d’études pour les enfants doués, le certificat délivré à
l’issu de ce cycle, donne accès à l’enseignement secondaire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
élèves doués qui terminent le 2<sup>ème</sup> degré ordinaire, étaient admis en
6<sup>ème </sup>et 7<sup>ème</sup> préparatoire pour être admis ensuite dans
les secondaires.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’avantage de cette conception
pédagogique</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> est de permettre à chaque élève de choisir
le degré d’enseignement adapté à ses aptitudes intellectuelles et de faciliter
l’alphabétisation de la population en langue locale. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">L’inconvénient</b> est la sortie prématurée après 2 ou 3 ans l’enfant
s’inventait d’avoir accompli un cycle complet ; et suite aux effectifs, la
structure induisait les chercheurs en erreur. Il y avait aussi la complexité
des écoles primaires.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">b) Au niveau de l’enseignement ou
péri-primaire<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">En
terme de réglementation, l’appellation « post-primaire et
péri-primaire » n’équivaut pas au secondaire. Ces termes ne visent que des
écoles à finalité immédiate. La structure se présente comme suit :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole d’apprentissage avec 2 ans d’études
pour la formation des artisans ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole d’auxiliaire avec 2 ans d’études pour
former des clercs de collectivités rurales et des petits commis de
bureaux ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole d’apprentissage pédagogique (E.A.P)
avec 2 ans d’études qui forme l’enseignement pour les écoles rurales de 1<sup>ère</sup>
et 2<sup>ème</sup> primaire ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole ménagère avec 3 ans d’études pour la
formation des épouses des évolués congolais.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo25; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Enseignement
secondaire du cycle court<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dans cette filière on
distingue :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l29 level1 lfo38; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole
professionnelle avec 4 ans d’études qui forme les ouvriers qualités ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l29 level1 lfo38; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole moyenne de garçons avec 4 ans d’études
qui forme les employés subalternes des bureaux ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l29 level1 lfo38; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole de moniteurs (E.M) avec 3 ou 4 ans pour
la formation d’instituteurs ou institutrices du primaire du degré ordinaire
provisoire ou sélectionné ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l29 level1 lfo38; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole moyenne ménagère (E.M) avec 4 ans et
quatre sections d’enseignement secondaire proprement dit avec deux
cycles ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l29 level1 lfo38; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ecole secondaire générale avec 6 ans d’études
préparant à l’enseignement supérieur. Elle comprend deux sections : une
section latine et une section moderne scientifique. Il y avait 3 ans
d’enseignement général et 3 ans d’enseignement spécial qui se donnait au niveau
de la 4<sup>ème</sup> année. Les sections organisées étaient :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo39; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
section générale qui formait les instituteurs pour le degré sélectionné de
l’école primaire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo39; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
section des sciences qui formait les assistants médicaux et agricoles ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo39; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
section administrative et commerciale qui formait les agents du bureau ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo39; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
section de géomètres arpenteurs qui devraient former les géomètres et <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo39; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
section d’éducation physique qui formait les moniteurs d’éducation physique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">d) Enseignement supérieur et universitaire<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pour cet enseignement
supérieur et universitaire, on devrait tout attendre de l’initiative
privée : FORMULAC et CONDULAC et des initiatives des missionnaires
catholiques proposaient au gouvernement Belge la création des institutions
d’enseignement supérieur au Congo. C’est ainsi que l’arrêté royal du 21 Février
1949, le roi belge autorisant l’ouverture de l’université dénommé LOVANIUM
solennelle et historique de la 1<sup>ère</sup> année académique au Congo. Par
son décret du 28 octobre 1955, le roi belge créant l’université officielle du
Congo-belge et du Rwanda Urundi. Cette université ouvre ses portes aux
congolais et aux étrangers à Lubumbashi le 12 octobre 1956. Cette dernière
étant parrainée à l’Université de LIEGE, alors que Lovanium était parrainée par
l’université de LOUIVAIN.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dans chaque université
étaient créées une ou plusieurs écoles préparatoires, pré-université « PREU »
en sigle. Cette classe du régime congolais de 1948. Le certificat délivré aux
lauréats après un an à l’issu du « PREU » donne accès à l’université.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Par défaut du 25 novembre
1958, la loi sur la collation des grades académiques et l’équivalence de diplôme
a été promulgué.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">e) Amendement de la réglementation du
changement de 1948 au programme de 1952. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ces amendements se sont
montrés exigeants vis-à-vis de la qualification du personnel. Il consiste en
ceci :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo40; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Que les missionnaires inspecteurs de l’enseignement
soient qualifiés (posséder au 1<sup>er</sup> niveau de diplôme universitaire)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo40; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Que le professeur de pédagogie et de
psychologie soient licencié ou docteur. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">f) La formulation du Jury Central et la
création des écoles officielles de 1950 à 1954.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Comme conséquence,
l’épiscopat catholique belge se protestant et l’état reculant en donnant un
délai de 5 ans. Mais à cette période il y a eu des événements d’ordre
socio-politique entre les évolués et l’homme blanc et pour calmer l’esprit des
évolués, le gouvernement créant les cartes de mérite civique attribuées aux
évolués.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">En 1952 fut instauré le
système de matriculation c'est-à-dire l’inscription sur le système officiel de
tous les blancs, personnel enseignant et certains noirs y étaient assimilés.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dans le souci d’augmenter le
nombre d’associés de diplômes d’étude secondaire (homologation), les examens
extra-scolaires ont été organisés dans chaque chef lieu de Province. En 1954,
le ministre de colonie BUISSERET instaurant l’enseignement officiel pour les enfants
congolais et c’est le coup d’envoie de ce qu’on appelé la guerre scolaire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">En 1956, les écoles
catholiques créèrent un organisme décentralisé appelé « Bureau des
enseignants catholiques » BC en sigle. Dans la suite, les Protestants et
les Kimbanguistes créèrent aussi les leurs. Tous ces bureaux ont été supprimés
à partir de 1974 et remplacés par les « coordinations nationales des
écoles conventionnées ».<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">En 1958, fut adopté
effectivement le programme métropolitain dans les écoles secondaires
congolaises. Ce programme donnait accès à l’université sans autre formes des
préparations préalables.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Quant aux études
supérieures, juste en 1954, les seules institutions d’enseignement étaient les
grands séminaires. Après la création de l’université de Lovanium et de
Lubumbashi, l’université libre au Congo (ULC) a été créée en 1964 par les
protestants. C’est l’actuelle Université de Kisangani.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">CHAPITRE III. ORGANISATION ET LEGISLATION
SCOLAIRES A L’EPOQUE DE L’INDEPENDANCE<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l35 level2 lfo29; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.3pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.0.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">INTRODUCTION<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La forme est une modification
radicale d’un système éducatif. En appelées EVOLUES. Ces évolués formaient des
associations des anciens élèves qui se transformaient en parti politique qui
formulaient plusieurs revendications entre autres : la reforme de
l’enseignement au Congo.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Malgré les efforts
manifestés durant la colonisation en matière de formation des congolais, le
Congo se trouvait à l’indépendance avec une pénurie des cadres. Les premières
années de l’indépendance ont été marquées par l’absence des cadres formés au
niveau de l’armée, du gouvernement et de l’administration publique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les statistiques de l’UNSCO
montrent qu’au lendemain de l’indépendance, le taux de la scolarisation de
l’enseignement primaire était de 81% au Congo.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le Congo occupait ainsi la 3<sup>ème</sup>
place en Afrique. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Les quelques rares
pays à avoir eu une scolarisation de 100% sont : Congo Brazzaville, Gabon,
Cameroun etc</b>.… par contre, le taux de scolarisation de l’enseignement
secondaire était non significatif et le pays occupait presque la 6<sup>ème</sup>
place parmi les pays francophones c'est-à-dire après le Gabon, le Congo Brazza,
le Madagascar, le Cameroun et le Sénégal. Ainsi, pour 1000 élèves à l’école
secondaire, le Congo ne comptait que 23 seulement…<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Quant à l’enseignement
supérieur, le jour de la proclamation de l’indépendance, le pays ne comptait en
tout que 17 diplômes universitaires et moins de 200 étudiants. Cette situation
a eu comme conséquence absence des cadres et des destinées du pays furent
confiées aux hommes politiques en majeure partie, incapables, incompétents,
ignorant de certains cas et aventuriers.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Devant cette difficulté, les
nouveaux responsables du pays confiant à l’institution scolaire la lourde et
urgente tâche de former et de produire des cadres nationaux dont le jeune pays
a besoin. La priorité fut alors accordée aux enseignants secondaire, supérieur
et universitaire d’où la nécessité absolue de la reforme pour former les
cadres.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3.1. REFORME DE L’ENSEIGNEMENT<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3.1.1. Définition<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Une réforme est un
changement qui porte un jugement des valeurs négatives et qui crée en même
temps les valeurs nouvelles. C’est « la rénovation ». C’est tout
changement causé par une certaine inadéquation entre certains aspects du
système éducatifs et nécessité l’introduction des nouveaux éléments. C’est
l’ « innovation »<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3.1.2. Réorganisation<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’organisation de
l’enseignement d’après les législations de cette période, se trouve dans deux
textes constitutionnels :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La loi fondamentale du 15 Mai 1960 dans son
article 7 ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La constitution de Luluabourg (Kananga) en 1964
dans les articles 33 et 38<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les notions importantes développées dans
ces<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>textes peuvent se résumer dans
ceci :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le droit à l’éducation : c’est un des
droits fondamentaux de la personne humaine consignés dans la déclaration
internationale des droits de l’homme ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La liberté de l’enseignement en ce qui
concerne la liberté de création des écoles, toute personne physique ou morale
disposant des moyens<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>les possibilités
d’ouvrir une école ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’obligation et la gratitude de
l’enseignement ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’enseignement national est un ensemble qui
englobe les établissements organisés par l’état et par les particuliers ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La qualification scolaire est le processus
par lequel un pays prévoit à court, moyen et à long terme les objectifs à
atteindre dans tout le domaine de la vie nationale et met les moyens adéquats
pour atteindre les objectifs ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La création d’une école, c’est l’acte par
lequel le pouvoir public agrée officiellement une école comme équivalente aux
autres écoles publiques en fonction des critères ci-après : niveau
d’études, la qualification du personnel enseignant et la fréquentation
suffisante de l’établissement pour justifier l’investissement consenti par
l’état ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’enseignement secondaire sera organisé en
conséquence enfin de fournir les étudiants au supérieur ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’enseignement primaire sera unifié sur base
des nouvelles structures, bien que les programmes et structures soient toujours
modérés sur les écoles dites : métropolitaines.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3.1.3. Vagues de reformes<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">De 1960 à 1965, la jeune
République a connu beaucoup de perturbations. Dès 1961, s’annonça une vague de
reforme qui allaient révolutionner le système de l’enseignement hérité de la
colonisation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cette reforme est importante
parce que :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le Congo à besoin de former les cadres pour
remplacer ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Il a besoin d’adapter l’enseignement aux
réalités culturelles et sociales du pays.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Deux reformes eurent lieu à cette époque dont
les principaux acteurs sont l’UNESCO et l’homme politique. Ces deux reforment
(de l’école secondaire et de l’école primaire) tranceront le profil d’un
nouveau type d’homme. Les idées générales de la reforme de 1960 à 1965 sont
consignées dans les réalités ci-après :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Adapter l’enseignement au milieu
congolais ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Unifier la structure et le programme générale
d’un grand nombre de jeunes ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Démocratisation de l’enseignement et <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Former les cadres moyens et supérieurs<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">A.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La reforme de l’enseignement de 1961<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Enseignement primaire</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Une commission de
l’enseignement primaire a été constituée par l’ordonnance <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">n°45 du 24 Avril 1962</b> et avait comme tâche de préparer les
dispositions pratiques de la reforme. La fixation des structures et des
programmes de l’enseignement primaire fut effectivement sanctionnée par <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">l’ordonnance n°174 du 17 Octobre 1962.
Toutes les instructions parurent en 1963 dans une brochure intitulée </b>:
« <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Programme National de
l’Enseignement Primaire</b> »<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Principes adoptés :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’éducation doit être fonctionnelle, adaptée
au niveau de congolais ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le Français est adopté comme langue
d’enseignement à l’école primaire et l’âge d’être est fixé à 6 ans.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo47; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Projets de reforme :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">En 1968, le ministre de
l’éducation nommant une commission pour étudier un projet de reforme. Les
orientations communiquées étaient les suivantes : l’enseignement primaire
doit être un instrument uniforme pour préparer tous les jeunes du pays à
accéder aux études secondaires du niveau international. Pour cela, il
faut :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Adopter un programme
unique ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Avoir une structure unique
de 6 ans ayant trois degrés de deux ans ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Etablir un lien étroit entre
milieu et l’école ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Prendre le français comme
langue de l’enseignement au degré supérieur c'est-à-dire 2<sup>ème</sup> et 3<sup>ème</sup>
et la langue congolaise au 1<sup>er</sup> degré.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l27 level1 lfo46; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Enseignement
secondaire<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
reforme fut annoncée par l’ordonnance du 17 Juillet 1961. L’année scolaire
1961-1962 a débuté par la suppression de 6<sup>ème</sup> année modèle et la
remplacée par la 1<sup>ère</sup> année de cycle d’orientation (C.O). C’est la
première promotion de ce programme qui passera aussi le tout premier examen
d’Etat en 1967. Le cycle d’orientation est constitué par deux années
successives communes à tous les enfants. La diversité de sections n’apparaît
qu’à partir de 3<sup>ème</sup> secondaire. Le second cycle comportait :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
sections d’enseignement général (scientifique et littéraire) ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
sections d’enseignement normal avec la formation générale (section
pédagogique) ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
sections d’enseignement professionnel (commercial, technique et agricole).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ces
buts sont :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo49; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Démocratisation de l’enseignement pour tous
les nationaux ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo49; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dispenser un enseignement général du type
humaniste ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo49; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Adapter l’enseignement aux réalités du
pays ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo49; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Lutter contre la spécialisation prématurée et
le caractère trop sélectif du système et<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo49; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Former les cadres techniques moyens et
inférieurs.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l27 level1 lfo46; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Enseignement supérieur et universitaire<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">De 1960 à 1965, il n’y avait
pas de reformes à proprement parlées. Mais les mesures avaient été prises pour
multiplier et diversifier les établissements supérieurs et universitaires
(c’est une innovation).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">En 5 ans, il eut la création
de l’université libre du Congo et d’une dizaine d’établissements supérieurs. On
peut citer :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l26 level1 lfo50; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les écoles normales moyennes (E.N.M) ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l26 level1 lfo50; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’institut national de mine (INM) ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l26 level1 lfo50; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’institut de bâtiments et des travaux
publics (IBTP) ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l26 level1 lfo50; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’institut de l’enseignement médical (ITEM).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pour servir des facteurs multiplicateurs,
la plus part d’entre eux étaient chargés de formation de formateurs.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l27 level1 lfo46; text-align: justify; text-indent: -7.05pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Structure
globale du système d’enseignement de la 1<sup>ère</sup> République<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Démocratique du Congo 1965<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La reforme de l’enseignement
primaire de 1963 instituant une structure unique de 6 ans. Pour l’enseignement
secondaire nous avons :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo51; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cycle d’orientation : 2 ans d’études<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo51; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cycle court (2ans, 4 ans) d’études<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 42.55pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo51; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Viner Hand ITC";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">−<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cycle long (4 ans, 6 ans) d’études<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le cycle court était pour
les élèves moins doués, tandis que les écoles secondaires visaient l’accès aux
études supérieures. Cette structure globale peut être schématisée comme
suit :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
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3<o:p></o:p></div>
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</v:rect><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cette
structure unifiée et diversifiée a permis de scolariser un grand nombre de
jeunes. Mais la reforme de 1961 était trop précipitée, cet état de chise
poussant à un retour pur et simple aux anciennes structures en 1962. Les effets
les plus sensibles de la 1<sup>ère</sup> reforme du système d’enseignement
congolais furent ceux de l’explosion de l’effectif scolaire dans tout le niveau
d’étude. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 382.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mais
sur le plan qualitatif, il reste encore beaucoup à faire. Les reformes ont été
imposées à tout le pays sans :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Une expérimentation préalable ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Une évaluation préétablie ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Une diffusion des manuels adaptés au Congo et
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Une préparation du personnel enseignant.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3.2.
SITUATION SCOLAIRE DE LA R.D.CONGO (ZAIRE) 1966-1984<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3.2.1.
Finalité et buts<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les grandes reformes qui
avaient touché profondément es finalités, structures et les programmes furent
celles de 1961-1963. Elles furent aussi complétées par d’autres quand les
besoins se faisaient sentir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3.2.2.
Enseignement primaire<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">De 1961 à 1984, il y a environ six
reformes :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La reforme de 1966 :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Elle se préoccupait de la
finalité des études primaires<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">. La
troisième conférence nationale des responsables tenue en août 1966 fixant deux
finalités :<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Préparer
l’enfant à s’intégrer dans la société et le transformer ;<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Préparer
à la poursuite d’études supérieures.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Elle a aussi recommandé
l’utilisation de la langue congolaise comme instrument de transmission des
connaissances. Mais le programme et la structure restèrent les mêmes que ceux
de la reforme de 1963. Les deux buts visés par les reformes se sont entrés en
contraction, de même l’introduction des langues vernaculaires a posé des
problèmes scolaires sérieux.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
reforme de 1968<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cette
reforme visait :<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
poursuite de la finalité 1966, en modifiant progressivement le programme ;<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
suppression des examens scolaires sauf en fin de cycle primaire enfin d’éviter
la sélection précoce.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Malgré ces bonnes intensions, ce sont les
programmes de 1963 qui ont continué à fonctionner et le système de formation
automatique s’est stoppé de lui-même faute de précision réaliste.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l48 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La reforme de 1974<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Inspiré
par le discours prononcé par le président MOBUTU le 30 novembre et qui
adressant quelques griefs (reproches) au système d’enseignement congolais
(zaïrois) tels que :<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Manque
d’adaptation à la croissance économique ;<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’importance
trop grande accordée diplôme et <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
tendance de tous les jeunes à aller à l’université.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
finalités visées sont :<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Concevoir
un autre système pour développer nos potentialités ;<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Réduction
de l’influence religieuse sur le système scolaire ;<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’instauration
d’un service civique où les travaux agricoles auraient une partie importante.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cette reforme a conduit à la suppression de
l’enseignement national. Les cours de religions furent remplacés par
l’éducation civique et politique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La brusque décision de l’Etatisation de
l’enseignement national avait créé un véritable choc qui désarticulant
profondément le système éducatif congolais (zaïrois) le plongeant dans une
situation de crise qui conduisit à la reforme de 1997.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l48 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La reforme de 1997<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Elle posait sur une convention entre l’Etat
et l’Eglise signée en février 1997 et visait la remise des écoles nationales
aux réseaux confessionnels et libres.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La convention visait à :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Remonter la pente de la crise et de la
dégradation à notre système de l’enseignement ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Redonner priorité aux éléments qui forment
les caractères et la personnalité ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Réorganiser l’infrastructure matérielle et
pédagogique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les seuls changements à intervenir
sont :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La remise des écoles entre la gestion des
églises ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le renforcement de cours de religion,
éducation civique et morale dans l’horaire de l’enseignement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l48 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La reforme de 1979<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Elle avait comme finalité la formation d’un
type d’homme nouveau (congolais) qui devrait <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Etre un acteur principal de développement de
la nation. Bref, il s’agit d’un nouveau type d’homme congolais (Zaïrois)
pratique, utile et utilisable d’où il y a eu l’élaboration d’un nouveau
programme tout en maintenant effectivement les langues congolaises à l’école.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l48 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La reforme de 1980<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cette reforme a eu lieu dont les finalités
étaient :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Conférer à tout cycle d’enseignement une
finalité professionnelle ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dresser une programmation nouvelle de la
formation du maitre ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Améliorer l’enseignement didactique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3.2.3.
L’enseignement secondaire (1966-1984)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Au niveau secondaire, il y a eu plusieurs
reformes de 1966 à 1984.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mais ces reformes n’ont pas produit d’effets
attendus.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1<sup>o</sup> Innovation de 1967 : qui
avait pour but de passer au vote pour la suppression de cycle d’orientation
(C.O)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2<sup>o</sup> Le premier congrès ordinaire du
M.P.R : réuni en 1972 ; ce congrès proposant aussi quelques
changements :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le développement de l’enseignement technique ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’obligation de travail manuel (T.M) à tous
les niveaux d’enseignement ; <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Plus d’examens sélectifs au niveau d primaire
et du C.O ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’étude scientifique de langues congolaises
ainsi que leurs apprentissages à tous les niveaux.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3<sup>o</sup> Discours politique prononcé le
30 Décembre 1973.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ce discours conduit à une série d’innovations
partielles de 1974 à 1979. En 1974, le Bureau Politique affirme la nécessité de
concevoir un autre système d’enseignement propre à développer nos potentielles
autrement orientées vers le développement. Le profil d’un homme<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>former est celui d’un homme productif,
militant du M.P.R.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4<sup>o</sup> La reforme de 1980<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’objectif de cette reforme est la
professionnalisation de l’enseignement secondaire. Mais, le nouveau programme
entrant en application que pendant l’année 1980 à 1981.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dans l’enseignement, on a fixé le but sans
prévoir les moyens :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les programmes des autres années non
prévus ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les enseignants non formés et non
recyclés ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La diffusion des manuels n’a pas eu lieu et <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’horaire n’était pas bien organisé.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Donc, cette reforme a été précipitée et il y
a eu manque d’expérimentation, d’où échec.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">5<sup>o</sup> Le projet de reforme de
1981-1982<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ce projet fut proposé par le comité Central,
qui pour former un jeune, définissant également plusieurs buts :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ouverts à l’acquisition des connaissances
scientifiques techniques tout en ayant l’esprit de recherche ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Un développement intégral et harmonieux de sa
personnalité ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Capable de s’adapter au changement ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A l’esprit de communauté et au sens aigu de
responsabilité ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Orienter vers la valorisation et le respect
d’autrui, des biens communs et de respect humain de soi-même.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cette reforme est le premier qui : <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Etait soumise a l’expérimentation et <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Envisageait la formation et le recyclage des
enseignants et des administrateurs scolaires.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3.2.4.
Enseignement supérieur et universitaire<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La plupart de reformes ne concernaient que
l’enseignement primaire et secondaire et l’enseignement supérieur et
universitaire était touché que d’une façon indirecte dans la considération
générale.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La première reforme de l’enseignement
supérieur et universitaire s’est opérée en 1971. Vers les années 1970,
d’innombrables préjugés négatifs ont conduit à la reforme de l’université.
L’enseignement universitaire avait des lacunes telles que :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’absence d’organisation globale : les
trois universités étant d’inégale importance, l’université de LOVANIUM avait
une supériorité sur les autres suite à :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Son ancienneté(1974) ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ses multiples dons provenant des
organismes ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Son établissement dans la capitale.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’inadéquation entre les fins et les
moyens : l’université forme des cadres supérieurs alors que le pays a
besoins des cadres moyens pour la production et <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le gaspillage des ressources qui était
remarqué à trois niveaux :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le choix des mauvaises infrastructures
matérielles ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’inflation de la bureaucratie universitaire
et <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’utilisation des ressources humaines très
coûteuses.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’ordonnance lois n<sup>o</sup>71/075 du 06
Août 1971 annonçant la reforme qui devrait mettre fin au système d’enseignement
créé d’après le modèle étranger. Donc, on doit adapter l’université aux besoins
réels du pays.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La réaction à toutes ces lacunes est la
création en 1972 de l’UNAZA (Université Nationale du Zaïre). Et les trois
universités deviennent campus universitaires qui regroupent, chacun un certain
nombre de facultés.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les trois campus, les instituts supérieurs
pédagogiques (ISP) et les instituts supérieurs techniques (IST) sont tous
dirigés par un seul conseil d’administration et un rectorat. TSHIBANGU est le
premier recteur ; vers les années 1981, les universités sont reformées,
les trois campus redeviennent les universités autonomes et les institutions
supérieures recouvrent leur autonomie financière, administrative et académique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">CHAPITRE
IV. ADMINISTRATION ET INSPECTION SCOLAIRES<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4.0.
INTRODUCTION<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le concept administration n’est pas une
nouvelle conception. Il existe depuis que les êtres humains travaillent en
groupe. Il est né de souci de l’homme de mettre de l’ordre au sein d’une
organisation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Selon DWIGT WALDO, l’administration est une
sorte d’efforts coopératifs de l’homme, l’effort ayant un degré rationaliste.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Paul LAMBERT défini l’administration comme
étant la pratique efficace de toute technique, méthodes et sciences permettant
d’améliorer le fonctionnement dans le rendement de l’entreprise.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pour Henri FAYOL, administrer au sens large
et précis c’est tout à la fois : prévoir, organiser, commander, coordonner
et contrôler (PROCOCOCO).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Prévoir : c’est établir un plan du
travail et s’appliquer à le réaliser en y apportant de modifications que
l’expérience et les faits nouveaux suggéreront ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Organiser : c’est concevoir la forme à
imposer au groupe pour la bonne organisation à faire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C’est
pratiquer la version du travail et déterminer la hiérarchie ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C’est
garnir le cadre conçu, recruter le personnel, achever de l’instruire en faire
avancer l’élite ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 72.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo13; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.25pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C’est
éliminer les non valeurs tout en garantissant la stabilité de l’ensemble.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Commander : c’est faire entrer en
fonction la machine par la mise en jeu de l’autorité, de la responsabilité, de
l’initiation de la discipline.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le commandement se répartit entre ceux qui
ont de l’autorité u divers degré de la hiérarchie pour obtenir des subordonnées
de meilleur rendement. C’est pour cela, celui qui commande doit :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Avoir une connaissance approfondie de son
personnel (maitriser le psychologie différentielle) ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Eliminer les incapables ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Bien connaître les conventions qui lient
l’entreprises à ses agents ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Donner les bons exemples ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Faire des visites périodiques.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C’est aussi réunir ses principaux
collaborateurs à des conférences où se prépare l’unité. C’est chercher à faire
régner dans le personnel l’activité, l’initiative et le dévouement. Dans ce
cadre FAYOL a limité en six (maximum) le nombre de subordonnées directs au
chef.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Coordonner : c’est faire fonctionner les
relations extra-hiérarchiques des liaisons avec l’extérieur et liaison avec
l’intérieur du corps social<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Contrôler : c’est exercer une
surveillance générale et particulière afin que les activités se déroulent selon
le plan prévu et que les règles dictées soient judicieusement appliquées.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A la lumière de toutes ces définitions, on
peut comprendre que l’administration scolaire est l’ensemble des techniques et
des méthodes mises en œuvre pour fonctionner une organisation scolaire en vue
de la réalité maximale des objectifs poursuivis au sein de cette organisation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4.1.
LA STRUCTURE DE L’ECOLE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La structure d’une organisation définit la
nature de relation des membres et des organes faisant partie de cette
organisation. Cette structure est basée sur des éléments tels que :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Autorité ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Responsable ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Division ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Spécialité et <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Interdépendance.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A l’école, on trouve des membres de
spécialités différentes groupés dans trois catégories de services différentes
mais interdépendants. Ces membres sont :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’administration ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’enseignement et<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le service de soutien à l’enseignement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Chacune de ces entités joue un rôle
spécifique mais tous concourent à un seul objectif à savoir :
l’épanouissement de la personnalité de l’élève. Pour cela :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’administration doit jouer le rôle de la
gestion (cfr. Les cinq verbes fayoliens : PROCOCO) ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’enseignement doit remplir le rôle de
transmission de connaissances et de l’éducation et<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les services de soutien à l’enseignement ou
les services connexes doivent servir à soutenir l’action de l’éducative en
maîtrisant tous les facteurs pouvant faire obstacle à l’acquisition des
connaissances par l’enfant ; on peut citer à cette catégorie par
exemple : service (pédagogique) psychologique, médical, guidance etc.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4.2.
LE PERSONNEL DE L’ECOLE<sup><o:p></o:p></sup></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tous les membres œuvrant dans les différentes
entités de la structure de l’école forment le personnel de l’école. Le rôle de
chacun d’eux est bien défini, mais dans le cadre de cours, nous allons élucider
spécialement le rôle du chef d’établissement et celui de l’enseignement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4.2.1.
Le rôle du chef d’établissement<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Au sein d’une école, le chef d’établissement
joue le rôle de la tête.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C’est lui qui pense, qui fait agir l’intérêt
du corps entier qui est l’école. Le chef d’établissement est un cadre
d’enseignement, une autorité scolaire, un responsable de l’éducation au sein de
son école.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1<sup>o</sup> Il est cadre pare qu’il possède
des larges connaissances techniques, juridiques, administratives, commerciales
susceptibles d’assurer le bon fonctionnement de l’école.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2<sup>o</sup> Il est autorité scolaire parce
qu’il est investi légalement de droit de commander les agents de l’éducation
mis sous surveillance.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3<sup>o</sup> Il est responsable parce qu’il
porte garant des conséquences possibles de l’action éducative qu’il est appelé
à planifier, à faire exécuter et accepté que la réussite ou l’échec de l’acte
entrepris lui incombe. Le chef d’établissement doit accomplir les tâches
administratives et pédagogiques.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Est appelée tâche administrative celle ayant
trait à l’ordre et à la discipline. En tant qu’administratif, le chef
d’établissement tient les documents divers en jour.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">T.P :
Descendez dans une école secondaire et répertoriez tous les documents
administratif. Donnez en les rubriques et leur raison d’être.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Une tâche pédagogique : c’est celle qui
vise le processus Enseignement-Apprentissage, le changement du comportement de
l’éduqué.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le chef d’établissement doit être un très bon
enseignant. Il doit entreprendre des visites des classes pour contrôler les
actes pédagogiques posés par les enseignants et contrôler les comportements des
élèves.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4.2.2.
Le rôle de l’enseignant<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Si l’école est conçue comme un lieu
d’épanouissement de la personnalité de l’enfant, l’enseignant y joue
essentiellement le rôle d’éducateur. C’est-à-dire le rôle de celui qui aide
l’enfant à se développer, à épanouir toutes ses potentialités physiques, intellectuelles,
morales et spirituelles.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ainsi la première qualité qu’on attend de
l’enseignant et la compétence dans les disciplines qu’il est chargé
d’enseigner. Plus l’enfant est jeune, plus il importe de lui proposer les
enseignants compétents qui sont excellents pédagogues et vrais psychologues,
capables de communiquer, d’établir un dialogue constant avec leurs élèves et
capables de veiller à leurs action et de répondre avec exactitude aux questions
qu’ils posent.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Il faudra qu’ils puissent trouver chez leurs
formateurs, non seulement un grand savoir, une vaste culture et un bon
équilibre mais aussi une constante sympathie, une compréhension intelligente et
rassurante de la dignité et de l’honnêteté.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C’est qu’auprès des enseignants, la
compétence ne sera jamais suffisante, il faut également de la bonne moralité.
Le professeur est au contraire, un homme avec tout ce qu’il a et peut avoir
d’humain. Un homme appelé ) assumer plusieurs rôles : il est pédagogue,
communicateur, gestionnaire, catalyseur social, décideur et conseiller.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4.3.
LE CONTROLE DE L’ENSEIGNEMENT<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’école est une institution, qui poursuit les
objectifs fixés au préalable par l’Etat, pour l’intérêt de toute la communauté
nationale. L’Etat édite des instructions et formules de directives et les ,et à
la disposition des écoles. Chaque membre du personnel de l’école doit en ce qui
le concerne utiliser les instructions et les directives de l’Etat dans
l’exercices de ses fonctions.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">CONTROLE
DE L’ENSEIGNEMENT NATIONAL<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les établissements publics ou privés de
l’enseignement sont soumis au contrôle pédagogique, administratif, financier et
médical de l’Etat.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La contrôle dont question est exercé par un
corps des inspecteurs de l’enseignement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le contrôle :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pédagogique porte sur les programmes, les
méthodes d’enseignement et d’évaluation ainsi que sur la valeur pédagogique du
personnel enseignant.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Administratif porte sur les structures, la
gestion du personnel, la tenue des documents administratifs et l’exécution des
instructions du département de tutelle.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Médical concerne notamment la salubrité des
locaux, les conditions d’hygiène, l’état de santé du personnel, des élèves et
des étudiants ainsi que l’application des mesures générales de prévention
sanitaire. Il veille au dépistage d’éventuelles maladies endémiques,
épidémiques et infectieuses. Il ordonne des examens prophylactiques
périodiques.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Toutefois, l’Inspecteur médical peut ordonner
la fermeture temporaire d’un établissement s’il y a risque majeur d’épidémie.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pour s’acquérir de l’utilisation effective à
bonne échéance, des instructions et des directives établies, l’Etat a mis en
place le service d’inspection de l’enseignement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4.3.1.
Bref aperçu historique<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’inspection scolaire au Congo n’est pas un
fruit du hasard. Elle a un passé. C’est un ensemble des circonstances concrètes
et tangibles dans le domaine de l’enseignement congolais, ce qui a abouti à la
création officielle de cette institution. L’inspection de l’enseignement comme
entité organisée a commencé vers Décembre 1929. Avant cette date, l’inspection
se faisait d’une façon sporadique et était l’œuvre de certains chefs
d’établissement et de certains vicariats.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Donc l’inspection des premières écoles entre
1908-1960 était du type religieux et reconnu d’une façon informelle. Entre
temps, l’Etat créant ses écoles (Boma, MAnkanza,…)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le décret du 04 mars 1892 ordonnant d’une
manière philanthropique et religieuse la possibilité d’occuper les enfants
abandonnés dont la tutelle était assurée par l’Etat. Le décret du 03 août 1892
obligeait les missionnaires à se conformer à l’éducation des ces enfants en
suivant le programme de l’Etat ou un autre programme approuvé par le
gouverneur. C’est le début d’une forme d’inspection scolaire officielle.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’inspection publique du Congo dépendait du
département de justice et culture ; d’où les liens entre les missions et
les écoles. Et l’inspection des missions vers 1895 se faisait par les
fonctionnaires de département de la justice. Ces derniers n’étaient pas formés
pour l’inspection scolaire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Donc, l’inspection s’agissait d’un simple
contrôle administratif. Le contrôle des écoles n’étaient pas une activité bien
définie. Elle faisait partie d’un ensemble d’activités de contrôle de
différents postes de l’E.I.C. ces inspections avaient comme mission de vérifier
si l’orientation agricole et professionnelle était présente dans des écoles.
Aucune allusion n’était faite :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A un contrôle pédagogique ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A une action qui viserait l’amélioration de
l’enseignement au Congo.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4.3.2.
Définition des concepts<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dans ce paragraphe, nous allons définir les
termes conseiller pédagogique et inspecteur.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1<sup>o</sup> L’inspecteur :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C’est un envoyé de l’Etat ayant pour rôle
d’examiner le travail accompli pour évaluer leur degré de concordance entre ce
qui a été projeté et ce qui a été fait. Il s’occupe de deux activités
différentes :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le contrôle et la surveillance d’une part
(fonction traditionnelle) et <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’effort de progrès d’autre part (fonction
formelle).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La première activité est complémentaire à la
seconde. D’où les deux principes de FAYOL : la conservation et le
développement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">BREF
HISTORIQUE DE L’INSPECTION<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ENSEIGNEMENT PRIMAIRE<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Après l reforme de 1963 interviendra la
nomination par ordonnance présidentielle (du Président Joseph KASAVUBU) des
premiers inspecteurs nationaux, pour assurer le contrôle pédagogique de notre
système d’enseignement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ENSEIGNEMENT SECONDIRE<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">En 1964, le Ministre de l’éducation fait
appel à 13 cadres nationaux (régents et universitaires) pour (constituer)
former le noyau des inspecteurs de l’enseignement secondaire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">En 1974, l’ordonnance présidentielle de
nomination des inspecteurs de l’enseignement secondaire est signée par le
président de le République.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">En 1976, une nouvelle vague de nomination des
inspecteurs de l’enseignement secondaire a eu lieu par l’ordonnance présidentielle.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">En 1978, la signature de l’ordonnance n<sup>o</sup>78/375
du 06/9/1978 portant création du CORPS DES INSPECTEURS de l’enseignement
primaire et secondaire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">En 1983, l’adoption de l’actuel organigramme
de l’inspection générale et celui de l’inspection régionale par la fonction
publique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La mission principale sera de combattre la
routine et de favoriser de bonnes initiatives.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pour l’Etat, l’inspecteur est le surveillant
technique chargé de mesurer le rendement du travail scolaire et d’éviter les
infractions aux lois. A l’école, il est l’œil et l’oreille de l’Etat.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2<sup>o</sup> le conseiller pédagogique<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dans notre pays, le conseiller pédagogique
est substitut de l’inspecteur, il doit chercher le respect des normes pour
libérer l’enfant, d’où les deux principes de FAYOL :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’autonomie et<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La responsabilité de chef d’établissement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le conseiller pédagogique est ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le chef hiérarchique des enseignants ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le contrôleur de l’Etat ; <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le représentant des familles.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sa mission est :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">D’être éducateur des éducateurs ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">D’observer et de comparer ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">De suggérer, d’inspirer et de protéger.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le conseiller pédagogique doit devenir un
magistrature qui sert ni l’Etat, ni l’individu, ni même la classe mais elle
sert plutôt la justice sociale. Donc, l’Etat confie à nos institutions
d’enseignement une œuvre de justice. Pour cela, l’Etat doit protéger et
surveiller l’éducation en lui procurant des moyens financiers pour son
développement et pour son encadrement pédagogique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">5.3.4.
Documents de l’inspecteur<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les documents du travail de l’inspecteur sont
constitués de différentes fiches des rapports. Les sigles ci-après désignent
ces rapports :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A : Administration interne<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C : contrôle de l’enseignement (avec
module) <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">F : Formation en cours de l’emploi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">E : Evaluation de l’enseignement<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">AO (formule) : tableau synoptique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pour le module 1, c’est-à-dire administration
interne, nous avons huit formules dont deux sans canevas :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A1 : Fiche signalétique<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A2 : Plan trimestriel d’activités<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A3 : Relevé trimestriel d’activités<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A4 : Relevé annuel<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A5 : Constat d’absence<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A6 : Bordereau de
transmission<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A7 : Lettres (sans canevas)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A8 : Rapports d’activités autres (sans
canevas)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Pour
le module 2, c’est-à-dire contrôle de l’enseignement, nous avons huit formules
dont deux sans canevas :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C1 : Premier visite<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C2 : Inspection administrative<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C3 : Inspection pédagogique<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C4 : Inspection financière<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C5 : Inspection d’un adjoint<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C6 : Enquêtes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C7 : Inspection des dossiers (des
élèves)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C8 : Autres activités de contrôle<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pour le module 3, c’est-à-dire formation en
cours d’emploi, nous avons cinq formules dont deux sans canevas.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">F1 : Inspection de la formation<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">F2 : Action de formation<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">F3 : Action d’encadrement (d’un chef
d’établissement d’un enseignant etc…)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">F4 : Outil de formation (ex :
sernafor)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">F5 : Autres activités de formation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pour le module 4, c’est-à-dire évaluation de
l’enseignement (testing), nous avons deux formules. (la pochette avec 23
formules dont six sans canevas).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">E73 : Analyse de fiches d’items<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">E74 : Contrôle de dossiers des
finalités.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4.4.5.
Encadrement des écoles expérimentales<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Par la circulaire N<sup>o</sup>EPS/IG/423/85/2732/79
du 03/Oct./1979 ayant pour tâche et pour objet : « la formation
des sous qualifiés réservée aux inspecteurs reconnaît encore aux inspecteurs du
Congo, de mener front la formation des enseignants ne service et en
collaboration avec les chefs d’établissement scolaire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cet encadrement consiste non seulement à
faire un contrat entre l’inspecteur et l’inspecté, mais cependant il s’étendra
durant l’année scolaire sur l’action systématique. Les réunions pédagogiques
qui se tiennent après les visites d’inspection pédagogiques couvrent aussi cet
encadrement des écoles expérimentales. L’encadrement des écoles expérimentales
par l’inspecteur est une activité importante dans la mise en œuvre de la
reforme scolaire au Congo. La tâche revient essentiellement à l’inspecteur de
l’EPSP plus précisément aux inspecteurs désignés animateurs et encadreurs de
ces écoles. Cet encadrement des écoles expérimentales et la reforme scolaire
s’effectuera par :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Des visites d’inspection administrative<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Des visites d’inspection pédagogique<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l45 level1 lfo17; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Des réunions et des séances de travail, de
concentration regroupant enseignant et chefs d’établissement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cet encadrement par les réunions et séances
du travail, consiste à :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Assurer, conformément à l’arrêté
départemental portant sur les écoles pilotes de la reforme, l’application
expérimental effective du programme scolaire du système scolaire expérimental
décentralisé moyennant le nouveau type de gestion.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Assister par des recommandations et des contrôles,
les chefs d’établissements des écoles pilotes dans la mise en pratique de
directives et enseignements reçus au cours de formation suivie concernant le
domaine de direction.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Fournir aux enseignants des explications,
directives et conseils concernant la prise en charge de leur classe en
référence avec les enseignements reçus en cours de la session de la pédagogie
et de la didactique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Renseigner par des rapports précis issus des
contacts techniques recueillis par des témoins sûrs au sujet du déroulement de
l’évolution de la reforme en cours.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">CHAPITRE
V. LOI CADRE N<sup>o</sup>86-005<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Définition :</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
c’est 1<sup>ère</sup> lois qui règlemente l’organisation et le fonctionnement
de l’enseignement national à tous les niveaux : primaire, secondaire,
professionnel, supérieur, universitaire et recherche scientifique. Voilà
pourquoi elle s’appelle Loi-cadre.<a href="file:///C:/Users/JOSEPH/Documents/COURS_OLS.docx#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Chapitre VI : GESTION D’UNE INSTITUTION SCOLAIRE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Selon
le Than Khoi (1974), l’école peut être considérée comme une entreprise de
production de savoir. Il convient dans ce contexte de commencer d’abord par
définir une entreprise. Celle-ci est considérée comme un lieu où il y a risque,
soit de perdre l’argent, soit si tout semble bien marcher de fructifier au
centuple. Cette notion est donc associée à la notion de risque.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">L’entreprise
est différente d’un établissement qui possède une unité de production mais ne
dispose pas d’une autonomie suffisante comme une entreprise. Il convient de
noter que dans une usine ou dans un établissement, il existe un double
aspect : la production et la consommation. Ici on peut distinguer des
dirigeants et des tâches à réaliser nécessitant un degré de technicité dans le
sens de production, de financer et d’administration.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">On
peut aussi différencier un établissement d’une firme et d’une société.
L’établissement n’est qu’un cas tout à fait particulier du premier terme. Il
signifie le groupe. L’établissement est à prendre sous la dimension
individuelle et est dirigé par un responsable appelé patron alors qu’une
entreprise au sens de l’école ne peut pas être prise comme une entreprise au
sens large. Car le créateur ne peut pas toujours la diriger sans faire appel
aux personnes spécialistes, aux techniciens pour une bonne gestion.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">La
notion de gestion est définie comme une simple exécution des affaires
quotidiennes dans une organisation dite entreprise.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Gérer
en un mot c’est administrer les affaires, diriger en tant que responsable
d’affaire d’une autre entreprise. Le gestionnaire est le mandataire, est le
gérant. Ce qui implique tout un ensemble d’acte ayant pour fin de chercher la
cohérence, l’honnêteté, l’efficacité, l’organisation et la prise des décisions
dans l’exercice des fonctions administratives ; pédagogiques voire
financières.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dans
la gestion administrative d’une école, le gérant (directeur ou chef
d’établissement) devra accueillir sans distinction d’origine, de race, de tribu,
de religion et rendre service à tout le monde sans préjugé ni arrière pensée.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">IV.1. LES ASPECTS DE LA GESTION SCOLAIRE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Les
aspects de cette gestion scolaire comportent plusieurs facettes:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Gestion
pédagogique : le chef d’établissement est le premier responsable de la
gestion pédagogique d’une école. Pour son efficacité, il devra régulièrement
procéder à des visites des classes. Ces visites doivent être bien planifiées et
contrôlées. Cette facette est la partie importante de la gestion dans une école
et il est recommander au chef d’établissement de la privilégier au détriment
des autres facettes ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Gestion
financière : le chef d’établissement est appelé à coordonner les recettes
et les dépenses en tenant compte des objectifs qu’il s’est assigné dans son mode
de gestion. Un rapport sera toujours adressé à la hiérarchie et la tenue du
document comptable (registre financier) est requis pour la gestion d’une
institution scolaire. Un service financier de l’école doit fonctionner sous la
direction du premier responsable surtout en ce qui concerne les entrées et les
sorties des fonds ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Gestion
administrative : l’administrateur scolaire doit être une personne pleine
de dévouement et dotées des capacités nécessaires. Il doit avoir des
connaissances suffisantes pour maintenir la vie de l’entreprise scolaire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">VI. LES ROLES ET LES
TACHES ADMINISTRATIVES D’UN CHEF D’ETABLISSEMENT<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">La
définition des tâches dans une organisation est un processus essentiel mais il
convient de les structurer en fonction de leur complémentarité et de leur
indépendance, de les hiérarchiser (planifier) car les objectifs de
l’organisation impliquent l’accomplissement des tâches planifiées.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Parmi
toute une panoplie des tâches requises pour l’exercice de fonction de chef
d’établissement, citons celles que nous considérons comme les
principales :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Elaborer l’horaire des cours,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tenir des réunions pédagogiques, administratives et de
parents,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Faire des visites des classes,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tenir la correspondance avec la hiérarchie et la
communauté.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ainsi
donc, il lui est reconnu le rôle d’organisateur, communicateur, évaluateur,
chercheur, formateur.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">VI.2.1. Elaboration
de l’horaire scolaire<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Par
définition, un horaire scolaire est l’instrument essentiel qui indique la
répartition quotidienne et hebdomadaire du travail scolaire. Son importance
réside au fait qu’il permet au personnel enseignant d’arrêter à l’avance le
travail à réaliser. C’est un outil qui sert à planifier les tâches quotidiennes
voire hebdommadaire. Sans ce document l’on est exposé à des tâtonnements et à
des erreurs dans les prestations scolaires.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Son
élaboration nécessite une certaine initiation et la connaissance des règles
pratiques. Il convient de souligner que lors de l’élaboration de l’horaire, le
gestionnaire doit tenir compte de certains facteurs :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Le nombre d’heures
prévues au programme national ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Précision en ce qui
concerne le début et la fin des activités journalières ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Facteurs
psychologiques et sanitaires : importance relative de chaque matière,
c'est-à-dire beaucoup d’heures aux branches d’option, les disciplines
nécessitant un effort d’intelligence au début et les autres à la fin, alterner
les cours en fonction de l’attention et de la fatigue des élèves.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Son
avantage est qu’il apporte l’ordre et une bonne succession des activités en
classe. Il introduit la variété et le mouvement, permet donner d’une manière
équilibrée toutes les matières prévues au programme, impose une contrainte
salutaire aux prestations de l’enseignant (ce dernier ne peut plus se donner
uniquement au cours de son choix).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">VI.2.3. Démarche à
suivre dans l’élaboration d’un horaire<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pour
qu’une école fonctionne normalement, elle doit disposer d’un horaire ou des
horaires des cours pour chaque enseignant, le chef d’établissement doit porter
cela à la connaissance des enseignants et des élèves.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">L’horaire
doit être élaboré à l’avantage des élèves, il doit au maximum utiliser les
enseignants. Dans notre pays, la prestation hebdomadaire d’un enseignant varie
entre 22 heures minimum, 24 heures plus de plus 2 heures de titulariat.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pour
élaborer un horaire, il faut :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Connaître le programmes des cours,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Déterminer le nombre total d’heures de cours pour toutes
les classes,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Déterminer le nombre d’enseignants en temps plein et<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>en temps partiel ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Diviser le total d’heures par le nombre d’heures qu’il
faut pour un enseignant ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Déterminer le nombre des enseignants (à temps
pleins) ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Elaborer un horaire pour chaque enseignant.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ici,
il faut tenir compte de journée de congé (1 jour off). Pour ce faire, il faut
couper plus cartons de différentes couleurs, ainsi que chaque enseignant aura
sa couleur et sur chaque carton sera écrit le nom de l’enseignant et le cours
qu’il dispense.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">NB</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"> : Ne pas se
plier aux caprices des enseignants, après établissement de l’horaire on remet à
chaque enseignant son horaire, et l’horaire général est affiché ou a moins deux
avant l’ouverture d’année scolaire. Le chef d’établissement invitera ses
enseignants à respecter l’horaire. L’enseignement doit être informé de son
horaire, 48 heures avant son entrée en activité. Les disciplines enseignées en
1<sup>ère</sup> année et en deuxième année secondaire sont partout elles sont
douze.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">NB : Nous
prenons 24 heures pour le maximum d’heures par enseignant puisqu’à ce niveau le
G3 sont qualifiés les heures supplémentaires sont payées par l’école.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Total d’heures :
175 heures + 10 heures de titulariat = 185 heures nombre d’heures au minimum
pour un enseignant = 24 heures. Nombres d’enseignants = 185 heures : 24.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Exemple : Total
général = 141 heures<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">4 classes = 4x2
heures titulariat = 8 heures<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">TG = 141 + 8 = 149
heures.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><i
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Arial'><m:r>enseignants</m:r><m:r>=</m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";
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style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
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style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
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Arial'><m:r>24 h</m:r><m:r>eures</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
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</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pour plus d’efficacité, il est souhaitable que le chef
demande le désidérata de chaque enseignant pour la journée off.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">VI.2.2. Correspondance administrative<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Une des tâches essentielles d’un
chef d’établissement est d’assurer la correspondance administrative. D’où la
nécessité de donner quelques orientations pratiques.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l42 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Disposition<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid black; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid black; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 460.6pt;" valign="top" width="614">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Adresse de l’Ets<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Lieu et
date d’expédition<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">N° Réf : …………./……../20……<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Objet :<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A Monsieur le ………………………….<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Monsieur le …………………………………………………..<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Nous avons l’honneur<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>de vous informer que le Conseil de l’école
a décidé au cours de sa réunion ordinaire du 14 Septembre 2013 vous attribuer
la charge horaire ci-dessous pour l’année scolaire 2013-2014.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
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<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 460.6pt;" valign="top" width="614">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Vous voudriez bien prendre soin de
déposer en deux exemplaires à l’école le cahier de prévision de votre
enseignement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</tr>
</tbody></table>
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<br /></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid black; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid black; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 460.6pt;" valign="top" width="614">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Veuillez agréer, Monsieur
l’enseignant, l’expression de nos sentiments de franche collaboration.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Le Chef d’Etablissement<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Nom et Post-nom<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">CI : - S/PROV<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Inspool<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Cl<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">VI. QUELQUES
REGLES PRATIQUES<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dans la formule d’appel :
Monsieur le …………….. (+ grade de l’intéressé= ne pas écrire la lettre en
utilisant la formule : Cher Monsieur, pour une correspondance
administrative et officielle. Cette formule est employée lorsqu’on a un
lien d’intimité avec la personne. Quant à l’officier supérieur, on écrira,
Mon général, mon Colonel et non Monsieur le Colonel ;<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ol>
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<br /></div>
<ol start="2" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Phrase introductive : on
utilisera la formule suivante : j’ai l’honneur de venir très…………, on
évitera des phrases très longues. S’il faut réserver une réponse à une
lettre administrative, on préfère commencer par rappeler l’objet de la
lettre reçue : en réponse à votre lettre N° du … janvier, relative à
…. J’ai l’honneur de ……….<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Il existe
d’autres formules introductives :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">J’ai l’honneur
de vous prier de vouloir,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">J’ai l’honneur
de vous faire connaître,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">J’ai l’honneur
de vous faire savoir,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">J’ai l’honneur
de vous exprimer,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">L’honneur
m’échoit de venir très respectivement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<ol start="3" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Style attestant le respect et
autorité : un supérieur doit utiliser cette formule pour faire
connaître un fait au subalterne ; je vous fais savoir….d, je vous
fais remarquer…., j’appelle votre attention sur ……<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Tandis que pour
adresser un document à son subordonné, il écrira : je vous adresse, je
vous envoie, je vous prie de me réserver… je vous transmets…<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Par ailleurs,
s’il veut donner un ordre, il écrira : je décide que…, je désire que vous
… je vous serai obligé de …. ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Quant à
soumettre une proposition au supérieur, le subalterne va écrire :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Je propose que
…, je suggère …, je soumets à votre appréciadtion …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<ol start="4" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Formule de courtoisie de la fin
de la correspondance : ici, la courtoisie, le respect, le dévouement
sont des termes clés mettant fin à une correspondance administrative.
Exemple : je vous prie d’agréer, Monsieur le S/Proved,… ; on
peut aussi recourir aux termes tels que : recevez, veuillez, agréer,
croyez.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">NB : On emploi le terme :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<ul style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Recevez que quand on s’adresse
à un subordonné, on peut le remplacer par : je vous prie….<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Agréer est utilisé entre
égaux ;<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Croyez c’est un terme amical.
On ne peut pas dire : veillez croire, Monsieur à l’expression de mes
sentiments distingués mais on peut écrire : croire à mes sentiments
respectueux ;<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Considération : on adresse
à un supérieur ; veuillez agréer, Monsieur le Proved, l’expression de
ma considération distinguée ou agréer, Monsieur, l’assurance de ma considération
distinguée.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">NB : Ce
concept est d’usage en s’associant au terme accorder (pour les égaux) et
exprimer (pour les supérieurs : exemple : veuillez agréer, Monsieur…,
l’expression de ma considération distinguée) ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<ul style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sentiments : on peut dire,
à mes sentiments affectueux, sentiments cordiaux pour les égaux mais
sentiments respectueux, dévoués pour les supérieurs ;<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dévouement : lorsque l’on
écrit à une personne avec laquelle on a de liens affectueux.
Exemple : veuillez agréer, MR…,d l’expression de mon entier et
respectueux dévouement.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Estime : d’usage
commercial et privé mais rarement employé dans l’administration.
Exemple : vous savez, Monsieur… que toute ma confiance vous est
acquise ainsi que mon estime affectueuse.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Gratitude : c’est un terme
de remerciement à un correspondant ; exemple : veuillez agréer,
Monsieur l’assurance de ma profonde gratitude ;<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Hommage : pour une lettre
destinée au chef de l’Etat, à un souverain.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">VI.2.2.2.2.
REGLES DE PRESENTATION DE LA CORRESPONDANCE ADMINISTRATIVE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ne dactylographiez que sur la
page et non recto verso ;<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Utilisez les interlignes
simples ;<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Mettez l’en-tête que sur la
première page ;<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Séparez les paragraphes par une
double interligne ;<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Evitez les ratures et
surcharges ;<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Le papier devra être propre et
adapté à la correspondance.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">VI.2.2.3.
TYPOLOGIE DES LETTRES ADMINISTRATIVESD<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">LETTRE D’ACCUSE
DE RECEPTION<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Généralement, la règle est qu’il n’y
ait pas d’accusé de réception pour une lettre à moins que le correspondant la
demande, ou si la réponse nécessite une enquête à réaliser, soit encore s’il y
a réacheminement d’une réponse mal adressé.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">LETTRE DE
TRANSMISSION<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A pour but de faire parvenir un
document ou un dossier à un tiers. On recourt au bordereau de transmission si
la correspondance est importante ou parce que l’on voudrait garder les traces.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">LETTRES DE
REACHEMINEMENT D’UNE CORRESPONDANCE MAL ADRESSEE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">C’est quand on reçoit une correspondance destinée à une
autre personne.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">LETTRE D’INFORMATION</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> : celle que l’on tient
informer l’autorité ou d’un particulier. Le style est : j’ai l’honneur de
vous rendre compte de ce que… ; ou soit j’ai l’honneur de porter cette
information à votre connaissance….<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">LETTRE DE DEMANDE D’AVIS OU D’INSTRUCTION </span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">:
formule : j’ai l’honneur de vous prier de bien vouloir me faire connaître
la suite à réserver à cette demande.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">LETTRE D’ATTENTE </span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">: je fais des enquêtes sur le sujet
et je ne manquerai pas de vous connaître dès que possible la suite…<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">LETTRE DE PROPOSITION </span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">: elle
nécessite une prise de décision d’où il faudrait que l’on rassemble des
informations importantes capables d’éclairer la décision à prendre.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">LETTRE DE RAPPEL DE CORRESPONDANCE </span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">:
Exemple : je vous serai gré de vouloir bien donner d’urgence la suite
qu’elle comporte … veuillez agréer…<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Notons qu’il existe deux catégories
des lettres : lettre administratives personnelles (l’individu écrit à
l’administration) et celle qui consiste à un échange entre les services (lettre
administrative ou de service).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">VI.2.2.4.
AUTRES DOCUMENTS ADMINISTRATIFS<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l25 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Le procès-verbal</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> : c’est le récit précis
d’un exposé fait par une personne compétente. Il est dressé à la demande
d’un chef compétent, par un agent habile de le faire ; exemple :
procès-verbal de remise et reprise.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ol>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Le contenu d’un PV<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Un préambule
qui contient l’énoncé de circonstance de temps, des personnes et
d’action ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Un
développement dans lequel sont relatés les faits qui font l’objet du PV ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Une conclusion
indiquant la date, la signature (à droite pour le chef et à gauche pour le
secrétaire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pour ce qui est
des PV des réunions et des séances, les éléments suivants sont les
importants : la nature, la date, le lieu de la réunion, l’heure du début
et de la fin.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l25 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Compte rendu : a pour
mission de porter à la connaissance du chef un incident peu important ou
grave en attendant la rédaction d’un rapport détaillé.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ol>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Il comporte les
étapes suivantes :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Titre :
compte rendu de la réunion du 25 Mars 2013 du Conseil de l’établissement ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Une phrase
liminaire rappelant le lieu, la date, le nom et la qualité de celui qui préside
la réunion, les noms et la qualité des membres présents et absents et excusés.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Exemple :
le quinzième jour du mois de novembre deux mille treize, à 8 heure s’est tenue
la réunion du conseil de l’école sous la président du chef d’établissement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Etaient
présents :………………………………………………………………………<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Etaient
absents :………………………………………………………………………<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l25 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Les visiteurs des classes (ce
point ayant des liens avec l’inspection, nous avons jugé propice de
considérer comme faisant de la deuxième partie.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ol>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Chapitre
VII : DOCUMENTS DE LA GESTION D’UNE ECOLE PAR LE CHEF D’ETABLISSEMENT<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">I.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">LA GESTION
ADMINISTRATIVE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.1.
Loi cadre n° 86-05 : </span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">C’est un document qui contient les
lois règlementant l’enseignement primaire, secondaire, professionnel,
supérieurs, universitaires et recherche scientifique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.2.
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Instructions
officielles</i></b> : c’est le recueil des instructions officielles ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.3.
Calendriers officiels</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> : C’est un document qui détermine le nombre de jours
de classe réparti en période, trimestre, semestre et détermine aussi les jours
fériés. C’est le gouvernement qui <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>le met
à la disposition des écoles.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">.4. Règlement intérieur</i> : </span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">C’est un
document que chaque école doit élaborer en tenant compte des réalités du
milieu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.5.
Dossier</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> :
voir si tous les dossiers existent.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.6.
Acte juridique</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> : Document officiel justifiant ou autorisant
l’existence et le fonctionnement d’une école : Arrêté d’agrément ou titre
de propreté.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.7.
Remise et reprise</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> : c’est un document de passation de pouvoir entre deux
chefs d’établissement ; entrant et sortant.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.8.
Inventaire</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> :
ici on voit l’inventaire du patrimoine de l’école ; c'est-à-dire tous les
biens, équipements, immobiliers, mobiliers, technique et autres,…<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.9. Note de
service</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> :
Concerne la communication aux enseignants et leur prise de connaissance.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.10. Affichage</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> : Concerne
le système et un lien d’affichage.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.11. Courrier</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> : indique
les courriers reçus et expédiés ainsi que leur classement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.12. Rapports
administratifs</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> :
Classement des rapports de la rentrée et de fin d’année, trimestriel,
semestriel.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.13. Rapports
des réunions</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> :
concerne les PV de toutes les réunions tenues à l’école.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.14. Assurance
scolaire</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> :
C’est un document qui stipule l’assurance des élèves et des enseignants à la
SONAS avec les pièces justificatives des paiements des frais.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.15.
Palmarès</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> :
concerne les résultats de toute l’école et cela doit être transmis à la
hiérarchie et aussi parfois échanges avec d’autres écoles.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.16.
Dossiers médical</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> : est un registre pour les cas spécifiques des
maladies des élèves.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.17.
Inspection administrative</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> : contient les rapports des
inspections administratives.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.18.
Mise en place du personnel</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> : C’est un document élaboré en
faveur des enseignants effectifs ; cela doit être classé et expédiée à la
hiérarchie.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.19.
Dossier individuel du personnel</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> : chaque personnel doit en
avoir et aussi bien classe.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.20.
Attribution du personnel</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> : c’est un système de la
décentralisation du pouvoir faisant que chacun s’occupe de sa tâche.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.21.
Absence du personnel</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> : Toute absence motivée ou non motivée doit être
signifiée dans ce document.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.22.
Registre d’inscription</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> : C’est un document pour tout élève qui s’inscrit dans
une année scolaire dans une école.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.23.
Registre matricule</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> : C’est un document qui prévoit un numéro d’ordre à
tout élève et la date de sortie.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.24.
Dossiers individuels écoliers/élèves</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> : chaque élève doit avoir un
dossier complet et classé au bureau.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.25.
Fichiers</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> :
sont des petites boîtes chacune par classe contenant des fiches de
renseignement de chaque élève.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.26.
Liste par classe</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> : Existe dès le premier jour de la rentrée.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.27.
Registre d’appel</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> : Pour le personnel et par classe pour les élèves et
aussi les moyennes de présences qui doivent être calculées.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.28.
Conseil de discipline</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> : Document qui contient toutes les procédures du
redressement de la conduite des élèves.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.29.
Retenu, exclusion, absence</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> : C’est un registre pour
chaque cas et signifier le motif.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">30.
PV de délibération</i></b> : ayant trait à la délibération et signé par
tous les participants.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.31.
Copies des bulletins</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> : sont des bulletins brouillons qui doivent être bien
classés.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.32. Emission
de titre : c’est un registre pour délibérer les certificats ou diplôme aux
lauréats.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.33. Retrait
des pièces : au cas de changement d’une école à l’autre.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.34. Prévision
budgétaire : document qui concerne les estimations des recettes et
dépenses.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.35. Perception
des contributions : conforme aux instructions officielles et les
différents taux.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.36. Autres
recettes : Document pour d’autres sources des recettes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.37. Versements
imposés : voir le livre de caisse et pièces justificatives.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.38.
Stagiaire : c’est un registre de prestation des stagiaires : leurs
notes d’affectations, leurs cotations, suivie.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.39. Paiement
du personnel : C’est une liste de paie, montant et signatures des
bénéficiaires.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.40. Rapports
comptables : Doivent être élaborés avec beaucoup plus des soins et pour
expédition à la hiérarchie.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.41. Gestion
financière : ceci concerne le niveau des dépenses.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.42. Gestion
comptable : Document qui concerne l’uniformité correcte des écritures dans
le livre de caisse (sans rature ni surcharge).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.43.
Autofinancement : Concerne les ressources qui font entrer les recettes à
l’école à part les frais reconnus officiellement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.44. Plan
d’opération : planification des activités d’une manière hebdomadaire,
mensuelle ou annuelle.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.45. Agenda ou
journal d’activité : Il est en même titre pour un Chef d’établissement
comme le journal de classe pour un enseignant.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.46. Ordre et
classement : autorise à l’inspecteur de voir si les documents sont classés
en ordre.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.47. Esprit de
collaboration : concerne la décentralisation des tâches par le chef
d’établissement envers ses collaborateurs.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.48. Assiduité
du personnel : concerne la prestation des enseignants et était de service.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.49. Discipline
des écoles : vise l’atmosphère et l’ambiance générale de travail.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.50. Port de
l’uniforme : à observer pendant le rassemblement aux activités matinales.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.51. Relation
avec autorités politiques : voir les correspondances, conflits, contacts.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.52. Relation
avec autorités administratives : vise le degré de collaboration envers les
inspecteurs, coordinateur, sous proved etc., et le chef d’établissement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.53. Relation
avec les collègues : concerne la relation avec les autres collègues chefs
d’établissements.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.54. Relation
avec les parents : cela se remarque à partir des PV des réunions des
assemblées générales, les cahiers de communication,…<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.55. Recueil
des visiteurs : les billets des visites, livres d’or ou avis du visiteur,
les billets d’audience, constituent ce document.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.56.
Ponctualité : des registres des présences et autres documents.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.57.
Disponibilité : le chef arrive le premier et quitte le dernier à l’école.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.58.
Responsabilité : elle concerne la réalisation des différentes activités
prévues dans son plan d’activité.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.59.
Imagination constructive : le chef d’établissement doit avoir l’esprit de
créativité ou d’initiative.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.60. Sens du
commandement : vise comment le chef d’établissement donne les ordres.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II. GESTION DE
LA PEDAGOGIE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.1.
Programmes : chaque cours inscrit au programme doit en avoir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.2.
Instructions officielles : les différentes circulaires ministérielles
représentées par l’autorité locale.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.3.
Revue inspecteur : sont exploitées si elles existent.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.4.
Revue inspecteur : (vois p. 3).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.5.
Semaine de la rentrée : consiste à organiser les réunions de la rentrée
avec les enseignants.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.6.
Prévisions des matières : sont élaborées en, conformité avec le programme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.7.
Attribution des enseignants : chaque enseignant avec une portion de
responsabilité selon leurs capacités.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.8.
Horaire : élaboré en conformité avec le programme et en respectant les
heures par discipline.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.9.
Listes des manuels : Le répertoire des manuels utilisés par les élèves et
par les enseignants.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.10.
Liste des matériels : en rapport avec ceux qui existent.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.11.
Sujets devoirs/interrogation : cahier de question-réponse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.12.
Copies devoirs/interrogation : Se conservent pour les recours des élèves
et certains parents.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.13.
Questions d’examen : Sont puisées dans le p.11 ; c’est la banque des
questions.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.14.
Copies d’examen : sont conservées pour une éventuelle réclamation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.15.
Inspection pédagogique : farde spécifique pour classer les copies
d’inspection pédagogique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.16.
Activité parascolaire : Plan de jeux organisés, cultures, théâtres…<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.17.
Cellule de base de formation : construction des unités pédagogiques.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.18.
Réunion pédagogique : classement des PV des réunions pédagogiques et les
thèmes développés.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.19.
Conseils de maître de classe : les maîtres des mêmes classes et les
professeurs de même discipline peuvent se réunir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.20.
Contrôle des documents : le chef d’établissement contrôle les documents
des élèves, des maîtres, des professeurs des disciplines.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.21.
Visites des classes : classement des copies des visites des classes par
semaine, par mois, …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.22.
leçon de démonstration : c’est une commission organisée par les unités
pédagogiques.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.23.
Encadrement des sous-qualifiés : le C.E insiste sur les aspects
méthodologiques et pédagogiques.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.24.
Formation continue des qualifiés : les stages et séminaires de formation
sont visés.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.25.
Outils de formations : consistent à l’exploitation des documents pour une
bonne évolution des matières.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.26.
Inspection de formation : Farde pour classer cette inspection de
formation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.27.
Discipline de travail : est une circulaire des répartitions des travaux.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.28.
Esprit de collégialité : vise la collaboration entre les qualifiés et les
sous-qualifiés.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.29.
Imagination pédagogique : fabrication des matériels pour former les
écoliers, suggestions des innovations.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.30.
Valeur pédagogique des sanctions imposées : on voit la valeur des
performances des apprenants.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.31.
Objectivité de l’évaluation : les notes attribuées aux élèves doivent être
méritoires. La réussite ou l’échec dépendent de certains critères.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.32.
Adéquation de l’orientation : Les élèves sont orientés en fonction de leur
performance.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.33.
Rendement interne : concerne les résultats des efforts communs des
enseignants et enseignés.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.34.
Rayonnement externe : la répartition de l’école, son attrait dans le
milieu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -5.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">II.35.
Développement communautaire : l’action d’éducation et d’instruction doit
contribuer au milieu où est implantée l’école.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">CONCLUSION<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">S’il y a une question fondamentale
que les responsables d’un système scolaire au niveau national ou provincial
peuvent se poser, c’est celle de la finalité comme objectif à atteindre dans un
système scolaire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Si les pouvoirs organisateurs
conçoivent l’organisation scolaire en termes de maximisation et de croissance
immédiate, ils se trompent car tout système scolaire, comme toute entreprise
consomme des ressources, d’où il est un des secteurs les plus couteux de
l’administration publique et dont les effets sont à long et moyen terme,
rarement immédiat. Notre système scolaire ne peut être moins bien géré que
n’importe quelle organisation moins utile pour le développement du pays.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">L’éducation peut être considérée,
dans son ensemble, comme un modèle d’interactions de trois grandes
composantes : l’enseignant, l’apprenant et la matière. Le tout se trouvant
dans un environnement. L’inspecteur, cet encadreur, ce contrôleur et conseiller
devra être bien informé de la mission qui l’attend, de sa responsabilité envers
le pays, envers les parents des apprenants, sans oublier les enseignants dont
il est le conseiller attiré. Les exigences de la complexité de formation et la
dimension éducative qui caractérise notre système scolaire demande un système
de gestion saine de nos établissements scolaires et exige une inspection
adéquate et de bon aloi (de bonne réputation).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Education avant tout, l’inspecteur
scolaire doit connaître l’enfant, la vie scolaire, le travail de l’enseignant,
les finalités et objectifs, bref il doit connaître l’enseignement à fond.
Fonctionnaire, représentant de l’Etat et mandaté pour surveiller l’éducation et
l’instruction donnée dans nos écoles et instituts d’enseignement, l’inspecteur
congolais doit bien connaître les rouages de son administration et les techniques
fondamentales de l’inspection scolaire. C’est pourquoi pour dominer avec
assurance les problèmes que posent les enseignants tout au long de leur
carrière, nous demandons que l’inspecteur congolais possède une solide
formation complète, entretenue et développée par une étude et une lecture
assidues, des contacts enrichissements et de multiples activités culturelles.
Tout cela suppose de la part de l’inspecteur des qualités d’homme, d’éducateur
et de chef. En ayant une formation professionnelle poussée qui en fait un grand
spécialiste de questions scolaires, bien comprise dans notre pays, l’inspection
scolaire congolaise pourra devenir un des facteurs de succès et de progrès de notre
système scolaire.</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///C:/Users/JOSEPH/Documents/COURS_OLS.docx#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>
Guide de l’inspecteur itinérant de l’EPSP, Kivu-PRESSE, BUKAVU, 2003, p.23.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<div class="blogger-post-footer">Admin Joseph Akhudi</div>Joseph Akhudi Duduhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01126680684409664323noreply@blogger.com31tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1250208101143042235.post-20556729477885666592018-08-18T04:35:00.002-07:002023-07-22T23:03:33.217-07:00JOSEPH AKHUDI DUDU rejoint la socité KIBALI GOLD PROJECT après 3 samaines de son optention de diplome de licence en Informatique de Gestion<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<div class="blogger-post-footer">Admin Joseph Akhudi</div>Joseph Akhudi Duduhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01126680684409664323noreply@blogger.com0N26, République démocratique du Congo3.0056207689731762 29.553019431250052.4982277689731762 28.907572431250049 3.5130137689731762 30.198466431250051tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1250208101143042235.post-89207680948759937932018-06-23T04:48:00.000-07:002018-06-23T05:00:04.496-07:00Offre spéciale aux éditeurs des Articles Web,des Journaux et de Blogueurs <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b>offre spéciale aux éditeurs des articles web et des journaux télé web</b></h3>
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Je suis à la recherche des éditeurs des articles Web afin d’accroître mon audience sur ma page Web<br />
WWW.JOSEPHSGBD.BLOGSPOT.COM<br />
La maîtrise de desing , dessin animé, caricature et avoir une référence des articles publiées sur de site web attrayante serait un Atout plus particulière </div>
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Ceux qui se sentent capables et dignes de travailler avec moi peuvent m’écrire via <a href="mailto:josephit@outlook.fr">josephit@outlook.fr</a> afin de savoir les modalités de paiement par l’article et les thèmes à développer conformément à la vision de BERPI<br />
Nous pouvons travaillé en ligne avec vous Peu importe ou vous Etes<br />
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<div class="blogger-post-footer">Admin Joseph Akhudi</div>Joseph Akhudi Duduhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01126680684409664323noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1250208101143042235.post-62322702722562523962018-06-16T04:28:00.003-07:002018-06-16T04:28:51.880-07:00JOSEPH AKHUDI DUDU se fait le devoir de représenter les lauréats de la Fac<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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le jour de la collation de grade académique Monsieur Joseph AKHUDI DUDU se fait le devoir de représenter tous les lauréats de la FAC en tenant un discours du jamais attendu<br />
en qualité d'ingénieurs en IT<br />
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<div class="blogger-post-footer">Admin Joseph Akhudi</div>Joseph Akhudi Duduhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01126680684409664323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1250208101143042235.post-12412843465511946392017-10-04T01:36:00.003-07:002017-10-04T01:36:28.556-07:00Offre de Formation Professsionnelle en IT <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Formateur Joseph AKHUDI DUDU Concepteur et Developpeur des Applications en IT<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguPdPtWwL7_M9L3u7sg0MZ-jhclTEDCQfp_IIXgd7SZV7bLFJzWy5Gp-8PIzzp0Znh9QLEOm7Vtjis-akRlrLAhQYI-Ix0SauNpVrWzblTD3iZRqEyvVTsWhxxyn7QgKIvhSawJH7kJLI/s1600/Joseph.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1569" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguPdPtWwL7_M9L3u7sg0MZ-jhclTEDCQfp_IIXgd7SZV7bLFJzWy5Gp-8PIzzp0Znh9QLEOm7Vtjis-akRlrLAhQYI-Ix0SauNpVrWzblTD3iZRqEyvVTsWhxxyn7QgKIvhSawJH7kJLI/s640/Joseph.jpg" width="626" /></a></div>
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<div class="blogger-post-footer">Admin Joseph Akhudi</div>Joseph Akhudi Duduhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01126680684409664323noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1250208101143042235.post-54136256590311389752017-10-04T01:33:00.000-07:002017-10-04T01:33:44.749-07:00Conception et réalisation d'une base des données pour la gestion des Clients cas de l'hôtel GLODI VIP RDC/KISANGANI<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">« </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
programmation en visuel basic est amère lors qu’on ne maitrise pas l’algorithme
et les codes sources de langage de programmation objet orienté</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> »<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Joseph AKHUDI DUDU</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">DEDICACE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">À vous nos Parents; <b>Guillaume </b></span><strong><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;">ARAKAYO DUDU </span></strong><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">et</span><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><strong><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;">Etymirate
ASIBHUNA </span></strong><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">pour tant de privations et sacrifices
consenties avec tant d'affection et abnégation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">À
notre <b>Abbe Christophe TANZITO</b> pour avoir contribué à la
quasi-totalité de cette œuvre depuis de
nombreuses années. Recevez nos très sincères remerciements que Dieu de
l’Esperance vous comble de joie et de paix dans la foi. Que le Saint-Esprit
vous protège durant toute votre vie.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">REMERCIEMENTS<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le
travail réalisé au terme de ce cycle de graduat n'est qu'un travail de
recherche qui nous a ouvert la porte à l'approfondissement de certaines
connaissances dans la conception et la réalisation d'un système d'information.
La réalisation de cette œuvre aurait été presque impossible si nous n'avions
pas eu à bénéficier du concours de plusieurs personnes, Qu'il nous soit ainsi
permis ici de leur exprimer nos sentiments de profonde gratitude ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nos
remerciements s'adressent au Professeur </span><strong><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;">PAUL VITAMARA MASINGO
</span></strong><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">et l’Assistant <b>BAKA
LEKA</b></span><span class="apple-converted-space"> BRIJINEV </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">respectivement
au Directeur et Encadreur dudit travail qui ont bien voulu accepter de nous
accompagner dans cette épreuve a l'instar de leurs multiples occupations, tout
en reconnaissant par ailleurs que leurs observations et suggestions nous ont
été très constructives et cette œuvre a pu être effective.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nous
remercions également toutes les autorités académiques de l’institut supérieur
pédagogique de KISANGANI et tous les Assistants, Chefs de travaux et
Professeurs, pour leur encadrement durant trois ans de formation au sein de
l’institut Supérieur Pédagogique de Kisangani.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">À
mes grands frères <b>Innocent ARAKAYO, suroiki MANDRE, Etienne TAKIPI, Chrysostome
THOMES, Kamissi AGAMA </b>pour toutes vos bienfaisances innombrables faites à
notre égard, vous êtes incomparable et exceptionnelle.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">À
vous mes Jeunes-sœurs et frères :</span><span class="apple-converted-space"> Marie-Hélène TAVEKO et Bienvenue LIKAYO,
Stephan NGONA, NGABHU</span><strong><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;">, joseph ANDABHATI,
dieu merci ALOMBO<o:p></o:p></span></strong></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;">Nos remerciements s’adressent au fondateur de
l’hôtel GLODI-VIP monsieur type TAMBWE et le gérant olivier PANDA pour
leur accueil au sein cette entreprise </span></strong><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Gratitude a toutes (tous) nos
amis(es), condisciples, camarades de promotion qui ont eu à partager et à
échanger avec nous pendant ces moments inoubliables,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Il
nous serait ingrat de terminer cette page sans pour autant remercier ceux qui
nous ont assisté sur le plan matériel, financier que moral : <b>Abbé Christophe TANZITO</b>, le patriarche <b>Etienne TAKIPI</b>,</span><span class="apple-converted-space"> et maman Monique LATIWA </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">À
toute personne ayant contribué de près ou de loin à la réalisation de cette
œuvre, à travers ces lignes, trouve l'expression de nos sentiments de profonde
gratitude.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<strong><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"> Joseph AKHUDI DUDU</span></strong><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="notes" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="notes" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="notes" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">SIGLES ET ABREVIATIONS<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">a.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">PHOT: Plan d'hôtel<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">b.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">BULPO: Bulletin police<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">c.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">FACT: Facture<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">d.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">RAP : Rapport<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">e.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">REG : Registre<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">f.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ULT : Unité logique de traitement<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">g.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">MCD : Modèle conceptuel de données<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">h.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">MCT : Modèle conceptuel de traitement<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">i.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">MOD : Modèle organisationnel de données<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">j.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">MOT : Modèle organisationnel de traitement<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">k.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">MLD : Modèle logique de données<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">l.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">MLDB : Modèle logique de donnée brutes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">m.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">MLDN : Modèle logique de données normalisées<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">n.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">MLT : Modèle logique de traitement<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">o.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">MPD : Modèle physique de données<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">p.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">MPT : Modèle physique de traitement<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">q.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">SCD : Schéma conceptuel des données<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">r.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">MEA : Modèle entité-association<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">s.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">MER : Modèle entité-relation<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">t.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">SGBDR : Système de gestion de base de données
rationnel<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">u.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">BD : Base de données<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">v.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">VB : Visual basic<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">w.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">MERISE : Méthode d'Étude et de Réalisation en
Informatique Pour Système d'Entreprise<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">x.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">FN : Forme normale<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">y.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">HGH : hôtel GLODI VIP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">z.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L et D de Naissance : Lieu et date de
naissance<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">aa.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">CAR : Caractère<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">bb.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">AJ : Ajouter<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">cc.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">SP : Supprimer<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<h1 style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 24.0pt; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -24.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;">0.0.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;">INTRODUCTION<o:p></o:p></span></h1>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0.1
Problématique <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="twunmatched" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Depuis
un certain temps, l’État Congolais cherche toujours à améliorer la capacité de
son administration à travers les conditions de vie professionnelle de ces agents
et la qualité de services rendu par son administration. C’est ainsi que le
comité de gestion de l’hôtel GLODI VIP qui est une entreprise privée cherchait
aussi à améliorer la qualité de ces services à travers un instrument de pointe
et la mise en place de système informatique plus performent pour le traitement
des informations qui est aujourd’hui appelé l’Ordinateur avec sa cellule
informatique. Nul n’ignore que l’informatique demeure aujourd’hui un outil
performent de traitement des informations Dans cette domaine, plusieurs
analyses et recherches se sont précédés vue sa pertinence et son importance
scientifique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="twunmatched" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Pendant
un certain moment le comité de gestion de cette entreprise voulait mettre en
place un système informatique de la gestion automatisée pourra répondre aux
exigences et difficultés rencontraient par ses différents service mais ce
projet était tombé en échec cela émanait de manque des informaticiens
qualifiés. Aujourd’hui à l’occurrence de notre passage remarquable en qualité
de chercheur au sein cet hôtel après notre
analyse et étude de flux d’informations dans ses divers services qu’il
organise dans son sein ,nous sommes rendu compte qu’il serait possible de
mettre en place des systèmes informatiques dont notamment la conception et la
réalisation d’une base des données pour l’identification des clients de ses services d’une manière
continue, sans redondance et chronologique ; Seule la base des données ne
suffirait pas d’où la nécessité de combiner l’accès avec visuel basique dans le
but d’avoir un dizaine parfait et un fichier exécutable pourrait parfaitement
répondre mémorablement aux besoins des utilisateurs.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="twunmatched" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> L’informatique couvre pratiquement
tous les domaines d’activité humaine aujourd’hui grâce à son outil de prédilection
qui est l’ordinateur, Celui-ci est en effet programmable et doté d’une
puissance de calcul vertigineuse ainsi que d’une capacité de stockage illimitée
des données.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="twunmatched" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> En
bref le traitement automatique des données par l’ordinateur est entrain de conquérir
le traitement manuel de l’information dans toutes les organisations y compris
les entreprises privées que publiques de l’état<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="twunmatched" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Dans le siècle présent dénommer celui
de la nouvelle technologie de communication et de l’information dont la
République Démocratique du Congo se fixe comme slogan qui encadre avec la
vision de chef de l’état qui est « la révolution de modernité »
c’est dans cette optique que nous abordions notre sujet de recherche basé sur
les besoins de s’informer et de former en temps optimal rapidité, la souplesse
et la fiabilité des informations s’inscrivent parmi les atouts de traitement de
l’information dont l’ordinateur est un outil privilégié.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="twunmatched" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Il est vrai que, les
difficultés que connait l’hôtel GLODI VIP à propos de la gestion de ses clients
suite à ses travaux manuels font courir souvent des risques dont notamment :
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="twunmatched" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">les
erreurs commises lors de l’enregistrement des données, <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="twunmatched" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">l’incertitude
d’identifier certaines orthographes manuscrites, <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="twunmatched" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">la
perte de certaines informations confidentielles et difficultés dans le
classement des archives, le manque des données sur la situation de l'hôtel au
temps prévu tels que ; <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="twunmatched" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">le
nombre des clients journalier par l’étage<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="twunmatched" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; tab-stops: 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> C’est
ainsi que ladite entreprise avait du mal à contrôlée et comptabilisé ses
recettes journalière chaque fois qu’il fallait feuilleter les documents et
faire une comptabilité en main libre cette forme de travail causé souvent des préjudices, c'est pourquoi, le choix d'un
système informatique avec ses influences devant permettre l’automatisation de
système comptable et la facilité
d’identifier les clients par apport à leur appartement qu’ils occupe.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="twunmatched" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Malheureusement
pour la plus part des entreprises dans les pays sous-développés en générale, et
particulier des entreprises privées congolaises ne bénéficient pas des
bienfaits de l’automatisation et ceux-ci pour de raison ci-après :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="twunmatched" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 21.3pt 2.0cm 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Le
cout élevé de matériel informatique ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="twunmatched" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">L’absence
des personnes suffisamment informées du bienfait de l’automatisation ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="twunmatched" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">L’absence
des personnes formées pour la mise en place de système informatique tel que la
conception de base des données, la conception de programme avec les différents
langages de programmation capable de répondre aux besoins de l’entreprise.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 21.3pt 2.0cm center 8.0cm left 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt right 16.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> De ce qui précède, nous nous sentons
obligé de se poser des questions afin de permettre quelques pistes des
solutions dans le but de bien développer la suite de cette recherche: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeader" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 21.3pt 2.0cm center 8.0cm left 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt right 16.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Comment
pouvons-nous aider l’hôtel GLODI VIP à surmonter ses faiblesses dans la gestion
des clients ? <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Quel
type de système va-t-elle répondre à l'administration de ses clients ?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Comment
conserver et sécuriser des informations lorsque celles-ci requièrent une
certaine confidentialité ?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1 style="line-height: 150%;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928854"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902009"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;">0.2. Hypothèse</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-right: -.1pt; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Selon
CLAUDE BERNART cité par le professeur VITAMARA (2013-2014) «l’hypothèse est une
réponse provisoire à une question posée qui nécessite une réponse momentanée
dont son affirmation ou affirmation sera après la vérification d’effet sur
terrain » L’introduction de
cette partie peut se faire selon , une
hypothèse est une proposition des réponses anticipées aux questions posées, qui
seront vérifiées au cours de la recherche, elle tend à formuler une relation entre
les positions significatives même au plus moins précises ; elle permet de
les interpréter et leur donne une signification véritable qui constituera un
élément passable de la théorie</span><a href="file:///D:/PROJET%20DE%20BLOG/MON%20TFC%20OK.docx#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span class="Titre2Car"><sup><span style="color: #002060; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="Titre2Car"><sup><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></sup></span><!--[endif]--></span></sup></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 21.3pt 27.0pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> En rapport avec les problèmes que connaît
la gestion de l’hôtel GLODI VIP et compte tenu de ses objectifs, nous formuler
les hypothèses suivantes :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo17; tab-stops: 21.3pt 27.0pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1)<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
conception d’un nouveau système d’information pour la gestion des clients
serait la solution éventuelle pour pallier aux problèmes de l’hôtel GLODI.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo17; tab-stops: 21.3pt 27.0pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2)<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le
développement d’une application sur
L’implantation d’une base des données en interaction en visuel basic pour
l’identification des clients par étage
serait la solution éventuelle pour pallier aux problèmes de l’hôtel
GLODI. Partant de ce système permettrait la sécurisation des informations et
l’authentification des informations d’une manière automatique<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 21.3pt 27.0pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Partant
de ces hypothèses, nous nous fixons les objectifs suivant.<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902010"><o:p></o:p></a></span></div>
<h1 style="line-height: 150%;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928855"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;">0.3. OBJECTIFS DU TRAVAIL</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 1.0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.55pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dans le cadre de cette monographie,
nous nous fixons deux objectifs finalités biens précis:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 106.9pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: 2.0cm 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Concevoir un système d’information qui
pourrait aider l'hôtel GLODI-VIP à bien gérer les informations avec efficacité
et efficience. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 106.9pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: 2.0cm 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: red; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mettre en œuvre une application pour gérer
les clients d’une manière automatique<span style="color: red;">.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<h1 style="line-height: 150%;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928856"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902011"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;">0.4 CHOIX ET INTERET DU
SUJET</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<h2 style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928857"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902012"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;">a. Choix du sujet</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Etant informaticien de formation, il
est de notre devoir de parler de l’information dans l’optique de la gestion, et
aussi passionné du développement des applications, nous ne voyons autre choix.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h2 style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928858"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902013"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;">b. Intérêt du sujet</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Notre sujet a pour intérêts :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 64.35pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ü<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">la
recherche scientifique pour l’obtention d’un diplôme de gradué en informatique
de gestion et <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 64.35pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ü<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">la
réalisation d’un ouvrage informatique de référence pour les générations
futures. </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ainsi, nous avons pensé
intituler notre travail à ces termes : « <b>la Conception et la réalisation d’une base des données pour
l’identification des clients Cas de l'Hôtel GLODI</b>-<b>VIP de 2012 à 2014 </b>»<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1 style="line-height: 150%;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928859"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902014"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;">0.5. DELIMITATION DU SUJET</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 42.55pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tout travail scientifique
doit être limité pour des raisons de précision, en conséquence notre étude est
menée au sein de l'hôtel GLODI-VIP qui a
son siège dans la ville de Kisangani, toutefois les informations récoltées
concernent la gestion des clients uniquement.</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">la pertinence du sujet exige la délimitation dans le temps
et dans l’espace.</span><b><span style="color: red; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">-<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dans le temps </span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">: ce travail couvre la période
allant de 2012 à 2014;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 106.9pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: 2.0cm 70.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">-<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dans l’espace</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : notre champ d’investigation
est le l'hôtel GLODI-VIP, situé dans la ville de Kisangani, en République
Démocratique du Congo. en Province Orientale dans la commune Makiso avenue
Kitima numéro 2 <a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902015"><o:p></o:p></a></span></div>
<h1 style="line-height: 150%;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928860"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;">0.6. ETAT DE LA QUESTION</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="twunmatched" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; tab-stops: 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">En se réfèrent de l’initiation à la
recherche scientifique qui stipule que tout Chercheur avant d’aborder sa
recherche il doit d’abord lire les travaux effectués par ses prédécesseurs
enfin d’avoir l’idée générale sur les différentes facettes des sujets traités
dans le but d’aborder le leur d’une manière ou autre enfin d’en ajouter un de
plus sur ce qui manquait c’est ainsi qu’il était évident que nous parcourrions
quelques monographies et mémoire réalisées par nos ainés scientifiques Nous pouvons cités le travail de fin cycle.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="twunmatched" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; tab-stops: 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63.8pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Déjà réalisé par, TSHIYOYO BISERA<b><sup>1</sup></b>dans son analyse sur
conception et réalisation d’une base des données pour la gestion des
informations de recrutement des candidats dans une entreprise et lorsqu’il
s’intéresse de recrutement des candidats à l’OVD. Il a abouti en disant que le
système manuel place au sein de l’OVD avait des faiblesses dominats sur le
point forts. Pour y parvenir, il s’est avéré nécessaire de proposer un nouveau
système de traitement de l’information et par conséquent d’informatiser la
gestion.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="twunmatched" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; tab-stops: 21.3pt 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"> Ainsi
nous pouvons citer, étudiant NGONA KOBINAMA<sup>2</sup> de l’informatique de
gestion de l’ISP-BUKAVU lors de son étude sur conception et réalisation d’une
base des données pour la gestion de réservation des chambres et quand il
s’occupe de réservation des chambres à l’Hôtel de BUTEMBO ‘’HB’’ a conclu de la
sorte que <i>le système des points faibles
dominants sur les points </i>forts. Pour pouvoir y remédier, il est donc avéré
nécessaire de proposer un nouveau système de traitement d’information qu’il est
l’informatisé la gestion. Sa brève conclusion s’est focalisée en disant que le
système manuel ne doit jamais exclure le système automatique car tous les deux
sont intimement liées à l’absence de l’un l’autre semble être inopérant ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1 style="line-height: 150%;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928861"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902016"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;">0.7. METHODES ET TECHNIQUES</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<h2 style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 7.1pt 2.0cm;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928862"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902017"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;">A.
Méthodes</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;"> <o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Une
méthode est un procédé à suivre pour atteindre un but, elle est aussi une
démarche de l’esprit. Aussi selon DESCARTES, la méthode est un ensemble des
règles pour bien conduire sa pensée<sup>3</sup><sub>.<o:p></o:p></sub></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">J.
OTEMIKONGO MANDEFU<a href="file:///D:/PROJET%20DE%20BLOG/MON%20TFC%20OK.docx#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" title=""><sup><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><sup><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[2]</span></sup><!--[endif]--></sup></a>, ajoute
que la méthode est conçue comme un moyen rationnel de parvenir à un but, sans
commettre d’erreur. On cherche à garantir que l’objectif sera atteint avec
efficacité et avec effort minimal.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Hormis </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">la méthode MERISE qui étant une des méthodes
d’analyse, de conception et de réalisation des systèmes informatiques<a href="file:///D:/PROJET%20DE%20BLOG/MON%20TFC%20OK.docx#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">[3]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a> laquelle
nous a permis d’analyser les données et
les traitements du système d’information et de mettre en place un
nouveau système reposant sur une base de données, nous avons jugé bon de la
combiner avec les méthodes suivantes :</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "tahoma" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Méthode
Analytique</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> :
Elle consiste à décomposer les éléments d’un système afin de mieux les définir,
tel a été notre cas ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "tahoma" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">La
méthode structuro-fonctionnelle : </span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Cette méthode est celle qui montre la structure de l’entreprise et
comment celle-ci fonctionne. Quant à cette monographie, cette méthode nous </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">a permis de connaitre et comprendre
la structure et le fonctionnement de l'hôtel GLODI-VIP afin d’expliquer le
déroulement et l’accomplissement de certaines tâches</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "tahoma" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Méthode
historique</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> :
</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Elle</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
nous a permis de nous référer au passé de l'hôtel GLODI-VIP pour bien
appréhender sa situation actuelle.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h2 style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928863"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902018"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;">B.
Technique</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> La technique doit avoir deux approches celui de récolter des
données et de traitement des données.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 0cm;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Technique
de récolter des données nous avons utilisés technique documentaire et
l’observation direct désengagé.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Technique
de traitement des données, nous avons fait analyse du contenu et interview nos
structure à travers interprétation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">BRIMO
définit la technique comme l'outil pour concrétiser l'investigation<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C. Technique Documentaire<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Cette technique nous a permis de consulter
les différents documents susceptibles de continuer l'information concernant
notre travail, collection des données utiles à notre étude à partir des TFC,
Monographie, Ouvrage, Revue, etc.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="toc17"></a><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">D. Technique d'Interview :<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Elle consiste d'aller vers toute personne
susceptible de détenir une information intéressante pour la concrétisation d'un
travail moyennant de Question-Réponse. Cette méthode nous a servi de nous
entretenir avec le gérant de l'hôtel et les différents personnages.<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="toc18"></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1 style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928864"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902019"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;">e.
Délimitation du sujet</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Notre
sujet est subdivisé à trois parties <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Il sujet
respecte les critères qu’il faut pour qu’un sujet soit appelé scientifique <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo15; tab-stops: 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
délimitation thématique <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dont
la <b>thématique </b>intitule la conception
et la réalisation d’une base des données pour, la gestion des fichiers et nous
considérons notre population d’étude comme les clients, La délimitation <b>spatiale </b> serait KISANGANI et la délimitation
spéciale de 2012 à 2014<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1 style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928865"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902020"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;">f.
La subdivision du travail</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 7.1pt 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Notre
travail est subdivisé à quatre chapitres hormis l’introduction et la conclusion
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: 7.1pt 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ü<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le
premier parle sur la revue de la littérature <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: 7.1pt 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ü<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le
deuxième est la présentation générale de l’hôtel GLODI - VIP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: 7.1pt 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ü<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Troisième
chapitre se focalise sur l’Analyse de l’existant <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: 7.1pt 21.3pt 2.0cm 212.65pt 411.1pt 432.35pt 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.45pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ü<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le
quatrième parle d’implantation d’une base des données<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 7.1pt 21.3pt 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Hormis la
partie introductive qui est l'orientation globale de ce travail et la
conclusion, le présent travail est subdivisé en deux grandes parties morcelées en quatre chapitres qui
sont les suivantes:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ü<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La première
partie intitulée « <b><i>Cadre théorique du travail</i></b> » comprend deux chapitres énumérés
comme suit :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 7.1pt 21.3pt 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -10.35pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le premier chapitre intitulé : « <b><i>Revue
de la littérature</i></b> » où sera présenté théoriquement le présent
travail.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le deuxième chapitre intitulé : «</span><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">étude préalable et analyse </span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">» ici nous
parlerons de l'entreprise GLODI VIP qui
est notre cible de recherche et il va la présenter d'une façon détaillée.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: 7.1pt 21.3pt 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ü<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La deuxième
partie intitulée « <b><i>le cadre pratique du travail </i></b>» qui est subdivisée aussi en deux
chapitres qui sont :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Troisième
chapitre intitulé « <b><i>Analyse de l’existant</i></b> ».
Celui-ci va faire </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">une étude assidue d’information en vogue de
l’hôtel et des documents que ce dernier utilise
dans sa gestion quotidienne ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l8 level2 lfo6; tab-stops: list -55.75pt left 7.1pt 21.3pt list 1.0cm left 2.0cm list 180.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -7.05pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FR-BE" style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Quatrième chapitre intitulé « <b><i>l’implantation
d’une base des données</i> »</b></span><span lang="FR-BE" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="FR-BE" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dans</span><span lang="FR-BE" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> c</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">e chapitre, il sera question de</span><span lang="FR-BE" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">brosser les possibilités<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 7.1pt 21.3pt 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="FR-BE" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">D'automatisation du Système d'Information futur et
aboutir à la création de la base de données, à l'établissement des relations
qui existent entre les entités de cette base de données au niveau physique
et l'application informatique y relative</span><b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.</span></i></b><span lang="FR-BE" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 7.1pt 21.3pt 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928866"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902021"><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Première partie : CADRE THEORIQUE DU TRAVAIL</span></b></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1 align="center" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928867"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902022"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc393389082"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Premier
Chapitre </span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">: la
revue de la littérature</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1.1.
DEFINITION DES CONCEPTS <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<h2 style="line-height: 150%; margin-top: 0cm;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928868"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902023"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc393389083"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;">I.1.1 CONCEPTION</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 3.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 67.6pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La conception est une phase initiale de la création ou
de la mise en œuvre (quelque chose).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h2 style="line-height: 150%; margin-top: 0cm;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928869"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc393389084"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;">I.1.2
REALISATION</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 3.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 67.6pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La réalisation est une mise en œuvre concrète ; action
de réaliser, de concrétiser, d'exécuter.<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc393389085"><o:p></o:p></a></span></div>
<h2 style="line-height: 150%; margin-top: 0cm;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928870"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;">I.1.3 GESTION</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La gestion est l’action de gérer<a href="file:///D:/PROJET%20DE%20BLOG/MON%20TFC%20OK.docx#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[4]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>.
Selon Morvan P., la gestion est un terme générique désignant l’ensemble des
applications de l’informatique aux tâches administratives. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 3.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 67.6pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Elle est en outre définie comme un ensemble des
applications de l'informatique aux tâches administratives et industrielles
susceptible d'être automatisée.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h2 style="line-height: 150%; margin-top: 0cm;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928871"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902024"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc393389086"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;">I.1.4 HOTEL</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’hôtel est
un établissement offrant à la location des chambres ou appartements à la
journée ou pour une autre durée déterminée.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h2 style="line-height: 150%; margin-top: 0cm;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928872"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902025"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc393389087"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;">I.1.5 CLIENT</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;"> <o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 3.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 67.6pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le client est une personne qui recourt à des services
contre paiement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h2 style="line-height: 150%; margin-top: 0cm;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928873"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902026"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc393389088"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;">1. I.6. BANQUE DE
DONNEES</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 3.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 67.6pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La banque de données est l’ensemble
d’informations directement exploitable et recouvrant un domaine particulier des
connaissances.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h2 style="line-height: 150%;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928874"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902027"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc397588856"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;">1.2. NOTION SUR LA BASE DES
DONNES</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<h3>
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928875"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902028"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc397588857">I.2.1. Définition</a><o:p></o:p></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Une base de données peut se définir de plusieurs
façons, mais nous focalisons sur: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "bookman old style" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">-<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Une base de données (BD en sigle) est une
entité dans laquelle il est possible de stocker des données de façon structurée
et avec le moins de redondance possible. C’est un logiciel spécifique
permettant de décrire, de manipuler ainsi que de traiter des ensembles
d’informations en assurant la sécurité, la confidentialité et l’intégrité.
Ensemble cohérent, intégré, partagé de données structurées défini pour les
besoins d’une application<a href="file:///D:/PROJET%20DE%20BLOG/MON%20TFC%20OK.docx#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[5]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "bookman old style" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">-<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">En </span><a href="http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglais" title="Anglais"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; text-decoration: none;">anglais</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : data
base ; est un outil permettant de stocker et de retrouver l'intégralité
de </span><a href="http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donn%C3%A9es_brutes" title="Données brutes"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; text-decoration: none;">données brutes</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> ou d'</span><a href="http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information" title="Information"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; text-decoration: none;">informations</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> en
rapport avec un thème ou une activité ; celles-ci peuvent être de natures
différentes et plus ou moins reliées entre elles.<a href="file:///D:/PROJET%20DE%20BLOG/MON%20TFC%20OK.docx#_ftn6" name="_ftnref6" title=""><sup><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><sup><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[6]</span></sup><!--[endif]--></sup></a>
C’est l’endroit qui est constituée pour les stockages de toutes les
informations concernant l’automatisation d’un système, ces informations sont
très structurées, et la base est localisée dans un même lieu et sur un même
support<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span class="MsoHyperlink"><sup><span style="font-family: "bookman old style" , serif;">-<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></sup></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Une
base de données est un « conteneur » stockant des</span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast;"> </span></span><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">données</span></i><a href="file:///D:/PROJET%20DE%20BLOG/MON%20TFC%20OK.docx#_ftn7" name="_ftnref7" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[7]</span></b></span><!--[endif]--></span></i></span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">telles que des chiffres, des dates ou
des mots, pouvant être retraités par des moyens informatiques pour produire une
information ; par exemple, des chiffres et des noms assemblés et triés
pour former un</span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast;"> </span></span><a href="http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annuaire" title="Annuaire"><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast; mso-themecolor: text1;">annuaire</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">. Les retraitements sont typiquement
une combinaison d'opérations de recherches, de choix, de tri, de regroupement,
et de</span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">concaténation</span><a href="file:///D:/PROJET%20DE%20BLOG/MON%20TFC%20OK.docx#_ftn8" name="_ftnref8" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[8]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">.</span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><sup><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast;"><o:p></o:p></span></sup></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "bookman old style" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">-<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Base de données informatisée : est un
ensemble structuré de données enregistrées sur des supports accessibles par
l’ordinateur, représentant des informations du monde réel et pouvant être
interrogées et mise à jour pour une communauté d’utilisateurs. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "bookman old style" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">-<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Banque de données : c’est l’ensemble
d’informations directement exploitable et recouvrant un domaine particulier des
connaissances.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ces
données doivent pouvoir être utilisées par des programmes, par des utilisateurs
différents. Ainsi, la notion de base de données est généralement couplée à
celle de réseau, afin de pouvoir mettre en commun ces informations, d’où le nom
de base. On parle généralement de
système d’information pour désigner toute la structure regroupant les moyens
mis en place pour pouvoir partager des données.<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc397588858"><o:p></o:p></a></span></div>
<h3>
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928876">I.2.2.
CRITERES D’UNE BASE DE DONNEES</a><o:p></o:p></h3>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "bookman old style" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">-<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Exhaustivité : implique que l’on dispose
de toutes les informations relatives au sujet donné. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "bookman old style" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">-<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Non redondance : implique l’unicité des
informations dans la base de données. En général, on essaie d’éviter la
duplication des données car cela pose de problème de cohérence lors des mises à
jour de ces données.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "bookman old style" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">-<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Structuration : implique l’adaptation du
mode de stockage des renseignements aux traitements qui les exploiteront et les
mettront à jour ; ainsi qu’au cout de stockage de ces enseignements dans
l’ordinateur. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h3>
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928877"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902029"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc397588864">I.2.3. SYSTEME DE GESTION DE BASE DES
DONNEES</a><a href="file:///D:/PROJET%20DE%20BLOG/MON%20TFC%20OK.docx#_ftn9" name="_ftnref9" title=""><sup><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><b><sup><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">[9]</span></sup></b><!--[endif]--></sup></a><o:p></o:p></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Un
système de gestion de base des données (SGBD) est un logiciel qui permet de
stocker des informations dans une base des données. Un tel système permet de
lire, écrire, modifier, trier, transformer ou même imprimer les données qui
sont contenues dans la base de données.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 0cm 7.1pt 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Parmi
les logiciels les plus connus, il est possible de citer : <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</w:wrap></v:imagedata></v:shape><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Oracle</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,
édité par Oracle Corporation, est un SGBDR payant. Son coût élevé fait qu'il
est principalement utilisé par des entreprises. Oracle gère très bien de grands
volumes de données. Il est inutile d'acheter une licence oracle pour un projet
de petite taille, car les performances ne seront pas bien différentes de celles
de MySQL ou d'un autre SGBDR. Par
contre, pour des projets conséquents (plusieurs centaines de Go de données), Oracle
sera bien plus performant.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">MS
Access ou Microsoft Access</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> est un logiciel édité par Microsoft
(comme son nom l'indique…) Par conséquent, c'est un logiciel payant qui ne
fonctionne que sous Windows. Il n'est pas du tout adapté pour gérer un grand
volume de données et a beaucoup moins de fonctionnalités que les autres SGBDR.
Son avantage principal est l'interface graphique intuitive qui vient avec le
logiciel. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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comme particularité de ne pas utiliser le schéma client-serveur utilisé par la
majorité des SGBDR. SQLitestocke toutes les données dans de simples fichiers.
Par conséquent, il ne faut pas installer de serveur de base de données, ce qui
n'est pas toujours possible (certains hébergeurs web ne le permettent pas).
Pour de très petits volumes de données, SQLite est très performant. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<w:wrap type="tight">
</w:wrap></v:imagedata></v:shape><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">MySQL</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> est
donc un Système de Gestion de Bases de Données Relationnelles, qui utilise le
langage SQL. C'est un des SGBDR les plus utilisés. Sa popularité est due en
grande partie au fait qu'il s'agit d'un logiciel Open Source, ce qui signifie
que son code source est librement disponible et que quiconque qui en ressent
l'envie et/ou le besoin peut modifier MySQL pour l'améliorer ou l'adapter à ses
besoins. Une version gratuite de MySQL est par conséquent disponible. À noter
qu'une version commerciale payante existe également.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<h1 style="line-height: 150%;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928878"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">DEUXIEME CHAPITRE :
ETUDE PREALABLE ET L’ANALYSE</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<h2 style="line-height: 150%;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928879"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902030"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;">II.1. PRESENTATION DE
L'HOTEL GLODI</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 2.0cm 439.45pt 446.55pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> L’étude de préalable consiste à
prendre l’entreprise en se battant sur son historique, la manière dont elle est
organisée, ses objectifs, ses savoirs en terme personnels, matériel, le moyen
financier qu’elle détienne en tout en les analysant, les critiques si possible
et leur proposer des solutions manuelles ou automatiques<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h4 style="line-height: 150%;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902031"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.1.1. SITUTATION
GEOGRAPHIQUE DE L’HOTEL</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="toc24"></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> L’hôtel GLODI VIP ne mérite pas
d’être un hôtel de cinq étoiles pour des raisons d’évolutions technologiques,
il est situe dans la ville de Kisangani, en république démocratique du Congo,
il est situé dans la commune MAKISO sur l’avenu KITIMA, N°2, sur la route TP.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Au
nord par la faculté des sciences<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Au
sud par le marché central de Kisangani<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A
l’est par la maison STELAKE <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A
l’ouest par l’agence de voyage la vie est un combat <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902032"><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">II.1.2 APPERCU
HISTORIQUE</span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Hôtel Glodi VIP est une entreprise
privée d’un diamantaire monsieur TYPE TAMBWE, le promoteur avait acheté un
terrain vide entre les mains des occupants une année après il décide de
commencer la construction de cet ‘hôtel sous ses fonds propres, la construction
de ce gigantesque immeuble à durer 5ans
il sera inauguré d’ici en 2015 et voilà
aujourd’hui il est considéré comme l’un de bijou. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> L’hôtel Glodi -vip est un hôtel
de trois niveaux plus un raide chaussé, il a cent-trente-deux chambres
réservées à ses clients l’hôtel Glodi continu sa construction suite à sa
diversité des activités pour ses clients et ils sont attirés par le meilleur
service qui est rendu à leur faveur.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<h4 style="line-height: 150%;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902033"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></a></h4>
<h4 style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , "sans-serif"; font-weight: normal;"> </span></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<h4 style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></h4>
<h4 style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.1.3.
OBJECTIF DE GLODI VIP</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L'hôtel Glodi est un établissement offrant un
service d'hébergement payant et il offre aussi plusieurs autres services à sa
clientèle, tels que le restaurant, un mini bar, le cybercafé, salle d<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902034">e réunion et conférence, etc.<o:p></o:p></a></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">II.1.4. STRUCTURE FONCTIONNELLE</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">A.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Le PDG <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Président Directeur général donne des ordres
à suivre au gérant de l'hôtel en vue de la bonne marche de ses affaires.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">B. LE GERANT<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Fait appliquer les méthodes qui
lui sont transmises par son patron enfin de le transmettre fidèlement à ses
subalternes, Selon les réalités de ses services qu’il gère et son rôle
secondaire et d’apporter des innovations dans la perspective de maximiser les
recettes de l’entreprise en concomitance avec les réceptionnistes. Il surveille
toutes les activités de l'hôtel et s'assure de sa bon fonctionnement chaque
fois il transmet. Le rapport général de l'hôtel au PDG avec les détails
suivants ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Il
suit d'un jour à l'autre les activités de tout le secteur de gestion,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Il rédige chaque mois un rapport détaillé sur
la vie de l'entreprise,</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Il
tient à jour tous les documents relevant des taxes et autres obligations de l'entreprise,
Il vérifie l'exécution des tâches ou programmes de fonctionnement dans les
départements de l'hôtel</span>,<o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Il
informe la direction générale des problèmes rencontrés,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Il
supervise directement les services d'identification des clients et de leur
logement,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Il détient les documents
relatifs aux clients et en assure le suivi en ce qui concerne : leur logement,
évolution (séjour) et leur facturation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C. LE SERVICE DE LA RECEPTION<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La réception est considérée comme le centre
de l'hôtel, c'est là que se fait toutes les transactions : accueil des clients,
le tarif de chambres et la disponibilité
des clients. Le réceptionniste comme son nom l'indique est à la réception pour
accueillir les clients. Il travaille 24 heures sur 24 en adoptant un système de
relais (deux réceptionnistes le matin et deux le soir) il se consacre également
aux tâches administratives et commerciales : le planning des réservations, les
relations avec les agences de voyages, le secrétariat de l'accueil, la
vérification de la caisse...<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C’est
à lui de savoir vendre " les gros
clients " (agences, tour-opérateur...) les qualités de son hôtel,
d'anticiper une période de creux, de partir à la recherche de la clientèle ou
encore d'être en bonne relation avec les concurrents pour se rendre des
services, en cas de surréservation par exemple et ainsi de pouvoir s'adresser
mutuellement des clients en surnombre. Le réceptionniste remplit souvent des
responsabilités (en l'absence du directeur de l'hébergement, il peut être
considéré comme le bras droit de gérant): Le Chef de chambre<b> </b>s'assure
du nombre de logés dans tout le centre il Exécute l'ordre du gérant pour loger
ou montrer au client où il va se loger au sein de l’hôtel, son rôle de Montrer les petits documents aux clients ;
lesquels les clients doivent se faire enregistrer il S'assure de la propreté des chambres par
le truchement du chargé de propreté,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Est
le pont entre clients et autres services du centre (restaurant, salle de
conférence,...)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le
Chef de la salle de conférence<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Fait respecter les heures d'occupation de la
salle et suit de près toutes les activités qui s'y déroulent.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">D. LE RESTAURANT ET BAR<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Il
est dirigé par un barman, son rôle est de multiplier le climat de l’ambiance et
proposer à la clientèle de se détendre autour d'un verre avant le repas ou
avant de regagner leur chambre. Il est spécialiste de la préparation de
cocktails, Shaker à la main, le barman confectionne les cocktails commandés par
les clients pour répondre à leur besoin, Toutes les demandes des clients sont
résolues par celui-ci , il connaît
comment classifier le dernier cocktail à la mode et les habitudes de la
clientèle étrangère, La notoriété d'un bar ne se mesure pas seulement de la qualité
des consommations, ou " marche " mais c’est lorsque les clients se sentent accueillis, quand ils y
trouvent une ambiance propice à l'intimité ou, au contraire, à la fête. Il veille
à la qualité de cette ambiance, en dialoguant avec les consommateurs et en les
mettant à l'aise, son rôle est gérer l'approvisionnement de ses stocks en
informant tout manquement à la réception.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">E. Le
service de restaurant <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Il tient la
nourriture prête à tout moment à la disposition de tous les clients au sein de
l'hôtel et il dépend directement du gérant</span>.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">F. SERVICE D'ENTRETIEN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le
service d'entretien est composé de tout le personnel d'entretien, il est dirigé
par le gérant qui confie les tâches et donne toutes les instructions
nécessaires au bon fonctionnement de ce service.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L'ouvrier
d'entretien assure le nettoiement, l'entretien des différents matériaux
indispensables au fonctionnement de l'hôtel, Il entretient régulièrement les matériels
de nettoyage et veille à leur état de bon fonctionnement. Il veille également à
la continuité du fonctionnement des installations de l'hôtel et signale tout
dysfonctionnement qu'il constate. Il effectue aussi des travaux de maintenance
de premier niveau (réparation de prises électriques arrachées, vitres brisées,
huisseries défectueuses, tuyauteries abîmés ...).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">G.BUANDERIE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Se
charge de la propreté des vêtements des clients qui veulent en supporter le
coût.</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Ce service</span>
s'occupe aussi du nettoyage d'autres habits, draps, serviettes,...<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les lingères sont
responsables de l'entretien des linges de l'hôtel. Elles rassemblent et
comptabilisent le linge sale que apportent les chargés de chambre pour ensuite
les confier à la buanderie, quand le linge les revient propre, elle le compte
et le contrôle afin de voir s'il y a des travaux de couture à effectuer avant
de le redistribuer au personnel des étages. Elles se chargent entre autre du
repassage<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pour les clients et elles
peuvent aussi s'occuper de l'entretien des uniformes du personnel de l'hôtel.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">H. JARDINAGE <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les jardiniers réalisent des travaux
d'aménagement et d'entretien des espaces non-bâtis : plantation, ramassage de
feuilles, débroussaillage, arrosage, tailler les fleurs et la pelouse. Ils
entretiennent le matériel d'intervention (tondeuse, débroussailleuse),
effectuent les travaux d'infrastructure comme le terrassement, le baillage. Ils
consignent tous ses travaux pour en rendre compte au réceptionniste et participer
lorsque cela est nécessaire aux travaux exceptionnels liés aux intempéries.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I. GARDIENNAGE </span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L'hôtel étant ouvert 24h sur 24. Il fait
appel au service de gardiennage ou veilleur de nuit qui avait eu la formation
en matière de gardiennage, il sécurise l'hôtel, les clients et leur bien.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le veilleur accueille la
clientèle, et veille à la sécurité des dormeurs.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div>
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><br />
<h3>
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928885"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902038">III.1.5. QUALITES D’UN SYSTEME D’INFORMATION</a><o:p></o:p></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dans
la pratique, un bon système d’information doit avoir les qualités ci-après<a href="file:///D:/PROJET%20DE%20BLOG/MON%20TFC%20OK.docx#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a> :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
fiabilité</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : le système d’information doit fournir
les informations fiables, sans erreurs, autrement dit, celui-ci doit contenir
moins d’erreurs possibles ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
rapidité</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : le système d’information doit mettre
à temps dans un délai court les informations ou résultats à la disposition des
utilisateurs ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">·<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">La
pertinence</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : il doit être à mesure de prendre en
compte toutes les informations qui lui proviennent et analyser les informations
parasites et informations utiles pour enfin diffuser une information nette,
claire, pertinente ou encore bien
traitée avec une bonne précision.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8.0pt;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902040"><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">III.2.
MODELE CONCEPTUEL DE COMMUNICATION</span></b></a><a href="file:///D:/PROJET%20DE%20BLOG/MON%20TFC%20OK.docx#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[2]</span></b></span><!--[endif]--></span></b></span></a><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<h3>
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928886"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902041">III.2.1. DEFINITION</a><o:p></o:p></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le
Modèle conceptuel de communication est la représentation graphique des
communications échangées entre les intervenants d’un même système
d’information. Les concepts communicationnels sont les suivants :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">a)<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Acteurs<i> externes</i></span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : ce sont les acteurs qui agissent dans
le système tout en étant un élément extérieur de celui-ci.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">b)<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Acteurs
internes</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : ce sont les acteurs agissant dans un
système faisant partie du système.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">c)<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Acteurs
domaines</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : ce sont des sous-systèmes d’un
système d’information.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A noter qu’un système se
divise en domaine et sous-domaine :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 14.2pt 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">a)<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Un
flux</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : est un passage d’objets d’un intervenant à un
autre. L’objet est émis par un intervenant (l’émetteur) et reçu par un autre
(le récepteur) ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 14.2pt 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">b)<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Un
message</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : est objet transmis ne contenant que
des informations. Les intervenant communiquent par message ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 14.2pt 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">c)<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Un
modèle de communication</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : est un dessin représentant les
flux d’information (messages) ou non informationnels échangés entre les
intervenants internes de l’entreprise et les intervenants externes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h3>
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928887">III.2.2. NARRATION</a><o:p></o:p></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Au
besoin le client se présente à la réception pour formuler sa demande, celle-ci
le reçoit et consulte le plan de l'hôtel pour vérifier les chambres disponibles
et le tarif selon la requête du client. Si la demande est favorable, le client
passe chez le facturier on lui établit la facture à deux exemplaires en suite
si le client est prêt, paie sa facture à la caisse directement et ses deux
exemplaires de factures seront marquées, dans le cas contraire, il paie avant
de quitter l'hôtel, le réceptionniste enregistre identités du client dans le
bulletin de police, le registre des clients et dans le plan de l'hôtel pour
signaler l'occupation de la chambre tout en indiquant l'heure et jour d'entrée,
et jour de sortie(jour de départ), on établit .À la fin de la journée, la
réception établit un rapport donnant la situation globale de toutes les
chambres occupées et inoccupées et sur tous les clients reçus ou partant dans
la journée pour servir le rapport à l'agence de renseignement et déposer des rapports
financier<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc393389117">s à la banque(DGM, ANR, etc.)<o:p></o:p></a></span></div>
<h3>
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928888">III.2.3.
MODELE CONCEPTUEL DE COMMUNICATION BRUT</a><o:p></o:p></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le
Modèle conceptuel de communication brut est la décomposition de tous les
systèmes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 70.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Il se présente de la manière suivante<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%;">Demande de renseignement,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%;">Renseignement fourni,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%;">Présentation de la disponibilité des chambres,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%;">Chambre disponible,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%;">Présentation du tarif,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<br />
<div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%;">6.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%;">Choix effectué.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%;">7.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%;">Etablissement de la facture,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%;">8.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%;">Paiement de la facture,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%;">9.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%;">Présentation de la facture à la réception<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%;">10.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%;">Enregistrement ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%;">11.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.5pt; line-height: 150%;">Rapport
hebdomadaire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
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</v:rect><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc393389118"></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></div>
<br clear="ALL" />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-outline-level: 1; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928889"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902042"><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">III.2.4. MODELE CONCEPTUEL DE
COMMUNICATION NET</span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Acteurs :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1)<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Client
(externe),<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1)<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Directeur général (interne)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2)<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Gérant (interne),<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3)<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Comptable (interne),<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4)<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Caissier (interne)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">5)<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Réceptionniste (interne),<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">6)<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Directeur général (interne),<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">7)<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Services de renseignement (externe).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">8)<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Banque (externe)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">III.2.5 PRESENTATION
DU MCC NET<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Légende :<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Demande de renseignement,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" />
</span>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">B.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Renseignement fourni,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" />
</span>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Présentation de la disponibilité des chambres,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" />
</span>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">D.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Chambre disponible,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">E.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Présentation du tarif,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">F.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Choix<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" />
</span>
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<div class="WordSection5">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">G.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Établissement
de la facture,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">H.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Paiement de
la facture,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Présentation
de la facture à la réception,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">J.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Enregistrement ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">K.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Rapport
hebdomadaire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Rapport</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">III.3.
MODELE CONCEPTUEL DE TRAITEMENT (MCT)</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le modèle
conceptuel des traitements permet de traiter la dynamique du système
d’information, c'est-à-dire les opérations qui sont réalisées en fonction
d’événements et nous conduit à déterminer des processus, c'est-à-dire des
unités homogènes de préoccupation (des ensembles de traitement). Ici on pose la
question « Qui fait quoi ?», c'est-à-dire quel traitement effectué<a href="file:///D:/PROJET%20DE%20BLOG/MON%20TFC%20OK.docx#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><sup><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><sup><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></sup><!--[endif]--></sup></a> ?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928890"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902044"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc393389120"><span class="Titre3Car"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">III.3.1.
IDENTIFICATION DU DOMAINE, PROCESSUS,</span></span></a><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> OPERATION</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ü<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Domaine</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : Gestion
Commerciale.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ü<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Processus</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : Gestion des clients (processus
est un enchainement synchronisé d'opération qui représente une unité homogène
de préoccupation de <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’entreprise.)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Demande de renseignement,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">B.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Présentation de la disponibilité des chambres,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Présentation du tarif,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">D.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Établissement de la facture,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">E.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Paiement de la facture,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">F.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Présentation de la facture à la réception,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">G.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Enregistrement ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]-->H.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Rapport journalier</span>,<o:p></o:p></div>
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<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928891"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc423093156"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902045"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc393389121"><span class="Titre3Car"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">III.3.2.
DEFINITION DES FORMALISMES EVENEMENT, OPERATION,</span></span></a><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> RESULTAT (E.O.R)</span></b><a href="file:///D:/PROJET%20DE%20BLOG/MON%20TFC%20OK.docx#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" title=""><sup><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><sup><span style="font-family: "calibri" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">[2]</span></sup><!--[endif]--></sup></a><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1) <b>Evénement </b>: est la représentation du fait
nouveau pour le système étudié ; fait est porteur d'information.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2) <b>Opération </b>: est la réaction du système, sous
forme de traitement face à l'arrivée d'un événement ou d'un ensemble
d'événement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3) <b>Résultat </b>: est la représentation de la
réponse codifiée du système généré par une opération.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928892"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902046"><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">III.3.3. PRESENTATION DU MODELE
CONCEPTUEL DES TRAITEMENTS</span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<h2 style="line-height: 150%;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928893"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;">III.3.4 MODELE
CONCEPTUEL DE DONNEES (MCD)</span></a><a href="file:///D:/PROJET%20DE%20BLOG/MON%20TFC%20OK.docx#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><sup><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><b><sup><span style="font-family: "calibri light" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></sup></b><!--[endif]--></sup></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le Modèle
Conceptuel de Données (MCD) a pour but de décrire de façon formelle les données
qui seront utilisées par le système d’information. Il s’agit donc d’une
représentation des données, facilement compréhensible, permettant de décrire le
système d’information à l’aide des entités.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Il est un
schéma conceptuel des données(SCD) qui est une représentation graphique de la
structure des données dans laquelle ne figure aucune redondance, et il est
aussi désigné par les termes : modèle entité-association(MEA) ou modèle
entité-relation(MER), en plus au niveau conceptuel, on répond seulement à la
question Quoi (que faire) ? Mais il est construit sur des dépendances
fonctionnelles élémentaires et directes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Un schéma
conceptuel de données est un modèle, c'est-à-dire une représentation simplifiée
de la réalité ; bâti à l'aide d'entités et d'associations ; une entité
représente un objet ayant une existence propre. Elle est figuré par un
rectangle et porte obligatoirement un nom, l'entité dispose d'un identifiant
auquel contient généralement d'a<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc393389124">utres propriétés (une
données).<o:p></o:p></a></span></div>
<h4 style="line-height: 150%;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902050"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">III.4. DEFINITION DES CONCEPTS</span></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></h4>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ü<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Entité</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> :
ensemble d’informations se rapportant à un même sujet (personne, objet, etc.) ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ü<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Propriété </span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">: est une
information décrivant une entité ; donc elle est un élément de détail de
l’entité.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ü<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Relation</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : est une
association entre divers objets du modèle.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ü<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cardinalité</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> :
représente pour chaque couple objet-relation, les nombres minimum et maximum
d'occurrence de l'objet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ü<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cardinalité
maximale </span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">: est le nombre maximum de fois qu’une entité peut
participer à une relation ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ü<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cardinalité
minimale </span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">: est le nombre minimum de fois qu’une entité peut
participer à une relation ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ü<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Identifiant </span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">: est une
propriété clé, identifiable de manière claire, sans ambigüité et non
redondante ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ü<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Occurrence
d'une propriété</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : est le nombre de valeurs distinctes prise par cette
propriété.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ü<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Occurrence
d'une relation</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : est le nombre d'objets participant dans une
relation par l'occurrence.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ü<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Données</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : sont
des informations stockées sur un support magnétique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ü<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dimension
d'une relation</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : est le nombre d'objet type participant dans une
relation type.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ü<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dépendance
fonctionnelle</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : est aussi appelée contrainte d'intégrité
fonctionnelle ; est un cas particulier de la relation binaire, non porteuse des
données et ayant des cardinalités de type (1,1-0, n) ou (1,1-1, n), l'intérêt
de telle relation est qu'elle permet de simplifier de relations qui ne
concordent pas <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ü<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dictionnaire
des données</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> : est un document où on récapitule toutes les données
utiles à une application, hormis les constantes, avec leurs descriptions, leur
nature et règles et contraintes qui s'y apportent la construction d'un
dictionnaire des données répond globalement à cet objecti<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902051"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc393389133">f<o:p></o:p></a></span></div>
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<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928894"><b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">III.4.1. PRESENTATION DU MODELE CONCEPTUEL DE DONNEES (MCD)</span></i></b></a><b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928895"><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">III.4.2. MODELE DES DOCUMENTS ET DESCRIPTION</span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928896"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424605340">Pendant l’analyse informatique l’étude des documents
qu’utilisent l’entreprise est très indispensable. C’est pourquoi il est demandé
aux analystes programmeurs de réserver au minimum un formulaire pour l’enregistrement
des documents administratifs de l’entreprise</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">III.4.3
RECENSEMENT DES POSTES DU TRAVAIL <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">- Postes
internes : Réception.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">- Postes
externes : Client, Agence de renseignement<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A. Description des postes du travail<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1)
Poste Internet<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A. Réception :
donne toute les informations nécessaires au client qui veut avoir un service au
sein de l'hôtel, enregistre tous les clients et chambres ou appartements
occupés ou inoccupés, enregistre toutes les identités du client dans le
bulletin de police, entre en contact avec les entreprises, organisme et les
ministères pour gagner la clientèle en faveur de l'hôtel.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Postes Externes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> B.
Client : formule la demande d'occupation de chambre ou appartement, c'est
un poste capital sans lequel l'hôtel ne peut fonctionner.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C. Agence
de renseignement : est chargé de contrôler tous les clients qui occupent
les chambres ou appartements durant une période donnée au sein de l'hôtel, il
reçoit un rapport journalier provenant du service de réception sur tous les
clients enregistrés<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">III.4.4 DESCRIPTION ET MODELES DES
DOCUMENTS<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Facture : est un document comptable
mentionnant le détail et le coût des produits et prestations fournis (par une
société à un client) afin d'en demander ou d'en attester le règlement<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 7.1pt; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 7.1pt; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 7.1pt; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Elle comprend : </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’entête de
la facture comprend les écrits suivants ;</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">HOTEL
GLOGI VIP Kisangani le... /... /2O....<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">commune ;
MAKISO<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">avenue ;
KITIMA n°2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">KISANGANI
Facture N° /GH2008/...<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">RDC<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mr,
M<sup>me</sup>, doit ce qui suit :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Désignations :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Séjour :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Prix unitaire
et prix total :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-outline-level: 1;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928894">
</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1.
Voici l’entête d’une facture figure</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="WordSection1">
<div style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">6. Rapport Journalier</span></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "WenQuanYi Micro Hei";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">: Donne la situation générale sur tous
les clients reçus dans la journée.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">III.4.5
ETUDE DES MOYENS DE TRAITEMENT<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Les moyens de traitement
constituent l'ensemble des ressources matérielles, humaines ou financières
utilisées pour gérer les informations circulant dans l'organisation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">A.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Les
moyens matériels <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Les moyens matériels utilisés à
l’hôtel GLODI VIP sont :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span lang="DE" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" />
</span>
</div>
<div class="WordSection2">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Papier<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Bic</span><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Bic</span><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Marker<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Crayon<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">5.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Gomes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">6.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Latte<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">7.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Registre<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">8.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Cahier
ministre<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">9.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Fiche<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">10.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Étagère<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">11.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Armoire<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">12.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Classeur<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">13.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Farde
chemise<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">14.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Agrafeuse<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">15.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Agrafe<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">16.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Chaise<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">17.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Table<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">18.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Perforateur<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">19.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tampon<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" />
</span>
</div>
<div class="WordSection3">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">20.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Un
ordinateur Pentium III, 500Mhz, 256 Mo RAM, 8 Go<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">21.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Une
photocopieuse canon PC780<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">22.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
logiciels utilisés : Microsoft office 2003 (Excel et Word)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">23.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le
système d'exploitation : XP Professionnel<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">24.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le
réseau internet avec connexion sans<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" />
</span>
</div>
<div class="WordSection4">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">B .la liste de personnel<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Gestionnaire(Gérant) L2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Réceptionniste G3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Secrétaire L2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Restaurant &Barman D6<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Comptable interne L2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 117.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; tab-stops: 14.2pt; text-indent: -117.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">C.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">moyens humains<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Les
ressources humaines utilisées par Hôtel GLODI VIP pour le traitement de
l'information sont expérimentées et qualifiées, les voici dans le tableau
suivant :<br clear="all" />
Au total nous avons 9agent interne, Nous signalons que tous les personnels du
présent hôtel à partir de gérant jusqu'aux gardiens ont eu une formation à leur
poste respectif. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
</div>
<div class="WordSection5">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span></b>
</div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">III.4.6
ETUDE DE CIRCULATION DES INFORMATIONS<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">A.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><strong><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";">Schéma
de circulation des informations</span></strong><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div>
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-outline-level: 1; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-outline-level: 1; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928897"><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">III.5. REGLES DE GESTION</span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-outline-level: 1; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 106.35pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -106.35pt;">
<b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">RG1 (Recevoir) : <o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">- Un service reçoit un ou plusieurs clients. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">- Un client est reçu par un ou plusieurs services. <i>Cardinalité : (1, n), (1, n).</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">RG2 (Présenter) :<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">- Un Service présente un ou plusieurs documents.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">- Un document est présenté par un et un seul service. Cardinalité : (1, n),
(1,1)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">RG3 (Payer) : <o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Une facture
est payée par un et un seul client. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Un client
paye une ou plusieurs factures. Cardinalité : (1, 1), (1, n)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">RG4 (Enregistrer)</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">- Un client est enregistré dans un ou plusieurs documents.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 1.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">- Un
document enregistre un ou plusieurs clients. Cardinalité : (1, n), (1,
n)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">RG5 (Occuper)</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Une chambre
est occupée par un et un seul client. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Un client
occupe une et une seule chambre. Cardinalité : (1,1), (1,1)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-outline-level: 1; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-outline-level: 1; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18.0pt;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928898"><b><i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">III.5.1. </span></i></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">RECENSEMENT
ET DESCRIPTION DES OBJETS</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-outline-level: 1; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le recensement des
objets (données d'un projet informatique), est une opération qui consiste à
faire le dénombrement aux éléments fondamentaux servant de base à un
raisonnement, de recherche pour réaliser ce qu'on a intentionné de faire.
L’objet est définit comme une association des propriétés ; il est toute entité,
tout phénomène ou toute réalité perceptible du monde réel ayant une existence
propre et possédant de propriétés qui les distingue des autres objets du
système. Pour la gestion des clients, voici les objets que nous avons recensés
: Service, Document, Client, Facture, Chambre.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-outline-level: 1; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc424928899"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc422902055"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Toc393389128"><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">III.5.2. DESCRIPTION SEMANTIQUE DES OBJETS</span></b></a><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: -22.95pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid black; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid black; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 815px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.3pt;" valign="top" width="41"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">N°<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.5pt;" valign="top" width="109"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">OBJET<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 44.85pt;" valign="top" width="75"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">NBRE OCC<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 138.95pt;" valign="top" width="232"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">DEFINITION
SEMANTIQUE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 95.55pt;" valign="top" width="159"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">PROPRIETE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 70.3pt;" valign="top" width="117"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">IDENTIFIANT<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.6pt;" valign="top" width="83"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: FR;">TAILLE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 1.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td rowspan="6" style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.3pt;" valign="top" width="41"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td rowspan="6" style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.5pt;" valign="top" width="109"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Service<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td rowspan="6" style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 44.85pt;" valign="top" width="75"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">60<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td rowspan="6" style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 138.95pt;" valign="top" width="232"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Est une activité<br />
professionnelle<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 95.55pt;" valign="top" width="159"></td>
<td rowspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 70.3pt;" valign="top" width="117"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Codserv<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.6pt;" valign="top" width="83"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">10<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 13.25pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 13.25pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 95.55pt;" valign="top" width="159"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Codserv<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 10.85pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 10.85pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 95.55pt;" valign="top" width="159"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nomserv<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 10.85pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 70.3pt;" valign="top" width="117"></td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 10.85pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.6pt;" valign="top" width="83"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">20<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 21.4pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td rowspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 21.4pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 95.55pt;" valign="top" width="159"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Libserv<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 21.4pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 70.3pt;" valign="top" width="117"></td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 21.4pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.6pt;" valign="top" width="83"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">30<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 12.8pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.8pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 70.3pt;" valign="top" width="117"></td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.8pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 49.6pt;" valign="top" width="83"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> 60<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 95.55pt;" valign="top" width="159"></td>
<td colspan="3" style="border: none; mso-cell-special: placeholder; padding: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;" width="200"><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 12.35pt; mso-row-margin-right: 14.15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td rowspan="4" style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 12.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.3pt;" valign="top" width="41"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td rowspan="4" style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.5pt;" valign="top" width="109"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Document<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td rowspan="4" style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 44.85pt;" valign="top" width="75"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">60<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td rowspan="4" style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 138.95pt;" valign="top" width="232"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Objet servant<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">d'information, de<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">preuve, de témoignage.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.35pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 95.55pt;" valign="top" width="159"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Codedoc<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 12.35pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 70.3pt;" valign="top" width="117"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Coddoc<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 12.35pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="59"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">10<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; mso-cell-special: placeholder; padding: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;" width="24"><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 12.7pt; mso-row-margin-right: 14.15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.7pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 95.55pt;" valign="top" width="159"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nomdoc<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.7pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 70.3pt;" valign="top" width="117"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.7pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="59"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">20<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; mso-cell-special: placeholder; padding: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;" width="24"><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 13.95pt; mso-row-margin-right: 14.15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 9;">
<td rowspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 13.95pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 95.55pt;" valign="top" width="159"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Libdoc<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 13.95pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 70.3pt;" valign="top" width="117"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 13.95pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="59"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">30<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; mso-cell-special: placeholder; padding: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;" width="24"><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 14.4pt; mso-row-margin-right: 14.15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 10;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 14.4pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: black; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: black; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: windowtext; mso-border-width-alt: .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 70.3pt;" valign="top" width="117"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 14.4pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="59"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">T 60<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; mso-cell-special: placeholder; padding: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;" width="24"><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="5" style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 24.3pt;" valign="top" width="41"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td rowspan="5" style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 65.5pt;" valign="top" width="109"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Client<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td rowspan="5" style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 44.85pt;" valign="top" width="75"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">205<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td rowspan="5" style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 138.95pt;" valign="top" width="232"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Personne qui recourt à des<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">services contre paiement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 95.55pt;" valign="top" width="159"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Codecli<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 70.3pt;" valign="top" width="117"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Codecli<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="59"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">10<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; mso-cell-special: placeholder; padding: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;" width="24"><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 95.55pt;" valign="top" width="159"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nomcli<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 70.3pt;" valign="top" width="117"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="59"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">40<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; mso-cell-special: placeholder; padding: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;" width="24"><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 95.55pt;" valign="top" width="159"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Lieunaiss<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 70.3pt;" valign="top" width="117"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="59"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">20<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; mso-cell-special: placeholder; padding: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;" width="24"><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 95.55pt;" valign="top" width="159"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Datenaiss<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 70.3pt;" valign="top" width="117"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="59"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">10<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; mso-cell-special: placeholder; padding: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;" width="24"><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</td>
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<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 95.55pt;" valign="top" width="159"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sexecli<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 70.3pt;" valign="top" width="117"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="59"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: 2.0cm; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">10<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; mso-cell-special: placeholder; padding: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;" width="24"><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
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ZAWAD G, Automatisation de la gestion de stock dans un centre de transit pour
enfant en rupture familiale, TFC, inédit, ISIG, 2003-204<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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CT MUNDA, Cours de MERISE II, 2011 - 2012<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///D:/PROJET%20DE%20BLOG/MON%20TFC%20OK.docx#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" title=""></a><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%;">KIKUNI J cours de MAI G3 ig 2014-2015</span><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "calibri light" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 70.9pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt;">
<a href="file:///D:/PROJET%20DE%20BLOG/MON%20TFC%20OK.docx#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "calibri light" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "calibri light" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt;"> KUYUNSA MAYU, A., Technique de
Base de données, cours inédit, G<sub>3</sub> Informatique de Gestion, ISP-KIS,
2013-2014, p.2.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 70.9pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.9pt;">
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Notes de cours de Méthodologie d’Analyse Informatique II, Cours inédit, G3
Informatique de Gestion, ISP-KIS, 2014-2015, pp.9-10.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<div class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 70.9pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-indent: -70.9pt;">
<a href="file:///D:/PROJET%20DE%20BLOG/MON%20TFC%20OK.docx#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title=""><span class="Titre2Car"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="Titre2Car"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: FR; mso-bidi-language: HI; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-font-kerning: .5pt;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "calibri light" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;"> Professeur VITAMARA IRS G2
ISP-KIS 2013-2014 <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///D:/PROJET%20DE%20BLOG/MON%20TFC%20OK.docx#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" title=""></a><span style="font-family: "arial narrow" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">VITAMARA, 2013, IRS, cours inédit, G2
IG, ISP/KIS<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///D:/PROJET%20DE%20BLOG/MON%20TFC%20OK.docx#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "calibri light" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 115%;">[4]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "calibri light" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 115%;">BEAUCOURT,
M. et Alii, Dictionnaire Usuel, Ed. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "calibri light" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Larousse,
Paris, 1986<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///D:/PROJET%20DE%20BLOG/MON%20TFC%20OK.docx#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">[5]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span class="reference-text"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Colin Ritchie,</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span><span class="reference-text"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Database Principles
and Design, Cengage Learning EMEA - 2008,</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span><span class="reference-text"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">(</span></span><a href="http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ISBN</span></a><span class="reference-text"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span><a href="http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9781844805402" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9781844805402"><span class="nowrap"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; text-decoration: none;">9781844805402</span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///D:/PROJET%20DE%20BLOG/MON%20TFC%20OK.docx#_ftnref7" name="_ftn7" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">[7]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> IDM<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///D:/PROJET%20DE%20BLOG/MON%20TFC%20OK.docx#_ftnref8" name="_ftn8" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">[8]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span><span class="reference-text"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Nick Dowling,</span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span><span class="reference-text"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Database Design And
Management Using Access, Cengage Learning EMEA - 2000,(</span></span><a href="http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ISBN</span></a><span class="reference-text"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span><span class="nowrap"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; text-decoration: none;"><a href="http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9781844801091" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9781844801091">978184480</a></span></span></div>
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<a href="file:///D:/PROJET%20DE%20BLOG/MON%20TFC%20OK.docx#_ftnref9" name="_ftn9" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">[9]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><a href="http://www.openclassroom.com/sgbd/typologie"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">www.openclassroom.com/sgbd/typologie</span></a><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">; consulté le 17 mars 2015 à 14h45<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.commentcamarche.net/"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">www.commentcamarche.net</span></a><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="blogger-post-footer">Admin Joseph Akhudi</div>Joseph Akhudi Duduhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01126680684409664323noreply@blogger.com8Kisangani, République démocratique du Congo0.51854760630074059 25.2022247062996030.45503560630074058 25.121543706299605 0.58205960630074061 25.2829057062996tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1250208101143042235.post-1707451850073595742017-08-31T04:11:00.001-07:002017-08-31T04:14:24.915-07:00Comment concevoir une carte pour la Gestion de Système d'Information Géographique en utilisant le QGIS<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
ici nous vous présentons quelques interfaces graphiques<br />
<h2 style="text-align: left;">
l'informatique est un domaine très vaste son enseignement au sein des universités et instituts supérieurs pausent énormément de difficultés cela est dû</h2>
à la rareté des professeurs qualifié en informatique<br />
manque de logiciel professionnel<br />
manque de laboratoire informatique achalandé<br />
c'est ainsi, que j'avais décidé d'apprendre ce cours moi même par l'autoformation heureusement je l'ai approfondi voilà j<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
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e partage mon expérience avec vous</div>
<div class="blogger-post-footer">Admin Joseph Akhudi</div>Joseph Akhudi Duduhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01126680684409664323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1250208101143042235.post-12818074898559116782017-08-28T06:06:00.001-07:002017-08-31T06:02:03.351-07:00Formation Professionnelle<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> une Offre spéciale Aux Ingénieurs En Technologie de l'Information et de la Communication : Besoin
d’une formation Professionnelle ?</span></b><br />
<b>formateur </b><b><span style="font-size: medium;">Joseph AKHUDI DUDU</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Bureau d’Etudes et des Réalisations de Projets Informatiques
de Kisangani est un Centre de Formation <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>en Nouvelle Technologie de l’Information et de
la Communication dans le domaine de Développement de Génie Logiciel en IT et de
Système de Gestion de Base des Données Client / Serveur Le BERPI-KIS a pour Objectif :
</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 115%;">de former <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>les Étudiants finalistes de G3 et L2 au
département de l’Informatique et Télécommunication afin de Concevoir et Réaliser
des Logiciels Intelligents capable de <br />
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<span style="font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1r282uwId2Pr-imIC3-1uB8k7Ce8kSL1aTBI5CWqgw0zKU4CyZZGqEguq1Iz8tIO7MePasu4MQ7zXHRVSWZSWEuaUvNuvFr43uAvtoPcV2IFjyngD4JumF8FhBixE1OTIfAw2Fm9lTQ0/s1600/DESING+BRHT.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="276" data-original-width="277" height="199" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1r282uwId2Pr-imIC3-1uB8k7Ce8kSL1aTBI5CWqgw0zKU4CyZZGqEguq1Iz8tIO7MePasu4MQ7zXHRVSWZSWEuaUvNuvFr43uAvtoPcV2IFjyngD4JumF8FhBixE1OTIfAw2Fm9lTQ0/s200/DESING+BRHT.png" width="200" /></a></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 115%;">répondre aux besoins réels de l’Entreprise
conformément au Cahier de Charge.</span></div>
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 115%;">
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<span style="font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Vendre <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>des bases des données, des applications et des
logiciels conformément à la demande des clients. BERPI organise une toute dernière
formation Professionnelle aux Langages de Programmations ci-dessous :</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">N</span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">SORTE DE LOGICIEL</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">LANGAGE DE PROGRAMMATION ET DE BASE DES DONNEES</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">De jours</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">PRIX</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">01</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">Base des données connectée à l’Internet </span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">Client/serveur<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>et distribuée </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">W-langage, Java Compilator</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">SGBD : HyperflySQL</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">De WinDev 20 et 21</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">10 jours</span></div>
</td><td colspan="2" style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 46.9pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 76.25pt;" valign="top" width="102"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> 100</span>$
seulement</span></b></div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 5.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;"><td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-image: none; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; height: 5.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 26.95pt;" valign="top" width="36"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">02</span></div>
</td><td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 5.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 142.15pt;" valign="top" width="190"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">Programmation Mobile Androïde</span></div>
</td><td colspan="2" style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 5.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 166.5pt;" valign="top" width="222"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">W-langage </span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">SQL Lite</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">HyperflySQL </span></div>
</td><td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 5.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.6pt;" valign="top" width="78"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">10 jours</span></div>
</td><td colspan="2" style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 5.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 76.25pt;" valign="top" width="102"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> 120</span>$
seulement</span></b></div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 21.25pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;"><td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-image: none; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; height: 21.25pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 26.95pt;" valign="top" width="36"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">03</span></div>
</td><td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 21.25pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 142.15pt;" valign="top" width="190"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">Base des données
ORACLE<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Local Post</span></div>
</td><td colspan="2" style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 21.25pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 166.5pt;" valign="top" width="222"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">SQL</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">ORACLE </span></div>
</td><td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 21.25pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.6pt;" valign="top" width="78"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">3 jours</span></div>
</td><td colspan="2" style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 21.25pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 76.25pt;" valign="top" width="102"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">80$ seulement</span></b></div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 8.95pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;"><td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-image: none; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; height: 8.95pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 26.95pt;" valign="top" width="36"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">04</span></div>
</td><td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 8.95pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 142.15pt;" valign="top" width="190"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">Base des données </span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">En Visuel Basic </span></div>
</td><td colspan="2" style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 8.95pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 166.5pt;" valign="top" width="222"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">VB Net</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">SQL</span></div>
</td><td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 8.95pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 58.6pt;" valign="top" width="78"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">14 jours</span></div>
</td><td colspan="2" style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 8.95pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 76.25pt;" valign="top" width="102"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> 70</span>$
seulement</span></b></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 15.55pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;"><td colspan="7" style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-image: none; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; height: 15.55pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 470.5pt;" valign="top" width="627"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">LA PROGRAMMATION WEB ET GESTION DE BLOG SPOT.COM</span></b></div>
</td></tr>
<tr style="height: 11.1pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;"><td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-image: none; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; height: 11.1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt; width: 26.95pt;" valign="top" width="36"><div style="line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 5.4pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 115%;">01</span></div>
</td><td colspan="2" style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 11.1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt; width: 172pt;" valign="top" width="229"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">Site web dynamique</span></div>
</td><td colspan="3" style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 11.1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt; width: 220.25pt;" valign="top" width="294"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">HTLM 5, CSS, PHP, JavaScript et SQL</span></div>
</td><td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 11.1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt; width: 51.25pt;" valign="top" width="68"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">14 Jrs</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 6.7pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-image: none; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; height: 6.7pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt; width: 26.95pt;" valign="top" width="36"><div style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 5.4pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 115%;">02</span></div>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 6.7pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt; width: 172pt;" valign="top" width="229"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Blog
spot.com et Web line</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">Gestion
de contenu en Ligne via<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>HTTP et FTPP
et FilaZila </span></div>
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 6.7pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt; width: 220.25pt;" valign="top" width="294"><div align="center" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">HTML, Jquerry et java script</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">Gestion de serveur free Google</span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; height: 6.7pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 3.5pt; width: 51.25pt;" valign="top" width="68"><div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">5 jours</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr height="0">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-image: none; border: 0px rgb(0, 0, 0);" width="36"></td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-image: none; border: 0px rgb(0, 0, 0);" width="190"></td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-image: none; border: 0px rgb(0, 0, 0);" width="40"></td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-image: none; border: 0px rgb(0, 0, 0);" width="182"></td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-image: none; border: 0px rgb(0, 0, 0);" width="78"></td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-image: none; border: 0px rgb(0, 0, 0);" width="33"></td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-image: none; border: 0px rgb(0, 0, 0);" width="68"></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Hâtez-vous
le nombre est limité .Début des formations : le 16 Avril jusqu’au 29 avril
2017. A vous Joseph AKHUDI <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Consultant en
SGBD et Génie Logiciel</b>.</span><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2c3MswTL4sQQ-uyPiu1iyaLq8JpYsN9JFZk9IcLfrzZD7h-boXkaUXV1d9FwolCiBi_RtcN6Z7AjUSOlGbRGGp_-ql6iDP-uIfID1UPBQg1SLcu1sVjnC4cqz4hXLhB2uzw539Xt5NLQ/s1600/Joseph.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1569" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2c3MswTL4sQQ-uyPiu1iyaLq8JpYsN9JFZk9IcLfrzZD7h-boXkaUXV1d9FwolCiBi_RtcN6Z7AjUSOlGbRGGp_-ql6iDP-uIfID1UPBQg1SLcu1sVjnC4cqz4hXLhB2uzw539Xt5NLQ/s1600/Joseph.jpg" /></a></div>
<br /></div>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
<div class="blogger-post-footer">Admin Joseph Akhudi</div>Joseph Akhudi Duduhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01126680684409664323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1250208101143042235.post-16353857467740852132017-08-23T05:18:00.005-07:002020-11-06T02:33:37.245-08:00Qui suis - Je JOSEPH AKHUDI DUDU<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br />
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">je m’appelle Joseph AKHUDI DUDU GEEK</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "calibri";">né le 01/Mais/1991 j’ai étudié à L’ECOLE
PRIMAIRE KILO-MOTO à Watsa </span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">mon école secondaire je l'ai fait à
L’ECOLE D’APPLICATION DU CEPROMAD D’ARU à la fin de l’aventure j’ai Obtenu mon
diplôme <b>d’Etat à l’option Technique Sociale </b>au sein de l’ECOLE D’APPLICATION DU
CEPROMAD D’ARU à l’Edition 2011-2012</span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">je suis <b>Licencié en
Informatique de Gestion</b> à L’Institut Supérieur Pédagogique de Kisangani l’année
académique 2016-2017 </span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri";">et détenteur des plusieurs maitrises de formation en ligne </span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri";">L’histoire commence dans le
territoire de </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Watsa dans l’ex Province
orientale en République Démocratique du Congo ou se trouve la grande société
minière KIBALI GOLD </span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri";">Dès l’Age de 12 ans mon père
ARAKAYO- DUDU fut inspecteur Général de la Coordination des Enseignants à
l’époque je l’aidais à dactylographier ses rapports hebdomadaires et mensuel</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "calibri";">à l’aide de Machine à écrire, quelques années
après l’apparition de l’ordinateur dans le milieu Mon père décida de m’acheter
mon tout premier ordinateur IBM-Corporation qui cartonnait à l’époque l’avoir
était </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "calibri";">destiné aux nobles</span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri";"> Joseph AKHUDI DUDU et son grand frère </span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxHg6sYe53MyRxuaHkAbzumXEK9Jr_E3cE4-N9HcNHhcdoJvdb8Z-ys44WPq50EBQqCkWJMbXl7jLTwoqHOnwFhwiw5cQvcv7JYBlB6aVAGyMpkN7E0PWR-fihq63fk3WDY9oqzZJHar4/s1600/Scan10001.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="950" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxHg6sYe53MyRxuaHkAbzumXEK9Jr_E3cE4-N9HcNHhcdoJvdb8Z-ys44WPq50EBQqCkWJMbXl7jLTwoqHOnwFhwiw5cQvcv7JYBlB6aVAGyMpkN7E0PWR-fihq63fk3WDY9oqzZJHar4/s1600/Scan10001.JPG" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri";"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri";">à l'Age de 17 Ans j'ai réussi en concevoir une application qui faisait la une des journaux avec mon Ami du travail NGONA BOBINAMA </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri";">En Raison d’étude j’ai été obligé
de quitter mes parents car ils avaient toujours voulu que j’aie étudié dans des
écoles prestigieuses </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "calibri";">de la ville à
2007-2008</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri";">A 2012-2013 j’avais pris la
décision de vivre ma propre vie</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "calibri";">dans le
monde numérique afin de concrétiser mes rêvés de chaque jours </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri";">Qui est « celui de devenir ingénieur
en IT »</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri";">Ce dans cette optique que j’ai
longtemps réfléchi comment délivré les jeunes </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "calibri";">congolais vivant en RDC particulièrement de la
ville de Kisangani situé à l’Est du pays de l’analphabète informatique car
l’ordinateur est devenu un outil du travail incontesté et incontestable dans le
monde professionnel</span></div>
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<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Que faut-il faire pour délivré les jeunes de
cette situation chaotique qui leurs rende la vie difficile de trouver un
emploi ?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri";">Etant qu’un pédagogue agrée et professionnel informaticien
de Gestion en partenariat avec</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "calibri";">le Centre
de développement de Logiciel de Kisangani AMURISOFT nous offrons aux jeunes de
formations professionnelles adaptées aux exigences de marchés d’emplois et même
standing international</span></div>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
<div class="blogger-post-footer">Admin Joseph Akhudi</div>Joseph Akhudi Duduhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01126680684409664323noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1250208101143042235.post-49218582534198723112017-08-05T04:07:00.002-07:002017-08-09T06:34:23.199-07:00ALLOCUTION DE REPRESENTANT DES LAUREATS DE L’INSTITUT SUPERIEUR PEDAGOGIQUE DE KISANGANI A L’OCCASION DE DOUBLE CEREMONIE DE LA COLLATION DE GRADES ACADEMIQUE ET DE LA CLOTURE DE L’ANNEE ACADEMIQUE 2016-2017 LE 31 juillet 17<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b><span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">INSTITUT SUPERIEUR PEDAGOGIQUE DE KISANGANI</span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">REPRESENTANT DE LAUREATS <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "cambria" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ALLOCUTION DE REPRESENTANT DES LAUREATS DE L’INSTITUT SUPERIEUR PEDAGOGIQUE DE KISANGANI A L’OCCASION DE DOUBLE CEREMONIE DE LA COLLATION DE GRADES ACADEMIQUE ET DE LA <u>CLOTURE DE L’ANNEE ACADEMIQUE 2016-2017 LE 31 juillet 17</u></span></b><o:p></o:p></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Présentanté par Monsieur Joseph AKHUDI DUDU licencié en Informatique de Gestion année académique 2016-2017<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]-->•<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "cambria" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Excellence monsieur le Gouverneur de la Province de la Tshopo (ou ici représenté) ;</span></b><o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]-->•<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "cambria" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Honorable Président de l’Assemblée Provinciale (ou ici représenté) ;</span></b><o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]-->•<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "cambria" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Honorables Sénateurs et députés Nationaux et Provinciaux ;</span></b><o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]-->•<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "cambria" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mesdames et messieurs les membres du Comité Provincial de la Sécurité ;</span></b><o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]-->•<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "cambria" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Monsieur le Maire de la ville de Kisangani ;</span></b><o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]-->•<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "cambria" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mesdames et messieurs les Chefs d’Etablissements et membres des comités de Gestion des Institutions de l’Enseignement Supérieurs et Universitaire de la ville de Kisangani et ses environs ;</span></b><o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]-->•<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "cambria" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Monsieur le Bourgmestre de la commune de Makiso ;</span></b><o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]-->•<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "cambria" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Messieurs les membres du Personnel Académique et Scientifique des institutions d’Enseignement supérieurs et Universitaire de la ville de Kisangani</span></b><o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]-->•<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "cambria" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Messieurs les chefs de sections et leurs adjoints de l’ISP-Kisangani ;</span></b><o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]-->•<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "cambria" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mesdames et Messieurs les Membres de corps Académique, scientifique Administratif, Technique et Ouvrier de l’ISP-Kisangani ;</span></b><o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]-->•<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "cambria" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Distingués invités à vos titres et qualités respectifs ;</span></b><o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]-->•<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "cambria" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Chers lauréats, Camardes étudiants,</span></b><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Qu’il nous soit permis de glorifier l’éternel Dieu tout puissant Maitre de temps et circonstance qui par sa miséricorde, nous a comblé de grâce pour rehausser notre présence , à la présente double cérémonie de la collation de grades académique et de la clôture de l’année académique 2016-2017.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Encore une fois, gloire à Dieu qui a bien voulu renforcer le comité de Gestion dont les membres furent incomplets à la suite du décès du Secrétaire Général Administratif en la personne de Monsieur Etienne MPANDANJILA MWANA BATEENTE. En sa mémoire, nous vous invitons de garder une minute de silence !</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Merci à Dieu, le Nouveau comité de gestion termine l’année académique dans la paix et harmonie, car ce sont les deux facteurs clés de la bonne gouvernance.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Distingués invités et Amis de l’ISP-Kisangani, nous vous souhaitons la bienvenue et vous remercions sincèrement pour avoir abandonné vos multiples occupations afin de venir rehausser de votre présence à cette cérémonie.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A tout seigneur tout honneur, nous rendons hommage au garant de la nation, Son excellence Monsieur le Président de la République Démocratique du Congo et Chef de l'Etat Joseph KABILA KABANGI Artisan de la Paix et Initiateur de la vision" Révolution de la Modernité" pour le maintien de la paix dans toute l'étendue de la République Démocratique du Congo.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nous exprimons notre gratitude à son Excellence Monsieur le Ministre de l'Enseignement Supérieur et Universitaire Steve MBIKAYI pour la lutte qu'il mène pour redresser le niveau d'enseignement supérieur et universitaire au Congo.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A Messieurs les membres du comité de Gestion de l’ISP-Kisangani</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Aux noms de tous lauréats de l’ISP-Kisangani,</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Nos remerciements s’adressent aux membres du comité de gestion pour leur bonne gouvernance et le sens de leadership situationnel de son Directeur Général Monsieur le Professeur Paul VITAMARA MASIMANGO qui, nous en sommes reconnaissants et nous avons même la carence de mots pour témoigner notre sentiment de gratitudes, nous vous disons merci pour avoir eu conscience et le souci de mobiliser de ressources nécessaires afin d’améliorer la qualité de l’enseignement et de éradiquer les antivaleurs sous toutes ses formes au sein de l’ISP-Kisangani.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nos remerciements s’adressent au corps professoral de l’ISP/Kisangani pour la qualité d’enseignement dispensé, la compétence, la disponibilité des enseignants visiteurs et locaux durant nos cursus académiques qui ont fait de nous des cadres intégrés dans ce pays.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="background: white; font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Au fil du temps, ISP-Kisangani a su se démarquer en se positionnant en tête des Instituts supérieurs et universitaires en matière de l’informatique de Gestion grâce à la qualité de ses enseignements et l’arrivée massive des professeurs visiteurs venant de partout afin d’améliorer la qualité de l’enseignement et de le rehausser au même standing international. A cet effet, nous ne souffrons d’aucun complexe d’infériorité devant le monde, car La formation supérieure que nous avions reçue témoigne non seulement des connaissances théoriques et pratiques que nous avons acquises, mais aussi de notre rigueur, de notre sens critique, dans le respect de l’éthique et la déontologie professionnelle , notre responsabilité sociale vis-à-vis des autres , bref de notre savoir-faire et de notre savoir-être.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="background: white; font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Car dit-on science sans conscience n’est que la ruine de l’âme « FRANCOIS RABELLAIS »</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="background: white; font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tout au long de notre parcours Professionnel, nous serons tenus à ce devoir de rigueur et nous devrons maintenir les plus hauts niveaux d’éthique et de probité morale dans la vie quotidienne</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<b><span style="background: white; font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Messieurs les membres du Comité de Gestion</span></b><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="background: white; font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sous votre autorisation Permettez-nous de vous adresser quelques suggestions et recommandations pour contribuer à l’amélioration de la qualité de l’enseignement au sein de l’ISP-Kisangani à savoir ;</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]-->•<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]--><span style="background: white; font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">De doter le nouveau laboratoire Informatique à des serveurs fixes et distants afin de permettre aux étudiants d’expérimenter le résultat de leurs travaux de recherche scientifique et technologique</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]-->•<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]--><span style="background: white; font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">De doter l’institution d’une application Web pour la publication de résultat et des activités académiques afin de permettre aux étudiants de consulter le résultat en ligne via le téléphone mobile partout où ils seront</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]-->•<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]--><span style="background: white; font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">De s’abonner près de fournisseur d’accès internet qui offre la connexion à haut débit qui afin de faciliter la recherche aux étudiants et de jouir de bienfait de la nouvelle technologie de l’information et de la communication</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]-->•<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]--><span style="background: white; font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">D’augmenter le nombre des professeurs visiteurs au sein des toutes les sections respectives</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="background: white; font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> A l’occurrence de ce moment précieux nous saisissons l’opportunité d’adresser nos recommandations au gouvernement provincial et au ministère de l’enseignement supérieur et universitaire ici représenté</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]-->•<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]--><span style="background: white; font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">D’octroyer les bourses d’études aux meilleurs étudiants et les assistants de l’ISP-Kisangani afin de leur permettre de poursuivre le troisième cycle à l’étranger</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]-->•<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]--><span style="background: white; font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">D’octroyer des subsides et d’appuyer le comité de gestion afin de financer les initiatives et les œuvres conçues par les étudiants</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]-->•<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]--><span style="background: white; font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">D’organiser des compétitions interuniversitaires, de conférence scientifique et technologique afin de permettre aux étudiants d’évaluer leur compétence sur l’échelle nationale qu’internationale en leadership</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]-->•<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]--><span style="background: white; font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">De faciliter le stage professionnel aux lauréats qui manifestent l’intérêt à l’égard des entreprises publiques et privées</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A nous lauréats de l’ISP-Kisangani</span></b><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nous pouvons Etre fiers de ce diplôme et de notre formation qui nous donne des atouts importants pour notre vie professionnelle</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="background: white; font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Chers diplômés, nous avons beaucoup travaillé pour recevoir ce diplôme tant attendu durant les 5 ans. Tous les efforts consacrés à nos études sont enfin récompensés. et aujourd’hui, nous pouvons dire oui nous avons atteint le sommet de notre objectif, Nous voici tous réunis pour célébrer notre réussite et pour souligner cette importante étape dans notre vie, Un jour de grande fierté, de réalisations et de réjouissances qui restera gravé dans la mémoire de chacun de nous</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="background: white; font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Chers parents et amis, nous partageons la même fierté de voir cette promotion des génies issue de différents départements, formée à la hauteur de leurs ambitions, la tête pleine de rêves, prête à entamer avec assurance et enthousiasme une carrière professionnelle dans les différents domaines de la vie</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="background: white; font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Le diplôme qui nous sera remis individuellement porte la couleur la plus grande de l’institut supérieur pédagogique de Kisangani, qui est l’une des plus grandes institutions ayant la charge de l’éducation en RDC, sa réputation d’excellence à la formation des enseignants qualifiés et de formation des formateurs sont reconnus au fil de son histoire dès l’apparition de la première école en RDC</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="background: white; color: red; font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Que le cachet scientifique imprimé par l’institution soit sur nos fronts comme un éclat afin de servir les entreprises et les personnes dans le savoir-faire et savoir Etre qui nécessitent notre assistance pédagogique dans les divers domaines de la vie</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="background: white; font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Chers nouveaux diplômés, la cérémonie d’aujourd’hui vise à honorer des personnes inspirantes qui se sont démarquées par leur engagement et un parcours exemplaire qui servira à nos cadets scientifique de modèle en suivre.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="background: white; font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> A vous nos très chers camardes étudiants qui sont ajournés à la première session,</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="background: white; font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nous compatissons tous ensemble avec vous, nous vous encourageons de multiplier les efforts pour affronter la seconde session avec sérénité, Car le secret de la réussite c’est l’étude il n’y a pas une baguette magique qui facilite la réussite que l’étude<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="background: white; font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Nous voici arrivé au terme de notre allocution <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="background: white; font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Avant de nous séparer pour suivre nos chemins personnels à la recherche et la création de l’emploi, nous souhaitons aux lauréats une bonne chance dans le monde professionnel qui est un mystère devant nous dont la réalité se diffère de la vie estudiantine.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Que Dieu bénisse la RDC</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Qu’il bénisse l’Institut supérieur Pédagogie de Kisangani</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Et ses lauréats<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Fait à Kisangani le 31/juillet/2017</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Représentant des lauréats d’ISP-Kisangani </span></b><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Joseph AKHUDI DUDU </span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">concepteur et rédacteur de ce présent article </span></div>
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<div class="blogger-post-footer">Admin Joseph Akhudi</div>Joseph Akhudi Duduhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01126680684409664323noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1250208101143042235.post-32647724373284332112017-07-28T00:54:00.000-07:002017-07-28T01:23:37.873-07:00j'aimerai partagé mon sécret avec vous les ingénieurs en IT<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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cours visuel ''Tutoriel''</h2>
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les secrets de devenir un bon concepteur et programmeur sont:</h2>
il faut accepter ses limites et avoir le gout d'apprendre en ligne ; vous ne pouvez apprendre nul part de bon truc si via le YouTube ou les tutoriels aujourd'hui il est possible de plus fort en apprenant en ligne il faut telecharger des cours visuels, en pdf, de livre je dis bien sur des sites web certifié </div>
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programmation Mobile je l'ai appris en ligne<br />
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<div class="blogger-post-footer">Admin Joseph Akhudi</div>Joseph Akhudi Duduhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01126680684409664323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1250208101143042235.post-42638246031485978132017-07-18T22:32:00.000-07:002017-07-27T23:53:52.659-07:00Conception et Réalisation d'une application Mobile Pour la Gestion de chaîne Logistique de la société minière <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b><span style="font-size: large;">Conception et Réalisation d'une application Mobile Pour la Gestion de chaîne Logistique de la société minière </span></b><br />
concepteur et Réalisateur de Projet d'automatisation<br />
Joseph Akhudi Dudu licencié en Informatique de Gestion à l'Institut Supérieur Pédagogique de Kisangani en RDC et détenteur des plusieurs expertise en IT dans les différents domaine Programmation, Audit, et en Cyberespace<br />
une application qui a répondue aux difficultés parfaite logistique des entreprise minière<br />
voici les fonctionnalités importantes<br />
le gestion de commande pour servir les service isolé<br />
gestion de stock<br />
gestion de fournisseur<br />
gestion de livraison<br />
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voici les états de sortis de l'application<br />
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<span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Depuis l’apparition de l’outil Informatique et
de téléphone permettant d’effectuer le
traitement automatique de l’information grâce à la programmation, l’homme a
toujours eu le désir de faciliter les taches pénible dans l’exécution de son
travail, c’est ainsi qu’actuellement au qu’une activité de l’homme ne s’échappe
sous le contrôle de la Nouvelle technologie de l’information et de la communication plus particulière dans
l’IT car le téléphone a pris contrôle
dans notre système humanitaire<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Comme si c’était une partie de notre corps
humain<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Vous constaterez avec nous que les nombres des
utilisateurs de téléphone mobile croient d’une manière incontrôlé pour des raisons suivantes ;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Le téléphone portable coûte de plus à plus mois
chers et accessible que l’ordinateur en raison de son ergonomie et sa taille
car Il offre à l’utilisateur un service fiable et deux fois plus rapide que l’ordinateur<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Le cellulaire est tout premier un appareille qui
cartonne sans partage de dans le monde télématique communication vocale <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">
</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">C’est pour cette raison que cela a attiré notre
attention de mener étude scientifique et
technologie afin de prédire l’avenir de son utilisation dans les jours avenir
pour ce faits voici les problèmes que connaissent la dite entreprise<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.8pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 497.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><img alt="*" height="16" src="file:///C:/Users/Fataki/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" width="16" /><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Le manque de système d’information
mobile pour commander les produits en
temps réel dans les différents sites
minier isolés au sein de sa concession<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.8pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 497.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Symbol;"><img alt="*" height="12" src="file:///C:/Users/Fataki/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" width="12" /><span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’inefficacité et le retard dans la gestion de livraison
et de la distribution dans les
différents sites miniers en clavés </span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.8pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 497.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Symbol;"><img alt="*" height="12" src="file:///C:/Users/Fataki/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" width="12" /><span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "eras medium itc" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">L’incapacité de centraliser les
rapports logistiques de chaque magasin et le profil de ses consommateurs <a href="file:///C:/Users/Fataki/Desktop/111.odt#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a></span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 3.8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="text-align: left;"> d’or</span><span style="text-align: left;"> </span><span style="text-align: left;">de 2015-2016 </span></div>
<div>
<div id="ftn1">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="blogger-post-footer">Admin Joseph Akhudi</div>Joseph Akhudi Duduhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01126680684409664323noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1250208101143042235.post-59989603488260921572017-07-18T22:09:00.000-07:002018-06-08T05:07:42.688-07:00Mon compte est PiratéAvez-vous un Compte Gmail ? Utilisez-vous le réseau social Facebook ? Aimeriez-vous découvrir comment savoir si votre compte est piraté par un inconnu ou utilisé par une autre personne ? Voici comment faire :<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>Avez-vous un Compte G mail ?<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>Utilisez-vous le réseau social Facebook ?<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>Aimeriez-vous découvrir comment savoir si votre compte est piraté par un inconnu ou utilisé par une autre personne ?</b><br />
<b>voici comment les pirates informatiques set les hackeurs sont représentés sur le web</b><br />
<b><br /></b></div>
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</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhr64MhMXWQvLdrItwjvQwPKV070XWdXOYriv0v5tcGsFxCjHJtDPps4WhAZZX3RLRiaP5qQJrpu4e-mO7s_-Vl8XboSO1dSdW83yyTnbgsBRMr4WNobFX1b_mPWWHWwoVJsO1mRYQe_Ug/s1600/h.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="les Pirates Informatique le chapeau Blanc protecteur de Système Informatique" border="0" data-original-height="166" data-original-width="166" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhr64MhMXWQvLdrItwjvQwPKV070XWdXOYriv0v5tcGsFxCjHJtDPps4WhAZZX3RLRiaP5qQJrpu4e-mO7s_-Vl8XboSO1dSdW83yyTnbgsBRMr4WNobFX1b_mPWWHWwoVJsO1mRYQe_Ug/s400/h.jpg" title="JOSEPH AKHUDI DUDU HACKEURS" width="400" /></a></div>
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Mesdames et messieurs j’ai l’honneur de vous montrer comment
savoir si votre boite email est piratée <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
La plus part des utilisateurs des ordinateur et téléphone
mobile ont tendance de sous-estimé
l’aspect sécurité dans leurs vie quotidienne or cela vous coûtera la
peau cassé un jour<o:p></o:p></div>
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Actuellement les entreprises utilisent plus les adresses
email généralement des réseaux sociaux pour la communication interpersonnelle <o:p></o:p></div>
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Imaginez que vous aillez la malchance que votre compte soit
piraté par quelqu’un mal intentionné <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
En accédant dans
ton compte il envoie d’email à tes correspondants
à ton nom « bonjour monsieur le
caissier veuillez envoyer 10 Milles
dollars aux comptes des investisseurs suivants mon téléphone n’est disponible
exécution à vous votre chez de service
…. La suite…» <o:p></o:p></div>
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Aujourd’hui grâce à l’avancé scientifique, technologie et de
logiciels précieux il est possible de déchiffré les mots dépasse que les utilisateurs pensent être secret <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Autre moyen Par le cryptanalyse qui est une branche de la
science informatique qui consiste à déchiffrer les chiffré caché à l’aide des
algorithmes de cryptanalyse<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Avez-vous un Compte
Gmail ? <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Utilisez-vous le réseau social Facebook ?<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Aimeriez-vous
découvrir comment savoir si votre
compte est piraté par un inconnu ou
utilisé par une autre personne ?<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Voici comment
faire :<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Mesdames et messieurs votre attention s’il vous plait ici
nous n’apprenons pas comment piraté, comment espionner nous sommes là juste
pour lutter contre les antivaleurs qui mette les métiers IT en danger <o:p></o:p><br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p>voici les étapes :</o:p></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmFZFe3G2oKyAu6knLTNXPddk-NhZZIQ_731SZ1WGmlEsEW5KGcbZVP5ZpQMM02nkAbDCVQMt4MxxZqLJGcBgBoXSWAHlZPtLCpWaDHT-b4trdtV02d1fGSQoOtFx9toCSPQoka1-EpRo/s1600/1.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1366" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmFZFe3G2oKyAu6knLTNXPddk-NhZZIQ_731SZ1WGmlEsEW5KGcbZVP5ZpQMM02nkAbDCVQMt4MxxZqLJGcBgBoXSWAHlZPtLCpWaDHT-b4trdtV02d1fGSQoOtFx9toCSPQoka1-EpRo/s1600/1.PNG" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p><br /></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p> cliquez sur detaille situé en bas de votre compte</o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p>vous verrez l'image suivante</o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p>un tableau si qui détermine le type d'accès et l'emplacement </o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p>si votre compte est utilisé par quelqu'un d'autre vous verrez dans le tableau emplacement le lieu dont le compte est piraté </o:p></div>
<br />
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<br /></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjML5oY5T_YxhzetU6f3AoykcaWGCJwKRT_fhv3YGW31T9oBzNYo8GdHL36sjYEf-0Ce2y5ckatrqeB3S47XYoJ0Z9p_g2jLAT2hHLzD-aw5Fj6jfm6kxg3-lJvU59zPC-F1tgY1GY86A4/s1600/2.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1366" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjML5oY5T_YxhzetU6f3AoykcaWGCJwKRT_fhv3YGW31T9oBzNYo8GdHL36sjYEf-0Ce2y5ckatrqeB3S47XYoJ0Z9p_g2jLAT2hHLzD-aw5Fj6jfm6kxg3-lJvU59zPC-F1tgY1GY86A4/s1600/2.PNG" /></a></div>
<br />
je vous présente un site spéciale dédie à la recherche d'IP des ordinateur<br />
les ordinateurs se communiquent sur les réseaux sociaux l'adresse IP comme étant leur Identité unique sur le réseaux<br />
www.trouve-ip.com<br />
<br />
<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtj3CHgQ-EEZFGRX_s5NULQdNFRUUqY5oXMYTxC5UJqR-QfSCYTKcIjXax0Q01zTeiRLGRNHXnELzd2hmYIianhDQVt9p0_01AZF329ebjym6h3Szp-_15vo1xEq6uX1mIMq7u5A4k7iw/s1600/IP.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1366" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtj3CHgQ-EEZFGRX_s5NULQdNFRUUqY5oXMYTxC5UJqR-QfSCYTKcIjXax0Q01zTeiRLGRNHXnELzd2hmYIianhDQVt9p0_01AZF329ebjym6h3Szp-_15vo1xEq6uX1mIMq7u5A4k7iw/s1600/IP.PNG" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2pzVRWif0QGUPqveRbL26J08a25m4UIUEF9v4NFsp_UrsKYJTA7z6iIwGUcl9OxTsN6xAeWJKnLTCj3uu4Ug3zg1ThQw9A8uXC8vpjNeHP4GZMXY0NU4wzebTZDR_qSvXIqr6tQhBmqU/s1600/IPPP.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1366" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2pzVRWif0QGUPqveRbL26J08a25m4UIUEF9v4NFsp_UrsKYJTA7z6iIwGUcl9OxTsN6xAeWJKnLTCj3uu4Ug3zg1ThQw9A8uXC8vpjNeHP4GZMXY0NU4wzebTZDR_qSvXIqr6tQhBmqU/s1600/IPPP.PNG" /></a></div>
</div>
<div class="blogger-post-footer">Admin Joseph Akhudi</div>Joseph Akhudi Duduhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01126680684409664323noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1250208101143042235.post-35453765951518044522017-05-19T02:12:00.000-07:002017-05-19T02:12:06.948-07:00une base des données en Accès <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b>Joseph akhudi dudu à réalisé une base des données plus performant que celle on croyait la gestion des activités académiques de l'isp-KIS</b></div>
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nous vous souhaitons la bienvenue sur cette page nous avons l'honneur de vous présenter une base des données conçue sous le micro soft Accès </div>
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il s'agit bien d'une base des données accès programmé en VBA pour la gestion d'automatisation des taches </div>
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notre application contient les fonctionnalités suivantes:</div>
<div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; color: #555555; font-family: Roboto, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: justify;">
le système de sécurité et les droit d'accès des utilisateurs de base des données </div>
<div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; color: #555555; font-family: Roboto, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: justify;">
la gestion d'inscription des étudiants </div>
<div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; color: #555555; font-family: Roboto, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: justify;">
gestion de stage, de cours, des cotes et de la délibération lors de jury </div>
<div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; color: #555555; font-family: Roboto, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: justify;">
calcule automatique des cotes et les états de sorties sous forme de Relevé de cotes </div>
<div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; color: #555555; font-family: Roboto, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: justify;">
le procès verbal de délibération</div>
<div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; color: #555555; font-family: Roboto, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: justify;">
et tant d'autres sont la liste est longue</div>
<div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; color: #555555; font-family: Roboto, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: justify;">
il s'agit bien d'une application qui gère l'ensemble des activités quotidiennes de l'institut supérieur pédagogique de Kisangani / RDC </div>
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avec 3O formulaire et 50 état de sortie....</div>
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en suivre...</div>
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josephakhudi39@gmail.com</div>
<div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; color: #555555; font-family: Roboto, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: justify;">
+243814151735</div>
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+243851030917</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigNGijHTtjuhWVvqEjsvAyE40Zzwc1pUB_rKwMD2F4dHbUlxa1yGIIucjFcyQJv5KyOznMWZhfCRI38x5VDoK1dmeGTf96GMwRJYJuhgj-RXWYeuZp30S1v2NpBDTfQJgiokbfhF9gab0/s1600/ETA.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigNGijHTtjuhWVvqEjsvAyE40Zzwc1pUB_rKwMD2F4dHbUlxa1yGIIucjFcyQJv5KyOznMWZhfCRI38x5VDoK1dmeGTf96GMwRJYJuhgj-RXWYeuZp30S1v2NpBDTfQJgiokbfhF9gab0/s320/ETA.PNG" width="320" /></a></div>
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<div class="blogger-post-footer">Admin Joseph Akhudi</div>Joseph Akhudi Duduhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01126680684409664323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1250208101143042235.post-33161578738669251632017-04-25T07:21:00.000-07:002017-04-25T07:21:36.427-07:00Joseph AKHUDI Le Fondateur de Bureau d’Etudes et des Réalisations de projets Informatique de la RDC Fête son anniversaire le Lundi 01/05/2017<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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J<b>oseph AKHUDI Le Fondateur de
Bureau d’Etudes et des Réalisations de
projets Informatique de la RDC Fête son
anniversaire le Lundi 01/05/2017</b><o:p></o:p></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMa92BninGAwg7JRTMfOD6tqPOR0ofRyoUA7r5lVZsbT-CojrVSzgYn4lY7OujMBiGFvEPZ8QqndEn151e6Bs_NTXO6mihGi9Lwq6hncZWvYlgIr5NiiwlUWZ2XxtYwMt9pYFOJ1H1aOE/s1600/DSC_1115.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMa92BninGAwg7JRTMfOD6tqPOR0ofRyoUA7r5lVZsbT-CojrVSzgYn4lY7OujMBiGFvEPZ8QqndEn151e6Bs_NTXO6mihGi9Lwq6hncZWvYlgIr5NiiwlUWZ2XxtYwMt9pYFOJ1H1aOE/s320/DSC_1115.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
A l’occurrence de ce moment
précieux il porte à la connaissance de mes membres d’études de bien vouloir
sauvegarder l’unité au sein de ladite structure qui est en cours de développement<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Dans le même optique je tiens à partager mon expérience personnelle
elle tire son origine partant d’une observation participative et active au sein
de la société à laquelle nous vivons<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Voici le thématique le monde
capitaliste <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Notre existence sur terrain
représente est un pouvoir et une victoire incontestée et incontestable notre
naissance n’est pas un fruit d’hasard cela Chacun de nous à un objectif qu’il
est censé atteindre avant que son temps touche à sa fin sur terre <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Nous vivons dans un monde qui a
perdu son âme, un monde sans merci
rempli d’injustice, de la haine…<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
un monde qui se base sur des princes
d’égoïsme, d’injustices ; chacun pour soi,
dent pour dent aide toi le ciel t’aidera….<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
C’est ainsi que chacun vise d’abord ses propres intérêt or la bible
déclare « en cherchant les bonheurs des autres vous recevrez les vôtres
indirectement » <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Regardez autour de
vous combien des gens avez-vous
renoncé en cherchant vos intérêts personnel ???<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Il est possible de gagner sa vie
dans l’honnêteté que en utilisant de ruse, de dol de fausse croyances en
défaveur des autres <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Soyez ouvert vis-à-vis de vos
prochains, les gens aiment à ceux qui les mettent alaise et ceux qui sont facile
à aborder l’ajout d’un nouveau ami dans votre répertoire représente une nouvelle opportunité <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Nul ne connait sa vie en avance
notre avenir constitué un mystère <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Prenez le temps de soigner vos relations humaines <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Parfois les gens disent que la
société est mauvaise cette croyance est fausse celui qui vit solitaire doit
faire l’introspection l’homme est un
animal domestique il est censé vivre dans la société afin de jouir parfaitement
de son bien être sociale,<o:p></o:p></div>
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<div class="blogger-post-footer">Admin Joseph Akhudi</div>Joseph Akhudi Duduhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01126680684409664323noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1250208101143042235.post-4113737918728043812017-01-03T00:59:00.000-08:002017-01-03T00:59:02.129-08:00 Bureau d’Etudes et de Réalisation de Projets Informatique en RDC Au Coeur de la Nouvelle Technologie de l'Information et de la Communication Particulièrement du domaine de L'Informatique <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><b>
Qu'est ce - que le Bureau d'Etudes et de Réalisation des Projets Informatique
de la RDC? BERPI-RDC en Sigle.<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><b>A quoi sert le Bureau d’Etudes et de
Réalisation de Projets Informatique en RDC ?<br />
sont des Questions qui préoccupent les Internautes vous trouverez la
réponse dans cet article </b><br /><b>
bonne lecteur<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Préambule</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">S’inspirant d’une part
de l’article 38 de la Constitution de la République Démocratique du Congo qui
consacre le pluralisme syndical et d’autre part de l’article 255 du
Code de travail en vigueur en République Démocratique du Congo qui légitime la
liberté d’association dans tous les établissements et de toute nature.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Vu le nombre croissant
des institutions formant les ingénieurs informaticiens et leur impact en
République Démocratique du Congo en général en dans l’ex Province Orientale en
particulier.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Vu les intrusions des
menteurs dans le domaine informatique se faisant passer pour des professionnels
informaticiens alors que la réalité est le contraire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Soucieux de
promouvoir le développement intégral de la profession d’Informaticien et de
rendre services informatique des Entreprises qui croient à notre
expertise dans la conception et réalisation des Systèmes
Informatique Automatisé dont les animateurs seraient plus rapprochés des bases.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Animés par la volonté
le Bureau d’Etudes et de Réalisation de Projets Informatique en RDC est sert à
former, Informer et S’informer la population congolaise afin promouvoir la
recherche scientifique et technologique dans le cadre d’échanges d’expériences.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Nul n’ignore que
l’Analphabète à l’utilisation Irréprochable de l’ordinateur constitue un danger
potentiel pour l’avenir des Entreprise congolaise grâce à mondialisation et de
la révolution de nouvelle technologie de communication et de l’information
particulièrement du domaine de l’informatique il est important que les
Entreprises ne soient en inadéquation à la NTIC<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Nous, les informaticiens
de profession et en formation avons résolu de nous regrouper dans
une dynamique dénommée Bureau d’Etudes et de Réalisation de Projets
Informatique en RDC en sigle BERPI/RDC pour améliorer la qualité
de services Informatique en RDC qui permettrait aux Personnes Physique et
Morale de Jouir de bienfaits de la NTIC<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Nous organisons de
conférences, des Exposés publique des Logiciels et de démonstration pédagogique
en IT au cours de conférence afin d’informer les bénéficiaires de service
Informatique de la dernière technologie qui cartonne dans la monde
afin d’être à la page de la Nouvelle Technologie<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt; letter-spacing: 1pt;">OBJECTIFS
ET DES PRINCIPES.</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Chap. 1 : DE LA
CREATION ET DE LA DENOMMINATION<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Article 1<sup>er </sup>:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"> Il est créé
01/Mais 2013 à Kisangani, Chef – lieu de la province Orientale, en République
Démocratique du Congo, une association apolitique, non confessionnel et sans
but lucratif des professionnels informaticiens dénommé « Bureau d’Etudes
et de Réalisation de Projets Informatique en RDC » en sigle BERPI/RDC<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Chap.2 : DELA DUREE
ET DU SIEGE<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Article 2 :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">La durée de la BERPI/RDC ainsi
que le nombre de ses adhérents sont indéterminés.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Article 3 :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Le siège de la BERPI/RDC est
fixé sur avenue ALAUA numéro 02 quartier Plateau Boyoma commune Makiso
dans ville de Kisangani.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Article 4 :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Ce siège peut être
transféré en tout autre lieu sur décision des formateurs et les partenaires qui
le soutiennent<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Chap.3 : DES
OBJECTIFS.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">-</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 7pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">BERPI-RDC se fixe comme
objectif primordial d’informatiser et automatiser les Entreprises qui
veulent Etre à la page de la NTIC afin d’Etre très compétitif dans le monde
Numérique dans le souci de maximiser le rendement de la productivité</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">-</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 7pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Concevoir des
Applications Informatique capable de répondre aux besoins de l’entreprise
ressenti et réel, en temps réel afin de n’est pas souffrir de complexe de la
Nouvelle Technologie de l’information et de la communication aux standings
International<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">-</span></b><b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></b><b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Former les utilisateurs
de Système Informatique de l’entreprise à fin d’assurer son bon fonctionnement
sans l’endommager<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">-</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 7pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Prévenir des Entreprises
sur le danger que présente la NTIC et le suggérer des solutions efficiences et
efficace dans le but de lutter contre la Vulnérabilité Informatique :
Cracking, Hacking, craqueur, intrusion, Espionnage, les
Virus Informatique et des logiciel malveillant<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">-</span></b><b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></b><b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Aider le Gestionnaire de
Ressources Humaines des Entreprises dans l’accompagnement de la réalisation de
gros projets Informatiques conformément aux exigences des bénéficiaires de
services Informatique.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">-</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 7pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Mettre à la disposition
des entreprises les cahiers de charge et des guides nécessaires
pour le respect de procédure d’utilisation des base des données et des
Appareilles familiers en IT<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">-</span></b><b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></b><b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">et La recherche permanente
du bien - être de la personne et des Entreprises œuvrant dans le domaine
informatique afin de faciliter les tâches<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">-</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 7pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">La promotion des œuvres
professionnelles réalisées par les informaticiens.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">-</span></b><b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></b><b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Etre l’interlocuteur et
l’interface entre les professionnels informaticiens et les autres partenaires
intervenant dans le domaine : les entreprises publiques et privées, les
organisations non gouvernementales, …Étendre son rayon d’action
jusqu’à tous les professionnels informaticiens de la République
Démocratique du Congo.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">-</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 7pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Incorporer tous les
étudiants en filière informatique pour leur bonne formation professionnelle à
leur facilitant la conception et réalisation des projets Informatique travail
de fin d’études, des mémoires et de doctorat<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">-</span></b><b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></b><b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Faciliter la recherche
Scientifique et technologique à tous chercheurs désire consacrés toute sa
vie à l’évolution de la Science et technologie afin d’ajouter un de plus
dans le monde numérique<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">-</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 7pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Éduquer les internautes sur l’éthique et la déontologie Informatique
sur le Cyber espace qui est un patrimoine mondial et commun facilitant la
communication dans le monde grâce à l’internet, le satellite et le réseau de
télécommunication<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt; letter-spacing: 1pt;">Titre
III : DES ORGANES ET DE LEUR FONCTIONNEMENT<br />
</span></b><b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Chap.1 : DES ORGANES<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Article 22 : Bureau
d’Etudes et de Réalisation de Projets Informatique en RDC en
sigle BERPI/RDC comprend les organes suivants :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">1.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">La direction générale
(DG) composé de DG et DGA</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">1.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Le comité directeur
(CD).composé de DG, BE et BC</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">1.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Le Bureau d’Etudes (BE)
composé des Experts en MERISE, de concepteur UML et Modélisation IT</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">1.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Le bureau de réalisation
(BC).composé des Consultant Indépendant, de Sage Programmeur, de formateur
agrégé en Pédagogie didacticiel</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt; letter-spacing: 1pt;">DES
RESSOURCES DE L’ASSOCIATION</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Article 43 :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Les ressources de Bureau
d’Etudes et de Réalisation de Projets Informatique en RDC » en
sigle BERPI/RDC proviennent de frais de participant à la formation
professionnelle organisée la dite Structure, de vente des Applications Windows
et Mobile , de base des données et site Web Informatique, frais de consultation
que donne les entreprise ayant demandé notre expertise à la réalisation bugs ou
autres problème Informatique, des cotisations mensuelles des membres et
éventuellement des dons ou legs accordés par les personnes physiques ou morales
partenaires.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Article 48 :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">En cas de dissolution de
l’organisation (qui ne peut intervenir que sur décision prise par les deux –
tiers des membres réunis en Assemblée générale), tous ses biens seront partagés
équitablement et remis à chaque membre.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Merci à vous qui avait
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"> Fondateur de Bureau d’Etudes et de Réalisation de Projets Informatique en
RDC en sigle BERPI/RDC</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Joseph AKHUDI DUDU</span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<div class="blogger-post-footer">Admin Joseph Akhudi</div>Joseph Akhudi Duduhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01126680684409664323noreply@blogger.com0